Is it possible to mackerel a child 1 year old. Mackerel as a valuable product for baby food

Fish is undoubtedly healthy and deserves a special place in the baby's menu, but it must be introduced into the children's diet correctly. When is the first time to cook a small fish and how to do it?

pros

Fish is a useful product, because it contains a lot of substances necessary for the growth and health of the baby. These are complete proteins that are easily digestible, and unique fats, which are few in other products, and a large list of trace elements. In addition, fish differs from meat in a more delicate structure, so it is easier to digest:

• Proteins, which are rich in fish, are easily digested. They contain all the amino acids necessary for the child's body, including a lot of methionine, tryptophan, taurine, lysine.
• Fish is a great source of fat-soluble vitamins, particularly A, D, and E, as well as healthy omega fats.
• Coarse connective tissue fibers and refractory fats are absent in fish, so the enzymes of the children's digestive tract easily process this product.
• Marine fish has a rich mineral composition, for example, it contains a lot of iodine and fluorine.

Which fish is more useful - sea or river?

Both fish caught in the sea and species that live in rivers can be introduced into the child's diet. At the same time, it is advised to start with varieties of sea fish. What is the difference, similarity and benefits for the human body of river and sea fish, see the table:

Harm

The main disadvantage of fish is its high allergenic capacity. That is why the introduction of fish to crumbs with allergies to any products is carried out later, very carefully and only during the period when allergic processes are not exacerbated.

Consider the following features:

• If the fish swam in polluted water, it absorbs harmful compounds from the reservoir, such as metal salts.
• Uncooked fish is dangerous with an increased risk of infection with worms and pathogenic bacteria.
• Fish dishes spoil quickly, so children are given food, a component of which is fish, only freshly prepared.
• Herring can be given to a child from the age of two.
• Fatty fish such as salmon, eel, catfish or halibut should not be given to babies under three years of age.
• Frying fish for a child, as well as offering smoked fish to a baby, is not recommended until the age of 3.

Is it common to have allergies?

Fish is considered one of the highly allergenic foods, so dishes from it are given in minimal quantities, checking the reaction of the child's body, after which the single serving is gradually increased. The baby may react to the introduction of fish into the diet with nausea, a rash all over the body, abdominal pain, diarrhea, skin itching, and swelling of the lips. If the baby has such signs, fish complementary foods are canceled and they turn to the pediatrician.

You can try again to introduce fish into the children's menu at the age of 2-3 years. If the little one again reacts to the fish dish with negative symptoms, fish should be excluded from his diet, and so that the body does not suffer from nutritional deficiencies, start giving the baby vitamin D and Omega fats in the form of a dietary supplement.

What is the best age to give?

Fish food is recommended for healthy babies from 10 or 11 months. The first fish that a child tries should be a representative of one of the low-fat varieties. If you are prone to allergies, acquaintance with fish dishes should be postponed for at least a year.

Fatty fish, such as mackerel or pink salmon, are recommended for children over the age of three.

Introduction to the diet

In the diet of babies, fish appears after getting used to meat complementary foods, while up to a year meat dishes are not given on the same day as fish dishes. To introduce a child to a fish should be with 1/2 teaspoon of this product. Then the amount of fish in the daily menu is adjusted to a portion of 50 to 70 grams, while offering a small fish twice a week.

Calculate your feeding schedule

Which fish is best for first feeding?

The first fish that a baby can try must be fresh, low-fat and low-allergenic. Compliance with such characteristics is noted in cod, hake and salmon. You can also give your baby saithe, blue whiting, navaga, sea bass and haddock.

In what form can it be given for the first time?

Children younger than a year old are given fish puree, and later they are offered small pieces of boiled fish, as well as various fish dishes. First, let the little one try the fish without spices and other additives. Further, dill, carrots, parsley and other seasonings will help to improve and diversify the taste of fish dishes for a child.

For fish dishes on the menu of young children, it is worth buying fillets so that the baby does not get bones.

How to cook?

The best option for preparing fish for baby food is steaming. You can also boil the fish in a small amount of water. Cooking small pieces of fish is enough for fifteen minutes, and large parts or whole fish will have to be cooked for half an hour or longer.

Fish puree

To prepare fish puree, take 120 grams of fish fillet and two teaspoons of milk and vegetable oil. After boiling the fish for about twenty minutes, cool it and grind it in a blender or meat grinder. After adding oil, as well as milk, the fish must be put on a small fire and brought to a boil. Such puree in the form of a finished product can be stored in a refrigerator for 48 hours in a tightly closed container.

fish meatballs

Grind 120 grams of lean fish fillet in a meat grinder, as well as 20 grams of pre-soaked bread. Adding half the egg yolk, two teaspoons of vegetable oil and a pinch of salt to the resulting mass, after thoroughly mixing, make small meatballs. Place them in a saucepan and fill with water so that the meatballs are half immersed in it. Stew such meatballs over low heat for about twenty minutes.

You will need half a boiled potato, which you need to mash by adding milk (2 tablespoons) and vegetable oil (about 2 teaspoons). Separately, in slightly salted water, you need to cook fish fillet (about 100 grams). Having combined chopped fish and potatoes, add half of a beaten chicken egg and, after mixing, put the mixture into a mold. It is necessary to cook such a pudding in a water bath or in a double boiler for about 30 minutes.

Fish purees in jars

Jars with ready-made fish puree have the following advantages:

• The product is already ready, which saves mom's time and effort.
• Fish in such jars has been tested and is guaranteed to be safe for the baby.
• Many fish purees come in combinations of fish with grains or vegetables, so you get a nutritious, complete meal in every jar.

The disadvantages include only the high cost of such food. In addition, the assortment of such purees, as a rule, is not very extensive.

Is it possible to give canned fish?

Special children's canned food is allowed to be given from the age indicated on the package. Those canned fish that adults eat should not be given to children under 4 years of age.

See the Babadu Academy video for the recipe for making fish dumplings.

• The first serving of fish puree should be a maximum of half a teaspoon.
• It is best to treat the baby with a new product for breakfast, then you can evaluate during the day how the baby reacted to fish food.
• Fish dishes are usually given twice a week, replacing meat products with them at the third feeding (lunch). Also, because of its easy digestion, it is permissible to give a fish to a baby for dinner.
• For small children, it is preferable to steam or boil the fish. You can also bake it in the oven or cook it in a slow cooker.
• If you bought frozen fish for your child, you should not completely defrost it. Let the fillet thaw a little, then lower it into boiling water and cook for about 10-15 minutes on minimum heat.
• If you are going to cook river fish for your baby, the first broth should be drained. As soon as the fish boils, the water is drained, the product is poured with clean water and then boiled until tender.
• It is not recommended to mix several different types of fish in one dish for a child.
• Give the baby always only a freshly prepared fish dish.

Norms of use for infants and older children

What to do if the child does not want to eat?

For a first introduction to fish, choose a food your child loves (such as zucchini) and pair fish puree with it. To remove the pronounced fishy smell, you can sprinkle the fish fillet with lemon juice before cooking, and also cook the fish along with herbs (dill, parsley).

Tell your baby about the usefulness of fish, as well as stories related to the sea, for example, about pirates or mermaids. Never force a child to eat fish dishes if the baby categorically protests. Eliminate fish from the menu for a while, and later try to offer it in a different way. Perhaps the baby does not like fish puree, but he will not refuse a steam cutlet.

• It is best to buy fish for the children's menu in stores where there are documents confirming the quality of the product.
• Carefully examine the fish, looking at the gills (they should be red) and eyes (in a fresh fish they are transparent and clear, and in a spoiled fish they are cloudy and dried up).
• Pay attention to the fins of the fish - they should not be damaged.
• Fresh sea fish will always have clean, shiny scales without mucus.
• Smell the product - the fish should not have any unpleasant or pungent odor.
• Press a little on the fish carcass. If a hole remains, this product is not quite fresh. In a quality fish that has recently been caught, the meat will be elastic and dense.

Find out if your child's weight is normal by using the following calculator.

Height and weight calculator

Fish is a product whose benefits can hardly be overestimated. The child gets acquainted with its taste already in the first year of life. But not every variety can be introduced into the children's diet at such an early age, since some types of fish contain too much fat. It is to these that mackerel belongs, which determines the peculiarities of its use.

The benefits of mackerel are directly related to its composition. Depending on the place and time of harvest, 100 g of the product may contain from 13 to 30 g of fat. Fish also contains 65% water and 20 g of protein, which is digested three times faster than beef.

The composition impresses with the amount of nutrients per 100 g of product:

• omega-3 fatty acids: 2990 mg;
• omega-6 fatty acids: 246 mg;
• vitamin A: 187 IU;
• vitamin D: 400 IU;
• vitamin E: 1.7 mg;
• vitamin B12: 9.8 mcg;
• potassium: 352 mg;
• magnesium: 85 mg;
• phosphorus: 240 mg;
• calcium: 13.5 mg;
• sodium: 75 mg;
• iron: 1.8 mg;
• iodine: 45 mcg;
• manganese: 6.05 mg.

The calorie content of mackerel is about 200 kcal. This indicator is also affected by the method of its preparation. If you cook without using oil (baking, boiling, steaming), the original number of calories will not change.

Benefits for the child's body

The substances that make up mackerel are necessary for the development and normal functioning of the most important systems of a growing child's body:

• Phosphorus, contained in it in large quantities, takes an active part in the construction of enzymes, strengthens muscle and bone tissue, and contributes to the proper development of the baby's musculoskeletal system.
• Sodium contributes to the maintenance of water-salt balance in the cells of the child's body.
• Potassium is involved in the conduction of electrical impulses in nerve and muscle cells, this element is necessary for the functioning of the nervous and cardiovascular systems.
• Vitamin A improves visual acuity, promotes the regeneration of the skin and mucous membranes. This vitamin is involved in the synthesis of proteins, normalizing metabolism.
• The high content of omega-3 fatty acids, which have an anti-inflammatory effect, as well as the presence of magnesium, are factors that reduce the risk of asthma in a child. This type of fatty acids normalizes the level of cholesterol in the body.
• Thanks to vitamin A, the body's resistance to the fight against viral and inflammatory diseases increases.
• Omega-6 fatty acids are necessary for the construction of muscle cells and are actively involved in metabolic processes.
• Vitamin B12 increases oxygen consumption by cells.
• Fish oil promotes the expansion of blood vessels for the normal functioning of the heart muscle.
• Vitamin D is essential for the prevention of rickets in children.
• Manganese normalizes the processes of regeneration and insulin metabolism.
• Iodine, involved in many processes, supports the proper functioning of the baby's thyroid gland.

Introduction to Diet

After the birth of a child, his digestive system continues to form during the first three years of life. At an earlier age, eating fish with a high fat content, such as mackerel, can lead to problems with the gastrointestinal tract. The baby's body is simply not able to digest such a product without problems.

But even when the child reaches the age of 3 years, the measure should be observed. Without negative consequences and with benefits for the body, the baby can be given no more than 70 g of mackerel once a week. After 5 years, you can eat this type of fish no more than twice a week.

Precautionary measures

Mackerel is considered one of the most allergenic fish species. If allergic reactions are detected, it should be excluded from the child's diet.

Harm to the body of a child can be caused not only by non-compliance with age restrictions, but also by the excessive use of mackerel. In this case, the increased fat content of fish can have a negative effect on the pancreas, stomach and intestines.

This product is contraindicated in children with diseases of the kidneys, biliary tract and other organs of the urinary system.

Mackerel is capable of accumulating carcinogens, as well as mercury. This also explains its strictly limited presence in the children's diet.

Mackerel Recipes

When cooking, most of the nutrients from the fish pass into the broth, and fried foods are undesirable for children. Therefore, baked or steamed fish will be most useful. The fat content of mackerel also makes these cooking methods preferable.

Steamed mackerel cutlets

Dietary fish cakes are a delicious protein dish. Oatmeal plays a key role in the recipe.

Products:

• fresh-frozen mackerel - 1-2 pcs.;
• oat flakes - 30 g;
• onion - 1 pc.;
• salt - a small amount (to taste).

Cooking:

• Defrost mackerel, rinse, cut (carefully remove bones and skin).
• Pass the fish fillet through a meat grinder, salt and mix with oatmeal. Leave in the refrigerator for a few minutes for the cereal to swell.
• Grate onion on a fine grater, mix with minced meat.
• Shape into small patties and refrigerate for 10 minutes.
• Steam for 10 minutes.
• It is good to serve such a dish on a dish lined with fresh lettuce leaves.

Stuffed mackerel boiled in a bag

When preparing this dish, all useful substances are preserved, because the fish is not cooked in broth, but in its own juice.

Products:

• mackerel - 1 pc.;
• onion - 1 pc.;
• carrots (medium size) - 1 pc.

Cooking:

• Defrost fish, rinse, remove all bones.
• Turn fish fillet skin side out.
• Chop the onion, put on the fillet.
• Grate carrots, sprinkle on a layer of onions.
• Gently fold the mackerel in half so that the vegetables do not spill out.
• Put the fish stuffed with vegetables in a baking bag, tightly tied on the tail.
• Cook in boiling water covered for half an hour.
• After cooking, cut open the bag to remove the whole fish.

Fish prepared according to this recipe is well suited both as a separate dish and in combination with stewed vegetables.

In this section, I will post different fish recipes for kids. And to begin with, I’ll write a little about how useful fish is in.

Fish is useful for children in terms of its nutritional value, it is in no way inferior to meat, its protein is just as complete, and even better absorbed by the body by 95-98%, since fish contains less connective tissue than meat. In meat, it is absorbed only by 87-89%. The fish pulp contains a lot of B vitamins, which strengthen the immune system and support the metabolism of the child, their content is identical to that of meat. But vitamins A, which is necessary for vision and D, which ensures bone growth, are much more in fish. Fish is superior to meat products, of course, in the content of minerals - iodine, which is necessary for the full mental and neuromuscular development of the child, and fluorine, which is involved in the formation of tooth enamel and is responsible for the development of the skeletal system. The fish contains a sufficient amount of phosphorus - "food" for the mind, iron - for the prevention of anemia, other equally important minerals - potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, sodium. It is also very important to remember the value of fish oil. Fish oils, especially marine fish, are high in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are indispensable for the body, that is, they are not reproduced by the human body and must be supplied with food. They are needed for the health of the heart muscle and blood vessels, the functioning of the brain, the regulation of metabolism, protection against allergies, the fight against inflammatory reactions, the functioning of the immune system, and the absorption of some vitamins. Therefore it is very important that fish was on the child's menu.

Now that we figured out how useful fish for kids, let's move on to the question of when you can give your child fish.

Although fish is such a useful product, it has one drawback - it is very allergenic. Therefore, do not rush to introduce a child to a year of fish. Of course, be sure to check with your pediatrician when to introduce fish to your baby. My doctor recommended to enter from 10-11 months, my daughters are not prone to allergies. Our input went well and my daughters are very fond of fish cooked in any form. Therefore, even if your baby is not prone to allergies, do not introduce fish earlier than 10 months, but preferably closer to 1 year.

For the first time, like any other food, give fish in the morning, preferably for lunch, start with half a teaspoon, monitor the allergic reaction (rash, diarrhea, etc.). If the child is not allergic to fish, gradually bring the amount of fish to normal.

In a year, the norm of fish is 60 -70 g per reception. At 1.5 years, you can give 85 - 90 g. And after two, 100 g per day. It is better to give once a week at first. Later can be increased to twice a week. In a year it is better not to give fish and meat on the same day. Later, you can already give fish and meat on the same day, but at different meals, in which case the number of servings of meat and fish is slightly reduced compared to the norm. Although we still have (and our youngest daughter is over 2 years old) two days of fish, and the rest of the meat, we do not combine.

Now let's figure out what kind of fish you can give your child. When introducing, it is better to start with fish of low-fat varieties of silver carp, hake, cod, telapia, pollock, pollock, pike perch, flounder, sea bream. They contain up to 4% fat. And they are less allergenic. Later, you can introduce the child to fish of moderate fat content (8%) - carp, perch, catfish, pink salmon, chum salmon. Fatty fish (20% fat) - mackerel, halibut, salmon, salmon, sturgeon, trout, mullet can be given to a child from three years old. Another very important question is how bony the fish is. Choose fish very carefully according to this indicator.

Also, not earlier than three years, seafood and caviar can be introduced into baby food, because they have the greatest allergenicity.

Well, it remains to sort out the question of how to cook fish for a child. Of course, for starters, it’s better to just steam a piece of fish, or boil it, check if there are no bones, grind it with a blender along with boiled vegetables that the baby eats, or knead the fish with a fork if the baby already chews well. And when the baby gets used to the taste of fish, you can already cook fish cakes, meatballs, meatballs, casseroles, soufflés, etc.

Your little one has grown up a little and is starting to learn the taste of the new foods you offer him. Starting from 9 or 10 months, you can include in the diet and, which is so rich in minerals, amino acids and, naturally, proteins, which are very useful for a growing child's body. But parents should know how much and what kind of fish can be given to a child.

As you know, fish is divided into fatty, lean and medium fat.. So, it is necessary to start introducing the baby to this product with low-fat varieties of fish. These include:

• pollock,
• sea ​​bass,
• flounder,
• zander,
• cod.

With varieties of medium fat content ( catfish, perch, trout, carp) you can introduce the child a little later.

But with pink salmon, sturgeon, halibut, mackerel and herring(fatty varieties) acquaintance should be postponed until at least three years of age.

Give the baby fish should be very careful, because this product is quite often the cause of allergies, most of all it concerns kids with allergies. Allergies can be caused not by the fish itself, but by the substances contained in it. Therefore, if a negative reaction is noticed, then it is better to postpone the acquaintance to a later date. It is precisely because of the high degree of allergenicity of red fish (chum salmon, salmon, salmon, etc.) that one should also not rush to introduce it into the baby's diet.

To feed the child, you should buy fresh fish, but if this is not possible, then fresh-frozen will do. When buying, pay attention to the condition of the product, if the fish is wrapped in a rather large water shell, then it is better to refuse such a purchase, for sure the fish has been frozen several times, and there is nothing useful left in it.

Having studied what kind of fish can be given to a child, let's proceed to the issue of cooking.

When preparing fish, parents should be careful and accurate. The main rule is the absence of bones in the fish. I think the danger of a bone that has fallen into the throat of a child, parents can imagine. To do this, you can choose not very bony varieties of fish, or fish with large bones, or generally give preference to fillets. But in any case, check the absence of bones should be very vigilant.

In order for the fish to retain most of the nutrients, it is better to defrost it in salted water.. Fish can be stewed or steamed, and be sure to mash with a fork until mashed. A one-year-old child can already have boiled, baked or fried fish, and these can already be separate small pieces.

And finally, let's talk about the number. You need to start introducing your baby to fish products with half a teaspoon, but not more than once a week. The portion should be increased gradually and it can already be 60-70 grams. In the period from one to two years, the portion can reach up to 100 grams and can be given twice a week.

Fish for children under one year old, and in principle at any age, is a valuable and healthy food product. Along with meat, it acts as a source of complete animal protein, which includes amino acids that are not produced in our body. But these substances are very important, especially for a growing man, because they are involved in the construction of new tissues and cells, the synthesis of antibodies, and also protect your child from viruses and microorganisms, hormones and enzymes. Moreover, the "sea" protein is faster absorbed and easier to digest than the "meat". And for the first time, fish is introduced, like meat, into. But its main differences from the “colleague” are its low calorie content and delicate structure: it lacks refractory fats and connective tissue (films, coarse fibers), which are very difficult for the fragile enzyme system of the baby to cope with.

To answer this question, we first understand what it is. There are three categories based on fat content.

The first includes “skinny” species (no more than 4% fat) - silver hake, haddock, pollock, river perch, pike perch, pollock, navaga.

Finally, “fat” (more than 8% fat) are stellate sturgeon, sturgeon, pink salmon, chum salmon, halibut, saury, mackerel, fatty herring.

Thus, a fish for an 8-month-old child is shown to be skinny or, in extreme cases, moderately fatty. And when your child grows up, you can move on to the third category.

If you doubt that fish is important and necessary for children under one year old, remember that the above-mentioned polyunsaturated fatty acids that it contains not only participate in the regulation of metabolism (calcium, potassium, zinc, sodium are responsible for this, in particular). and magnesium). They have a positive effect on the nervous and cardiovascular systems of the baby. Stimulate the intellect and improve brain activity.

This marine food is especially important for bottle-fed babies. And, of course, all crumbs really need A and D, E and B2, B12 and PP, as well as phosphorus, fluorine and other trace elements.

By the way, fluorine takes part in the formation of tooth enamel. Phosphorus - in the development of the bone system and brain. Iron (although there is much more of it in meat) is needed to prevent anemia.

And the inhabitants of the deep sea are unique sources of iodine (it is needed for the formation of thyroid hormones) and bromine.

When choosing which fish to give to a child, it is important to consider the very form of its preparation. The fact is that it contains extractive substances - creatine, carnosine, purine bases, etc. During the cooking process, they turn into a decoction, giving the broth a specific taste and stimulating gastric secretion. Therefore, they are included in the diet of children with reduced appetite.

But such stimulation can also lead to excessive strain on the digestive glands. Therefore, such broths can be introduced only after three years.

This rule is also true for other seafood, including caviar.

Subscribe to Feed Your Baby on YouTube!

Canned fish: what can children under one year old?

Many nutritionists and pediatricians advise giving infants specialized canned food. They are easy to prepare (they just need to be warmed up), which saves mommy time and effort. And it is also guaranteed safe and complete nutrition for the little one.

But it is advisable to purchase complementary foods for babies in glass jars. And, of course, you should carefully study the label (expiration date, composition, etc.)

Usually, vegetables and (or) cereals are added to canned fish in order to additionally saturate them with important nutrients. The share of such "additives" ranges from 50 to 90%. And the combined and well-balanced dish itself is better absorbed, and babies like it more.

The vegetable composition in such a puree may include potatoes, zucchini, carrots, cauliflower or white cabbage, pumpkin, beans, green peas, onions. And as a cereal, as a rule, rice, pearl barley, semolina, oats and corn are used.

Also, canned fish products contain a small amount of fish oil and vegetable oil (corn, sunflower, olive, rapeseed or soybean). Sometimes animal fats in the form of butter are added to the “jar”. And to improve the taste - extracts of parsley and dill, tomato paste. A uniform and even consistency is achieved by adding corn or rice starch.

What fish to start with?

If the puree contains oil (butter, vegetable), then, of course, it should not be added to the dish additionally.

For the first acquaintance with seafood, it is necessary to take puree-like canned food, oriented to and older. Older children (up to 12 months) are offered already coarsely ground product. And from one to one and a half years - canned food with pieces.

If you prefer homemade canned products, be sure to follow the rules of heat treatment and storage: not only the nutritional value, but also the safety of the dish depends on this.

When deciding which fish to start feeding with, you should also think about the presence of salt in it. The latter is sometimes added to canned fish (of course, in small quantities), but most often manufacturers do without it.

In principle, babies are more likely to eat salted than unleavened food, since this additive enhances the perception of taste by acting on the tongue. It also improves digestion, promotes the efficient breakdown of food by saliva.

But peanuts up to 3 years old do not need salt in the diet. Moreover, it is naturally found in waterfowl, especially if you cook them by stewing, in a pressure cooker or steamed. And when cooking, you can salt the water a little.

For the first feeding, you need to choose low-fat and not red fish. It is better to take the sea - it is less allergenic, and there are more useful microelements in it. We are talking about species such as hake, cod, flounder, haddock. And from the river trout, pike perch and silver carp are suitable.

In any case, you can not introduce a new product if the baby is unwell, in the heat, and also after a preventive vaccination.

Fish soufflé video recipe

How and when to give a child fish?

This applies even to babies who are not prone to allergic reactions, since almost all seafood is highly allergenic. Moreover, the body of your child may react in an undesirable way not only in principle to, but also to a certain type of fish.

If mom, dad or the oldest child in the family has such an allergy, the time when you can give your child fish shifts from 8 to 12 months.

Fish food is offered to the baby before breastfeeding or formula (when he is more prone to eating) and before lunch, in order to observe the reaction of his body throughout the day. In the process of eating, the little one should sit, and the new dish itself should be warm.

You need to start, as always, with half or even a quarter of a teaspoon. You can give a new product in its pure form, but it is better to mix it with a dish already familiar to the little one - porridge or vegetable puree.

Our next main task is observation. For the general condition of the baby, for his skin, stool. If all is well, increase the dose to a teaspoon. And then for 7-10 days - up to the daily norm corresponding to age. For 8 months, this is 5-30 grams (if fish and vegetable puree, then 50-100 grams).