Hello friends. With you Yuri Okunev.
Question from life. Your child comes home from school, does his homework, brings you to check. And then you find that:
- Something is missing in the solved problem - two actions, three numbers and one answer. You look into the draft, you see an exemplary correct solution, everything seems to be in place;
- The grades in the notebook have a certain geometric pattern: after the three comes the five, after the five the three (as an option: after the two the five and so on).
Is the situation familiar? Those who said "no" can only be envied. Discuss with others today effective method dealing with the problem: exercises for developing the attention of younger students.
In the first grade, our fidget still cannot gather his will into a fist and work.
Well, how do you get together if a fat fly is crawling on the windowsill, and the neighbor in front of you has a big white bow, which you just want to pull! And you have to work: if you don’t understand the material, you will get a deuce in your diary, or “a cloud with rain”.
A child of 7-8 years old is characterized by instability of attention and rapid fatigue. He is not able to do one thing for more than 30-35 minutes, he is often distracted by trifles. The more monotonous the activity, the more difficult it is for a first-grader. It is easier to solve the problem under an asterisk, but interesting. It is also difficult to switch from one occupation to another. Say, solve a problem and say its solution out loud.
By the end of the period of study in the primary grades, voluntary attention and the habit of working for a long time and with full dedication, that is, stability of attention, should be developed. I foresee someone's sigh of relief: well, the child will grow up and take up his mind, he will carry fives. Do not hope that everything will come by itself. Will not come, and there will be no freebies! No teacher will do your job!
Everything comes with training
Using the tasks given in this article to develop attention in elementary school students, you will achieve visible results after a month of systematic training. Practice for half an hour a day, stick to a certain schedule, be demanding but patient.
- Conduct a lesson in game form;
- Praise the child, notice his every achievement;
- Alternate tasks, thereby stimulating interest;
- Set a specific goal and achieve it.
Exercises for training attention are divided into 3 sections.
Concentration of attention
Concentration of attention is the ability of a student to fully concentrate on solving a problem.
- "Letter from an Aboriginal". A card with a set of letters of the Russian alphabet is laid out in front of the child. This set contains encrypted words. The child must find them.
AVROGAZETAATMNIVSLShKDOMRVMCHEVNGMSh
SHAONSRVIKEYURINSVLGMLGSTIMSPACKETD
AVMLBERYOZAVLNGSTRYICHENSSCKNIGAMSHVAL
WONGARSIYPCHLSCHATCATASPPRINGAUUKYMCHSYA
ZVNKPENALVAXSHNMTVLDCHBYUVNLESVNAOSTV
- Cross out all the letters "B" and circle all the letters "E"
- Walking through the labyrinths(lay a path from one point to another). There are two difficulty options in this developing task.
Lightweight (no crossovers)
Increased complexity (with intersections) 
- "Draw a picture". This task builds perseverance
- Piano game. The number of people from 3 or more (the more, the more interesting). Children like this game very much. Everyone sits on chairs in one row. Hands are placed on each other's knees. You need to take turns clapping on the knee of a neighbor, observing a given pace. The last person in the row claps 2 times and the game goes to reverse side. The one who fails or misses the clap is out of the game.
Distribution of attention
This is the ability to engage in 2-3 activities at the same time.
- "Julius Caesar". To do one action with one hand, the other - another at the same time and without straying:
a) draw a circle with one hand, a square with the other;
b) transfer peas from plate to plate with one hand, and leaf through the book with the other hand, etc.; - "Pair account". We count 1, 30, 2, 29, 3, 28 and so on;
"Counting Elements".The child is offered a card. It is required to count in this order: the first square, the first circle, the first triangle, the second circle, the second triangle, etc. 
- In turn, we show the student 4 cards with geometric shapes, each time calling a number from 1 to 9. Then, from memory, let him draw all the numbers and shapes, observing the same order.
attention span
- City game. An adult calls the name of the city, for example, PENZA. The child repeats and adds another city: PENZA-MINSK. Adult PENZA-MINSK-MOSCOW and so on, until someone goes astray;
- "Detectives". Game task, very exciting and useful. In a group of children in the amount of 3-6 people, a driver (Detective) is selected, who carefully examines everyone, remembers the details. Then he leaves the room, and the rest try to change 5 details in their appearance. The detective enters, his task is to find all the changes.
Wikium simulator for younger students
One of the reasons for the sharp deterioration in attention in the lower grades is the craze computer games. This leads to distraction and transition to clip consciousness. The brain stops remembering, analyzing - it just “stupidly” accepts pictures in order to immediately forget them. Try asking your child to learn a poem or a rule after two hours of playing on a tablet - it will take a lot of time.
How to be? Of course, you can ban the game, but I will say that there is a better option. You will kill two birds with one stone! Suggest to your son or daughter instead of another shooting game simulator for brain development and attention correction Wikium. The child will definitely be carried away, the toy is very interesting, and also developing.
Wikium techniques were developed by Russian scientists in such a way as to act on a subconscious level, activating the brain. And the longer the child plays, the more his brain will work and develop. The results are noticeable within a week. blog is already dedicated to the Wikium service. Everything is described in detail. I recommend.
Allow me to bow out on this. If the article was useful, recommend it to your friends and acquaintances. Subscribe to blog news. Waiting for comments. Bye!
Yours, Yuri Okunev.
The game "Deciphering the words"
Target: development of attention, memory, thinking.
Description. Children receive cards. It is required, using the code, to decipher the words. To do this, you must first solve the division example. The received answer is found in the code table. Write the letter corresponding to this number on a card, etc. If the examples are solved correctly, then it will be possible to read the resulting word.
Option 1
Card 1
Answer: field.
Card 2
Answer: tire.
Card 3
|
Answer: revenge. Card 4 |
|||||
Answer: width.
Card 5
Answer: vein.
Option 2
Card 1
Answer: pir.
Card 2
Answer: couple.
Card 3
Answer: pitching.
Card 4
Answer: brick.
Card 5
Answer: vaccination.
Option 3
Card 1
Answer: slave.
Card 2
Answer: porridge.
Card 3
Answer: skin.
Card 4
Answer: grandmother.
Card 5
Answer: shell.
Game "What's Right?"
Target: development of a sense of rhyme.
Description. Children listen to a poem by I. Selvinsky, and then, following the model, compose similar couplets with other words, for example: “cake”, “girlfriend”, “ice cream”, “pillow” (or: “picture”, “sofa”, “car”, "cup").
WHAT IS RIGHT?
Buckwheat in a felt boot, a stove on a mound?
Boots in buckwheat, a mound in the stove?
Buckwheat in the oven, felt boots on the mound?
Felt boots in the oven, buckwheat on the mound?
I. Selvinsky
Examples.
WHAT IS RIGHT?
Cake on the pillow, ice cream at the girlfriend?
Pillow on cake, girlfriend on ice cream?
Cake at the girlfriend, ice cream on the pillow?
Pillow on girlfriend, cake on ice cream?
WHAT IS RIGHT?
A painting on the couch, a car in a glass?
A sofa above the picture, a glass above the car?
The picture is under the glass, the car is under the sofa?
A glass behind a picture, a sofa in a car?
The game "Answer soon!"
Target: development of attention, thinking, speed of reaction.
Description. The teacher asks the children to concentrate. At a fairly fast pace, he asks the children questions, to which they must answer in unison with the words “yes” or “no” at the same pace.
WHO LIVES IN THE ZOO?
Are zebras striped? Are lions mustachioed?
Huge gray elephant? Pechkin postman?
Is the crocodile toothy? Grey Wolf fanged?
Red fox? Nimble marten?
Is a fat hippopotamus really a belly ball?
Ruddy bun? The Golden Cockerel?
Dingo - wild dog? Long-tailed macaque?
Are snakes poisonous? Are tigers angry?
Shapoklyak old woman? Grandma Yagushka?
Swamp kikimora? Is the turtle carefree?
WHAT IS SOLD IN THE TOY STORE?
Talking dolls? Are the frogs real?
Clockwork machines? False nails?
Silver rackets? Chocolates?
Fascinating kaleidoscope?
Professional microscope?
Teddy bears? Funny monkeys?
Aspirin tablets? Rag midshipman?
Plastic puppy? Wool scarf?
Paper clowns? Are robots important?
Metal constructor?
Is the steam locomotive electric?
In a cap of parsley? Cheesecake with cottage cheese?
Wooden rocking pit? Tin soldier?
Board game? Floor vase?
WHAT IS SOLD AT THE FRUITS - VEGETABLES SHOP?
Orange Orange? Fragrant tangerine?
Striped watermelon? Is the bear clumsy?
Is the melon golden? Is the pear fragrant?
Green cucumbers? Transparent lollipops?
Are pineapples sweet? Are nectarines smooth?
Soft sofas? Faceted glasses?
Are grapefruits bitter? Are plums sour?
Are the apples ripe? Are snowflakes white?
Teaspoons? Rubber boots?
Cherries are dark red? Are peaches great?
Are the tomatoes meaty? Silver cars?
Lie to your parents? Squabble with the teacher?
Sneak and make faces? Do sports?
Respect elders? Don't hurt animals?
Protect kids? Help comrades?
Loyal friendship? Live peacefully with everyone?
Take good care of your health?
Run around the corridors during breaks?
Love your homeland? Kind, sensitive to be?
Perform charging? Execute orders?
To play games honestly? Tearing flowers in bunches?
Not doing homework? Skip lessons?
Try to study for "five"? Play with matches?
Mastering bad habits?
Shoot sparrows with a slingshot?
Textbooks to crush and tear? Throwing bread in the canteen?
Calling rude words?
Do you answer confidently at the blackboard?
And to be silent when it is necessary to be silent?
WHO IS THE HERO OF RUSSIAN FOLK TALES?
Baba Yaga, bone leg? A hare whose hut is icy?
Matroskin, a practical cat? Stranger cute?
Shy Alyonushka? Working Cinderella?
Koschey the Immortal evil? Emelya, a wonderful guy?
Pinocchio, mischievous boy? Puss in Boots, rogue?
Frog frog? Mouse-norushka?
Gingerbread man, fried barrel? Winnie the Pooh and Piglet?
Hottabych, an old man with a beard? Goby Tar Barrel?
Patrikeevna Lisa? Snow Maiden, winter beauty?
Wise Vasilisa? Malvina, beautiful actress?
Game "Really?"
Target: development of attention, thinking.
Description. The teacher warns the children to be careful, then reads the lines below. If the children suspect some kind of trick, that is, they doubt the correctness of the statement, then they ask in chorus: “Really?”, After which they explain what they see as a mistake.
I will prepare cutlets from jam and sweets.
Out of the hole - look quickly! Three bears came out.
A deer sits on a bitch, looks in all directions.
As you know, tomatoes grow on the fence.
In the spring, the rook is not too lazy to catch frogs all day long.
Before you go to bed, you need to read a book.
They say that a fisherman sees a fisherman even from afar.
Autumn comes again, it brings us a harvest.
Sunday, as always, will be followed by Wednesday again.
Bears live in a den, as do rhinos.
If the buds have hatched, it means that soon there will be leaves.
Didn't you know that dogs have been in space?!
Whoever learns to smoke will harm his health.
The owl flies only during the day and sleeps deeply at night.
If you want - believe, if you want - check, a frog is not an animal.
I love sweets very much, because they are sweet!
Who does the exercises - strengthens his health.
Every student knows for sure that kefir is a dairy product.
Who argues and snaps, he is called a rude.
Pine needles are shorter than Christmas trees.
Who misses lessons, he gets "five".
If the roof leaks, then the apartment is flooded.
The knife cuts potatoes and meat, beets, fish and butter.
Everyone knows that the starling is a wonderful singer.
The snail crawls slowly, carrying its house on itself.
After October, September will come and bring us leaf fall.
The game "We train the visual numbness"
Target: development of attention, visual memory.
Description. The teacher demonstrates the table within 5-15 seconds (depending on the degree of preparedness of the class).
A task: remember the location of the signs, and then sketch them in the cells of pre-prepared empty tables (in a notebook).
The game "Stomp - clap"
Target: development of attention, thinking, speed of reaction. Description. At a fairly fast pace, the teacher reads the phrase. If the children agree with her, then they should clap their hands, if they do not agree, then stomp their feet.
People only work during the day and sleep at night.
A bee and a bumblebee are one and the same.
Leaf fall occurs in spring.
. "The Fox and the Crane" - a fairy tale by K. Ushinsky.
The elephant has a trunk.
Haymaking happens in summer.
In animals, the body is covered with hair.
One meter is one hundred centimeters.
One ruble is less than one hundred kopecks.
The chicken cackles.
The coldest time of the year is winter.
A square and a rectangle are quadrilaterals.
Yuri Gagarin was the first person in space.
Emerald is a stone.
Birds are animals.
Goats have rich milk.
Cranberries are harvested in summer.
All insects have six legs.
The busiest time of the year is autumn.
The rooster lays eggs.
The longest holidays are summer.
The alphabet and alphabet are one and the same.
The cow has hooves.
A bud is an unopened flower.
A tree has a trunk, and herbaceous plants have a stem.
The rainiest time of the year is summer.
Blinds are curtains.
The bear wakes up after hibernation in the spring.
Beef is the meat of a cow.
The sun is a star.
Donkey and donkey are one and the same.
The cuckoo throws eggs into other people's nests.
Birch is a tree with white bark.
There is a proverb: chickens are counted in the fall.
There are ten toes on the feet.
A horseshoe is found on horses' hooves.
Santa Claus walks in a red or green suit.
The seller is a profession.
Oak is a long-lived tree.
Teremok was destroyed by a wolf.
The ladder is a ladder.
The Moon is the Earth's satellite.
UFO stands for: unidentified flying object.
Selection of exercises for the development of concentration and self-control
"Correction test" : the essence of the technique is that the child is offered to find and cross out certain letters in the printed text. Newspaper clippings, old unwanted books, etc. can be used as material. Conditions for conducting: daily for 5 minutes. at least 5 times a week for 2-4 months.
Conducting rules:
The game is held in a friendly atmosphere, children can be additionally interested, find out in advance who they want to be, say that this training will help them become good drivers, doctors, etc.
Losing shouldn't make you feel bad.
The amount of text viewed does not matter and can be different for different children: from 3-4 sentences to several paragraphs.
As you master the game, the rules become more complicated: the letters being searched for change, they are crossed out in different ways, 2 letters are searched for at the same time, one is crossed out, the other is underlined (syllables, circles, tick marks, etc.)
Option: underline in each line the letter that comes first:
to tro to nt kk jube to uy to ayvya
mitch m R m ohe m t m ychf m c
Another option: first we underline one letter (C), and cross out the other (O), then on the command “Attention!” a line is drawn and the second part of the work begins: C - now we cross out, and O - we emphasize:
A golden flower grew, It became round and fluffy. ("Attention!" Sasha will blow, laugh, Pooh will fly in the wind.
A similar exercise can be done on educational material by offering students a grammatical analysis of several texts. In the text, it is necessary to underline nouns with one line, and adjectives - with two lines. Then, at the command "Attention!" - on the contrary, nouns - two lines, and adjectives - one.
Based on the results of the work, the number of gaps and incorrectly crossed out letters is counted. The indicator of normal concentration of attention of younger schoolchildren at first is 4 or fewer gaps, more than 4 - weak concentration. Checking can take place as follows: first, this role is assigned to the teacher, and later to the classmate. Winners can, for example, receive a token, at the end of the week the number of tokens is counted, the best one can be rewarded. If such exercises are carried out regularly for 2-4 months, then the number of errors in the written work of students is reduced by about 2-3 times.
Exercises for concentration and stability of attention
a) copiers: students are invited to rewrite the following lines without errors:
Ammadda bereure avvamava essanessas detailata; - etaltarrs usokgata enazhloby klatimori liddozoka; - minotsaprimapavotil shonerkapridyurakeda kuftiroladzloekunm
b) Munsterberg test: words are hidden among the letter row
Options:
The words that are hidden are in italics:
B SUN DEC HEAT EYZY FISH YC
Among the letters, find dictionary words and correct mistakes:
SCH RIBINA FHZ DIREVNYA UYE APARTMENT LBO CORTINA
Among the letters, find and underline the words, find the extra word:
ZhE DOG AT COW LD BOAR EYTSY HORSE
Separate words from each other in a continuous text and write down a saying (you can add a grammar task related to the topic of the lesson - for example, determine the tense of verbs, declension of nouns, etc.)
THE SUBJECT STONE DOES NOT FLOW / Under the lying stone, water does not flow. /
b) "Encryption"
Decipher the words, find the extra:
IAKBNI / Bianki / KVASLADO / Sladkov / URCHSHINA / Charushin / KOVILR / Krylov /
c) "Coding" words using numbers. Each letter has its own number.
For example: encrypt the words METRO, CAKE.
N M E T R A L O S
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 23458 , 4854
Replace them with the sum of bit terms;
Name the total number of hundreds, tens, etc. ;
Find out how much the first number is greater than the second.
Listening exercises
These are arithmetic dictations that are well known to us, but the meaning of the exercise is that each task consists of several actions. The teacher can give such an instruction: “Now I will read arithmetic problems to you. You must solve them in your mind. The numbers you receive also need to be kept in mind. Write down the results of the calculations only when I say: “Write!”. The very content of the tasks depends on the age of the children, their readiness and program material. For example:
Grade 1 - Two numbers are given 6 and 3. Add these numbers, subtract 2 from the resulting number, then another 4. Write. /answer 3/
Grade 2 - Given two numbers 15 and 23. Add the first digit of the second number to the first digit of the first number, subtract 2 from the resulting number, and now add 4. Write. /answer 5/
Grade 3 - Two numbers are given 27 and 32. Multiply the 1st digit of the second number by the 1st digit of the first number and subtract the second digit of the number from the resulting product. Write. /answer 4/
Grade 4 - Two numbers are given 54 and 26. Add the second digit of the second number to the second digit of the first number and divide the resulting amount by the first digit of the second number. Write /5/
Exercises to increase the level of distribution of attention(ability to perform several actions at the same time)
The sentence is read aloud to the children. Reading is accompanied by a soft tapping of a pencil on the table. Children must memorize the text and count the number of strokes.
The child draws circles in a notebook and at the same time counts the claps with which the teacher accompanies the drawing. The execution time is 1 minute. The number of laps and the counted number of strokes are counted. The more circles are drawn and the claps are counted correctly, the higher the score.
- “Counting with interference”: the child calls numbers from 1 to 20, while writing this sequence on a piece of paper or board, but in reverse order: pronounces 1, writes 20, pronounces 2, writes 19, etc. Then the execution time is calculated and the number of errors.
Functional exercise "My triangular cap"(old game). Target: development of concentration of attention and motor control, elimination of impulsivity. Participants sit in a circle. Everyone in turn, starting with the leader, pronounce one word from the phrase:"My triangular cap, My triangular cap. And if not triangular, Then this is not my cap." Then the phrase is repeated, but the children who fall out to say the word "cap" replace it with a gesture (a light clap on the head with the palm of their hand). Then the phrase is repeated once more, but two words are replaced with gestures: the word "cap" (a light clap on the head with the palm of your hand) and "my" (point to yourself). When repeating the phrase for the third time, three words are replaced by gestures: "cap", "mine" and "triangular" (image of a triangle with hands).
. Looking up at the sky. The subjects are asked to go to the window and look at the sky, focus their eyes on the sky (not on a point, but on the entire visible volume), examining it. You can just look (admire), you can describe what you see. Runtime 2 minutes. After the end of the exercise - discussion. It is important that the exercise is enjoyable. Because even a simple viewing (admiring) of the sky is an expansion of the scope of attention.
"Find differences"
Tasks of this type require the ability to highlight the features of objects and phenomena, their details and master the operation of comparison. Systematic and purposeful teaching of comparison to schoolchildren contributes to the development of the skill of timely activation of attention, its inclusion in the regulation of activity.
For comparison, children can be offered any objects, their images, pictures that differ in a certain number of details.
A game common among the hunting tribes of the Indians
Children are invited to sit quietly for a short time and try to hear all possible noises, guess what they came from (the teacher can specially organize some noises). This game can be played as a competition: who will hear the noises more and guess their origin.
Game "Fly"
This game is also aimed at developing concentration. To carry it out, you will need sheets of paper with a lined nine-cell playing field 3 × 3, chips (chips can be buttons, coins, pebbles).
The game is played for 5-10 minutes, 2-3 times a week, for 1-2 months. It can be played by children from 7 to 17 years old.
The task is done in pairs. Each pair of players is given a sheet with a lined playing field and one chip.
The players are given the following instruction: “Look at a piece of paper with lined cells. This is the playing field. But this chip is a “fly”. "Fly" sat in the middle of the sheet in the middle cell. From here, she can move in any direction. But she can move only when she is given the commands “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, turning away from the playing field. One of you, the one on the left, will turn away and, without looking at the field, will give commands, the other will move the “fly”. You need to try to keep the “fly” on the field for 5 minutes and not let it “fly away” (leave the playing field). Then the partners switch roles. If the “fly” “flies away” earlier, then the exchange of roles will occur earlier. All clear?"
The complication of the game is due to the fact that the players are united in threes. Two take turns giving commands, trying to keep the “fly” on the field. The third controls her "flight". The one whose “fly” “flies away” before the agreed time gives way to the controller. If everyone fits in the allotted time, then they change roles in turn.
The game "Search non-stop"
Within 10-15 seconds, see as many objects of the same color (or the same size, shape, material, etc.) around you. At the signal of the teacher, one child begins the enumeration, the others complete it.
In the mirror shop
Purpose: development of observation, attention, memory. Creating a positive emotional background. Formation of a sense of confidence, as well as the ability to obey the requirements of another person. Description. An adult (and then a child) shows the movements that all players must repeat after him exactly.
Instruction: “Now I will tell you a story about a monkey. Imagine that you are in a store with a lot of large mirrors. A man walked in with a monkey on his shoulder. She saw herself in the mirrors and thought that these were other monkeys, and began to make faces at them. The monkeys in response made her exactly the same faces. She shook her fist at them, and they threatened her from the mirrors. She stamped her foot, and all the monkeys stamped. Whatever the monkey did, everyone else exactly repeated its movements. We start playing. I will be the monkey and you will be the mirrors.”
Note. At the stage of mastering the game, the role of the monkey is played by an adult. Then the children get the role of a monkey. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that over time each child can fulfill this role. It is necessary to stop the game at the peak of children's interest, avoiding satiety, turning into pampering. Those “mirrors” that often make mistakes can drop out of the game (this increases the motivation to play).
Hear the command
Purpose: development of voluntary attention. Required material: tape or gramophone record of R. Gazizov "March".
Description. Each child must perform movements in accordance with the commands of an adult, uttered in a whisper. Commands are given only to perform calm movements. The game is played as long as the players listen well and accurately perform the task. Instruction: “We will play the game “Listen to the command”. To do this, you need to stand in a circle one after another and move step by step to the music. When the sounds of music stop, you need to stop and listen carefully to me. At this time, I will whisper a command, such as "raise your hands", and all players must follow this command. Be careful!" Note. Command examples: sit down; lean forward and stretch your arms forward; bend right leg at the knee, spread your arms to the sides; sit on the floor and grab your knees with both hands, etc.
Games, tasks and exercises aimed at developing sensory attention
Exclusion of superfluous
Purpose: development of thinking and volume of attention.
Equipment: a card with the image of objects, one of which
different from the rest.
Description. The child is asked to find out of the five shown in the figure
items one that is different from the others, and explain your choice.
Instruction: “Look carefully at the objects depicted here and
find among them one that is different from the rest. show me
found object and explain why it is not like the others. Get started
Find differences
Purpose: development of voluntary attention, switching and distribution of attention.
Equipment card with two pictures that have differences. Description:
The child is offered:
a) a series of pictures, two pictures on each card; in each picture you need to find five differences;
b) a card with the image of two pictures), differing from each other in details. It is necessary to find all the existing differences.
Instruction; “Look closely at this card. It depicts
two pictures that differ from each other in various details.
You need to quickly find all the differences. Start looking."
Drawing by cells
Purpose: development of concentration and volume of attention, the formation of skills
follow the pattern, the development of intermotor skills of the hand.
Equipment: a clean sheet of paper in a large cage (1x1 cm); sample for
drawing; sharpened pencils.
Description. The child is asked to draw a figure on the
a clean sheet in a cage with a simple pencil. The task is two
difficulty level:
1st level of complexity - the sample consists of open figures;
2nd level of complexity - the sample consists of closed figures.
Instructions: “Look carefully at the picture. It depicts
a figure made up of lines. Draw exactly the same figure in the cells
on a clean sheet. Be careful!"
Note. Do not use a pen or felt-tip pen for drawing.
Who is the hunter afraid of?
Purpose: development of the volume and stability of attention. Equipment: drawing with
the image of the forest, animals and the hunter.
Description. The child is offered a drawing depicting a hunter in the forest.
It is necessary to find the one whom the hunter was afraid of.
Instructions: “Look carefully at the picture. It depicts
hunter running through the forest. He was afraid of someone. Who could be scared
hunter in this forest? Show and explain: - why?
Cow Manya and her owner
Purpose: development of stability of attention.
Equipment: a drawing depicting a labyrinth, a simple pencil.
Description. In the proposed labyrinth, the child must pass the wiggle
line, drawing along it with your finger or the back of a pencil, find
a short path that the mistress could take to her cow
Instructions: “Look carefully at this picture. It depicts
a maze where you need to find a shortcut. Once a cow
Manya got lost - she wandered into a dense forest and did not know how to return home.
She got hungry and started looking for juicy and tasty grass. For what
the hostess should move along the path in order to meet as quickly as possible
find a shadow
Equipment: a drawing depicting a figurine and a shadow cast by it.
Description. The child is offered a drawing depicting a snowman and four
his shadows; knight and his three shadows.
Instructions: “Look at this picture carefully. It depicts
knight and his shadows. It is necessary to find among these shadows his real one.
Compare, name, count
Purpose: development of observation.
Equipment: drawing - fish in an aquarium.
Description. The child is offered a drawing that shows an aquarium with
fish. You need to find two identical fish.
Instructions: “Look at this picture carefully. It depicts an aquarium with fish, two of which are identical. Find them, show them and give an explanation.
Find the heroes of the show
Purpose: development of observation, distribution, switching and volume of attention.
Equipment: pictures depicting the heroes of the children's program - Piggy, Stepashka, Fili, disguised in the picture; simple pencil. Description. The child needs to find and circle the reverse side of a simple pencil for each of the figures of heroes disguised in the drawing. Instructions: “Look carefully at this picture. It disguised the figures of familiar heroes of the children's program: Piggy, Stepashki, Fili, Karkusha. It is necessary to find and trace each of the characters with a finger or the back of a pencil.
Find a track
Purpose: development of voluntary attention.
Equipment: a form with the image of a simple labyrinth, a pencil. Description. The child must go through the winding line of the labyrinth, drawing along it with a finger or the back end of a pencil. |
Instruction: “Look at this picture, it shows a labyrinth. It is necessary to help Bunny go through this maze and get to the carrot (to the Christmas tree). It is necessary to go through the labyrinth without going beyond the contours of the line, without skipping the loops.
Reproduction of geometric shapes
Purpose: development of voluntary attention, memory, thinking.
Equipment: pencil, blank paper, appropriate size
sample (13x10 cm).
Description. The child is asked to look at different geometric figures,
remember their location so that after 10 seconds from memory
reproduce them on a blank slate.
Instruction: “Look carefully at these geometric shapes and
try to remember their location. After a while I will remove
card, and on a piece of paper you will have to draw the same
geometric shapes, arranging and coloring them as it was on
sample."
Who is more attentive?
Purpose: development of the volume of attention, observation. : Pictures depicting a different number of stars. Description. The child is offered to look at pictures with painted stars for a few seconds and answer (not counting) where the largest (smallest) number of objects is.
Instructions: “Look carefully at the pictures. Here are the stars. Which picture contains the smallest (greatest) number of objects? Explain your choice. Start playing."
Draw faster
Purpose: to develop the ability to switch attention.
Equipment: a simple well-honed pencil, a table with
depicting objects familiar to children line by line.
Description. The child is offered a table with an image line by line
familiar objects and give the task to finish certain missing
details for each item shown.
Instructions: “Look carefully at this picture. Draw for everyone
apple leaf, and in each house a window. Get Started
tasks".
Note. It is necessary to analyze the mistakes made together with
child to avoid repeating the same mistakes in the future.
Draw a circle and a triangle
Goal: training the distribution of attention.
Equipment: two simple sharpened pencils (2M) and 1/2 each
landscape sheet (format A-4 size, 20x14.5 cm) for each child.
Description. The child must draw with both hands at the same time, on one,
sheet: circle - with one hand, triangle - with the other hand (and start
and finish drawing both figures at the same time).
Instructions: “Now you will draw with both hands at once. take two
pencil. On a separate sheet of paper, try to draw at the same time
One hand is a circle and the other is a triangle. It doesn't matter which hand, which
figure you will draw. Do as you please! But just remember that
you need to start and finish drawing both figures at the same time.
Note. Exercise can be used as an individual
work, as well as in groups.
"Listen to the pops!"
The purpose of the game. Development of active attention. Game procedure. Children move freely in a line or walk in a circle. When the facilitator claps his hands a certain number of times, the children take the appropriate posture (for 10-20 seconds.)
clap - stork pose (the child stands on one leg, tucking the other;
cotton-frog pose (squat, heels together, socks apart and knees to the sides, hands between legs on the floor).
cotton - children resume movement (walking). Notes:
Before the start of the game, it is recommended to “learn” each pose and rehearse: claps-pose. It is desirable that children move freely in games, without rationing. To do this, play activities should be carried out in a large room (hall) and on a carpet, rug. The distance between children should be approximately 0.5m. If the room is small, "invite the children to move in a circle.
Each intended game is "scrolled" several times with different tasks, participants. The total duration of the game is 25 minutes.
"Canon" (25 min.)
The purpose of the game. Development of volitional (voluntary) attention. Game procedure. Music sounds. (“Cavalcade” by F. Burgmüller or any other, but with well-accented measures. It is necessary to choose such music in which the accents are placed on the first percussive sound of the measure) Children stand one after another in a circle. On the first measure, the first child raises his hand. On the second - the second, on the third - the third, etc. When all the children raise their right hand, they also begin to raise in order left hand. After all the children raise their left hand, they begin to raise their right hand again one after another.
Gawkers (25 min.)
Purpose of the game: Development of volitional (voluntary) attention.
Procedure of the game Children walk in a circle, one after another, holding hands. At the leader’s signal (“Stop!”), they stop, make four claps, turn 180 degrees and start moving in the other direction. The direction changes after each signal.
If the child is confused and made a mistake, he leaves the game and sits on a chair. The game may end when 2-3 children remain in the game. They are solemnly declared winners, everyone clap.
"Letters of the alphabet" ( 25 min for children who know letters)
Purpose of the game: Development of attention.
Game procedure. Each child is assigned a certain letter of the alphabet. The leader calls the letter, the child who is assigned the letter is one clap.
The child's transition to schooling is a rather complex process. At this moment, memory, thinking, attention are rebuilt. Not enough developed attention schoolchildren today is considered a real problem and causes concern on the part of parents and teachers.
Attention plays an important role in the learning process. Attention is the focus of the subject's consciousness on a particular object. It is thanks to him that children can absorb the necessary information, eliminating the secondary. Younger students have not yet learned to concentrate on a particular object for a long time. Therefore, abstraction, inattention, a small amount of attention and the lack of the ability to distribute it among other subjects are a typical age-related feature of younger students. This can cause distraction, forgetfulness, poor performance in school. The student himself suffers because of his inattention, as it is difficult for him to perceive information and assimilate it, the reason for this is the inability to concentrate. Responsibility for the development of attention in a child falls on the shoulders of not only teachers, but also parents.
Attention is of the following types:
- involuntary (appears spontaneously, without effort);
- arbitrary (conscious focus on the object, requiring volitional efforts);
- post-voluntary (purposeful concentration on an object without much volitional effort).
How to effectively develop attention in younger students
Primary schoolchildren have predominantly developed involuntary attention, so they tend to be often distracted. At the same time, the stability of voluntary attention in them is short-term. For children aged 7-8 years, it is typical to hold voluntary attention for no more than 15 minutes. Pupils of the first and second grades do not yet have the ability to concentrate on work for a long time, especially if it is monotonous and does not arouse any interest in them, so children are easily distracted.
Children of the younger school age must be able to focus on a learning task, maintain concentrated attention on it for a long time, quickly and flexibly switch from one task to another.
Attention can be classified according to the following parameters:
- volume (concentration on several objects at once and keeping them in mind);
- stability (holding information about the subject for a long period);
- concentration (holding information about the subject in short-term memory);
- selectivity (concentration of attention on the desired object);
- distribution (performing several actions at the same time, without errors);
- switchability (switching attention from one subject to another);
- arbitrariness (concentration of attention on demand).
The properties of attention begin to develop in children during preschool age. But with going to school, development does not stop there, but on the contrary, it requires even more constant systematic training. Parents should carefully monitor the development of all the above properties of attention, since the violation of each of them leads to a violation of the child's activity and behavior.
In this article, exercises for concentration of attention and its main properties are selected for children.
Effective Attention Development Exercises for Primary School Children
Special exercises for the development of attention for homework will intensively develop attention and attentiveness in children of primary school age. For the effectiveness of the technique, it is important to follow some rules:
- exercise regularly;
- give classes no more than 15-20 minutes;
- adhere to the sequence in the load (from a simple task to more complex ones).
We picked special exercises which will help the younger student to become more concentrated, assiduous, attentive in the future.
Exercise number 1. Training of distribution and selectivity of attention.
Words are inserted among the proposed set of letters. Invite the child to find them and underline. For example (words in the text are in bold italics):
zk freezing ncl tap
prl a circle zhrvayur heron sh
uvor a cup rtns onion ccpr
about iron sprnk lemon fywa
Exercise number 2. Development of visual memory and attention.
Ask the child to mentally imagine and describe in detail schoolyard, the way home, the classroom is what he sees every day. The exercise will show how observant the child is.
Exercise number 3. Concentration and attention span. The younger student needs to rewrite the following lines without errors, observing the sequence and size of the letters:
IRPNNZHMENC
SHONnGemsZZSH
UEOPNGAECUIODY
MLSHETSUKYOSHZHYYAE
Exercise number 4 will help develop the ability to perform several actions at once.
Read aloud a few sentences from the book. As you read, gently tap your pencil or pen on the table. The child is faced with the task of simultaneously listening to the text and counting the number of hits on the table.
Exercise number 5. The “Edible-Inedible” game, familiar to everyone from childhood, is an excellent method of training the ability to switch attention. Throw a ball to the child and name random objects (edible or inedible). He should catch the ball only when he hears an edible object from you.
Exercise number 6. To develop concentration. Pre-prepare a few pictures by painting them only halfway. Invite your child to color in the rest of the picture exactly as the first one was painted over. Further, the task can be complicated by initially drawing only half of the picture or figure (butterfly, elephant, bird). Let your child draw and then color in the picture.
Exercise number 7 "Guess the word." In confused syllables, the child will have to understand what familiar word they are hiding. For example, markan (pocket), lovk (wolf), potcom (compote). This exercise perfectly develops concentration and distribution of attention.
Exercise number 8 "Remember and draw." Show your child cards with interesting pictures or symbols. Take 1-2 minutes to look at the pictures. Further, armed with a pencil and a landscape sheet, the child needs to draw everything that he remembers. Images on the cards can be of various subjects:
- wildlife (birds, fish, insects, pets);
- flora (trees, flowers, plants);
- household items (furniture, dishes, household appliances);
- symbols (geometric shapes, signs, numbers, letters).
The exercise trains such properties of attention as volume, concentration, arbitrariness.
Exercise number 9. "Underline Letters" The child is given a small fragment of the text in which he needs to find and underline a certain letter (for example, underline all the letters “and” in words). After completing the task, count the number of underlined and ununderlined letters to determine the level of attention of the child. Further, the text size can be gradually increased.
Exercise number 10. "Mismatched Colors". The child is given a card with the names of colors. But they are written in a different color. For example, the word “red” is written in green felt-tip pen, “brown” in yellow. The task of the student is to name the colors in which the words are written, for this it is important to focus on the color of the felt-tip pen, and not on the word itself.
Exercise number 11 for the development of memory and attention. Lay out a small number of completely unrelated objects on the table. It can be a coin, an eraser, a candy, a paper clip, a small toy. After looking at objects for 3-5 seconds, the child should turn away and name them. Over time, you can complicate the task by adding the number of items on the table.
Exercise number 12 "Objects around." Ask the child for 15-20 seconds to name objects according to a certain sign that he sees around him. For example, all objects are black, or square in shape.
Exercise number 13 "Words on the contrary." The child needs to read the following words:
rain timush
teal dog
Porridge tearogdop
Sand gerb
sing icchitp
yiksyam beetle
Exercise number 14. Test for attention according to the Schulte table. Applicable to schoolchildren younger age who know numbers well. Arrange the numbers from 1 to 10 or more (depending on which account the child owns) in a free form, as in the example below.
The task of the child is to find and name the numbers in the table in order. The task should take no more than 1.5 minutes to complete.
Exercise number 15. "Countdown." You can train on the way to school, shop, walking in the park. Ask your child to count backwards from 20 to 0.
The Benefits of Exercise
Parents should remember the purpose for which classes are held, show patience and goodwill towards the baby. Exercises are carried out in a playful way in a friendly atmosphere. Do not get hung up on one task for a long time, otherwise the child will quickly lose interest in the exercises. If a child fails, do not scold him, but on the contrary, motivate him for better results.
The attention exercises that we have offered you have been developed by experienced child psychologists, neuropsychologists and preschool teachers. They devoted many years to their professional activity studying and diagnosing the attention of preschoolers and younger schoolchildren.
Regular exercise with children will help them cope with absent-mindedness, inattention and will positively affect their intellectual development in general.