What awe parents have when their baby begins to babble the first words! But over time, caring mothers and fathers begin to think about how to teach their baby to pronounce words correctly, especially when it comes to the issue of stress placement. How to make the learning process interesting for the child? What are the features of working on pronunciation for young children? Let us consider the theoretical and practical aspects of the problem.
At what age should you practice?
If the child already knows how to write, then training can be built on a graphical analysis of the word
According to the results of studies on the readiness of children to start school, about 75% of all those who are not ready have speech problems. In particular, words are stressed incorrectly.
According to educators and psychologists, it is necessary to deal with the child with the correct formulation of speech from an early age, and not to delay until the start of school and then spend a lot of effort on retraining the baby. Of course, up to 3 years there is no point in systematic pronunciation exercises. After all, at this age, all children speak "their" language. However, by the age of 4, the vocabulary of the crumbs allows you to build complex sentences, the baby begins to actively use and replenish his passive vocabulary, translating it into an active one. From now on, it is worth paying attention to the correct placement of stresses. If you do not deal with the child, then:
- words that are only included in speech will be misunderstood, as a result of which your child is threatened with poor grades due to illiteracy;
- there will be no clear connection between the word and the concept, which will significantly complicate the further intellectual development of the crumbs;
- Difficulty learning to read and write.
Why does a child put stress incorrectly
The main reason is the lack of communication with parents. Or talking to kids in their childish language. The latter is singled out by psychologists and speech therapists as a key obstacle to the development of a child's speech. The fact is that children learn absolutely everything through imitation - imitation of adults. And if you are lisping with your son or daughter, then be prepared for the fact that he will not start speaking correctly without the professional help of a specialist. Therefore, ALWAYS speak to your child correctly, clearly and slowly pronouncing all the words. And, of course, be sure to talk with the baby, up to commenting on your own actions. The sooner you adopt these two principles, the sooner the child will speak correctly.
How to teach?
Be sure to teach your baby to identify the stressed syllable in words
There are several ways to teach your baby the correct stress. Do not limit yourself to just one, it is better to periodically resort to different types classes. So the child will not have a feeling of heavy duty from these lessons, but will remain interested in work.
Games
Try to accompany the word in the way it means
As you know, the game is the main activity in preschool and younger children. school age. Why not take advantage of this feature for learning the placement of stresses? Moreover, these games do not need additional funds, so it is convenient to play them on the road or on a walk.
- "We call the words." Invite the child to take turns calling any surrounding objects by name. For example, "DEEEERevo", "KachEEEEli", "SAAAdik". Choose two or three-syllable words to start, then complicate the task.
- "Names". Very often children make mistakes in names. Therefore, together with the baby, pronounce the names of acquaintances and friends.
- "Decorate words" This game is suitable for those children who already know how to read. Write the words on the cards, invite the child to paint over the shock letter. By the way, this lesson also trains reading skills.
- "We knock with a hammer." Sit next to the child and, pronouncing the words, ask him to knock on his knee with a hammer every syllable, and on the stressed syllable, the knock should be a little stronger than on the rest. Fearing bruises, you can knock on the table.
- "Guess the word". Call the child words with the wrong accent, his task is to correct you and pronounce it correctly.
Rhymes and rhymes
Counting and short rhymes are a great way to remember the stress in words
Rhymed lines do not have to be learned by heart, you can just say complex words. For example:
The painter paints the walls for us.
Shelves makes tableYar.
Like our Martha
All in stripes scarves.
For older children, counting rhymes can be more difficult to choose:
Aty-baty, humpbacked bridge,
singing under the bridge gypsies,
a dancers ran away
cockroach scared them.
Raz shaggy gorilla
crocodile called.
He was not friends with the gorilla,
right away the phone put.
He better not call,
who call, to lead.
Children in a manger indulged,
teachers scolded:
"Not indulge, strap
put you on pot".
One, two, three, four, five.
To let us play start,
let's all get up alphabet:
Ani, Vanya, Kolya, Rita.
Who doesn't know alphabet,
that calculation is ours facilitate.
Exercises
Always check your child's work carefully.
Exercises for the correct placement of stresses should also be in the nature of the game, otherwise the baby will get bored.
- "Repeat after me". The child needs to shout out the word that you pronounce. It is the increase in the tone of the voice that makes it possible to avoid the protracted pronunciation of all vowels, which many babies “suffer from”.
- "Underline the stressed syllable." For children who can write, you can try to dictate words, their task is to write down and put down stresses.
- "Correct mistakes". Pronounce words with the wrong accent so that the baby can correct you. It’s good if in this exercise there are also those words that are not yet known - this is how your little one will expand vocabulary and train language intuition.
Zaitsev Cubes
By adding words with the help of Zaitsev's cubes, the child learns to correctly highlight the stressed syllable
If possible, use Zaitsev's cubes. Their peculiarity is that on each side is not a letter, but a syllable. Make up the words yourself and ask the child to put a special cube on the stressed syllable, or complicate the task: let the child put the syllables into words by himself, emphasizing the stress. This will also improve your reading skills.
Video: Stress in words
Instruction
Stress is the selection of one of the syllables of a word that has the greatest power. Literary speech implies compliance with certain rules, including the placement of stress. However, there are no clear instructions in this regard. The stress in it, unlike many other languages, is free or floating. Unlike French, where, according to the rules, it always falls on the last syllable, in can fall on any of them.
To determine which syllable should be stressed, place the back of your hand under and say right word. On which syllable your chin touches your palm, that syllable will be stressed.
However, in Russian there are special words, correct setting accents in which always raises questions. There are only 20 such words and they are called exceptions.
Most often, the stress is placed on the word “ringing”. You need to remember that the stress in words with this is always placed on the letter "and". Another tricky word in the Russian language is "contract". This is always put on the last "o". The word "beautiful" can also cause confusion. Here the emphasis will fall on the letter "and". Remembering such words is quite simple: write them out and read aloud as often as possible.
Difficulties in setting stress are also caused by foreign words. In order to place the accents in them correctly, you just need to remember that the stress is most often stored on the syllable that was stressed in its native language.
Refer to the spelling and orthoepic dictionaries more often to clarify the word, the stress in which causes you difficulty.
note
Beautiful literate speech significantly affects the image of a person. In your native language, you simply have to speak correctly, as mistakes in the pronunciation of words significantly reduce the culture of communication.
Related article
stress in Russian it is not fixed, that is, it does not always fall on a particular syllable, as, for example, in Hungarian or Finnish. There are also no specific rules on how to put, so questions of Russian pronunciation often concern not only foreigners, but also the native speakers themselves.
Often, people who have been hearing Russian since childhood believe that they have no problems with the placement of stresses. But is it? Check if you pronounce the words that belong to the category of the most “problematic”: alphabet, pamper, rattling, religion, divination, dispensary, rust, call, iconography, catalogue, kilometer, quarter, compass, misanthropy, nabelo, hugged, percent , centimeter, facilitate, dowry, beets, convene, inquire, focus, seal, force. In the words "", "ports", "bows", "boards", as well as in their forms, is always placed on the first syllable. But the words "" can be the way you are used to: it allows a double arrangement of stress. That, where stress may also depend on the context: for example, in "atlas" it falls on the first syllable, if we are talking about a collection of geographical maps, and on the second, if we mean fabric. Another example: a characteristic person and a characteristic dance. In some cases, Russian stress obeys certain patterns. For example, the stress is placed on the first syllable, but in the form of units. feminine numbers usually fall on the ending: cheerful - cheerful - cheerful; stupid - stupid - stupid; started - started. This also applies to past tense verbs of the feminine sg. numbers: took - took, lived - lived, lilo - lila. But there are exceptions: klala, krala, etc. Sometimes (for, under, on, on, from, without) they take the stress on themselves, leaving the following unstressed after them. Examples: on the water, on the arm, on the hundred, under the feet, by the sea, from the nose, until the night, hour from hour, etc. But there are few such rules. In most cases, the stress has to be memorized, and if in doubt, it is best to check yourself in dictionaries. Among them there are those who are completely devoted to pronunciation - orthoepic. But if one was not at hand, the stress in words can be checked using any other dictionary, for example, spelling or explanatory. You can also use resources.
Related article
Sources:
- Rosenthal D. E. Basic rules of Russian pronunciation
- stress on the word cheerful
Tip 3: How to properly emphasize the word "wholesale"
The word "wholesale" is one of the so-called "mistaken" words: its spelling usually does not cause problems, but its pronunciation often includes errors in stress.
"Wholesale" - the right emphasis
In modern dictionaries of the Russian language, only one variant of the accent in "wholesale" is recognized as normative - on the second syllable. Moreover, this rule is valid for all case forms of this adjective, for all genders and numbers. For example, “engage in bulk purchases”, “difficulties in wholesale trade”, “wholesale prices”.
There are no exceptions, so the first syllable in any case can be considered a spelling mistake. Some dictionaries even specifically emphasize the inadmissibility of such pronunciation.
Why is the stress in the word "wholesale" on the second syllable
The adjective "wholesale" is derived from the noun "wholesale". And for this noun in all forms, the stress falls on the first syllable (for example, "Wholesale"). It is not surprising that in other words with the same root, one would like to put the emphasis on its “usual” place.
However, in Russian, formed from monosyllabic nouns, the stress most often falls on the suffix or ending, and not on the word stem. For example, "choir" - "choir", "fluff" - "Down", "tiger" - "tiger", "bone" - "bone" and so on. And the word "opt" was no exception - in the formation of the adjective "wholesale" the stress also shifted from stem to suffix.
By the way, in old dictionaries you can find a variant of pronouncing the word "wholesale" with an accent on the last syllable, but with a slightly modified ending - "wholesale". For example, this form can be seen in Vasmer's etymological dictionary, published in the middle of the 20th century. Now this form is already outdated and the stress on the ending is not normative. However, it is interesting that the option that can often be heard in speech - "Wholesale" (emphasis on the first syllable) _ was not considered correct at that time either.
Tip 4: How to properly stress the word "expert"
In the word "expert", the stress can cause difficulty: this word belongs to the number of "mistakeable", and it is quite common to hear pronunciation with an accent on both the first and second syllables. How is it right?
What is the stress in the word "expert" and cognate words
All dictionaries of the Russian language are unanimous - in "" it should be placed on the second syllable, on the vowel E - "expert". This is indicated by such popular publications as the Ozhegov or Dahl dictionary, spelling and orthoepic dictionaries.
At the same time, the emphasis on the first syllable is considered a rather gross orthoepic error, and some reference publications (for example, Russian Word Stress) even emphasize the inadmissibility of such pronunciation.
The stress on the second syllable is also preserved in all case forms of this word: expert, expert, expert, and so on.
In the adjective "", as in the word "expert", the stress will fall on the second syllable: "expert commission", "expert opinions" and so on. The emphasis on "e" will also be preserved in complex abbreviated words (for example, "forensic expert"). And in the word "expertise" the emphasis shifts to the third syllable. The main thing to remember is that the vowel "e" in the first syllable in such words will always be unstressed.
How to remember the correct stress "expert"
In order to remember the correct pronunciation of the word "expert", you can use proven mnemonic techniques. So, stresses are well remembered with the help of short couplets - then the rhythm of the verse itself "pushes" to setting the correct stress.
In the word "expert" you can remember the stress with the help of the following couplet:
Sealed by our expert
Conclusion in an envelope.
The artist is waiting at the easel
Expert opinions.
To remember the correct pronunciation, you can also remember the meaning of the word "expert". It comes from the Latin expertus (experienced), and by definition an expert is always an expert in some field. If - "special". Therefore, you can remember that “expert is special”, which means that it is the second syllable that is the main one here, therefore, in the word “expert”, the emphasis should fall on E.
Advice 5: How to correctly stress the word "Ukrainian"
Many believe that in the word "Ukrainian" the emphasis can be placed on both "A" and "I" - both options are correct. However, this is not so - in accordance with the modern rules of the Russian language, only one option is normative.
"Ukrainian" - the correct emphasis on "I"
In some publications (for example, Zarva's Russian Verbal) it is even specifically noted that the accent variant "Ukrainian" is incorrect. Pronunciation of this with the stress on the second syllable is considered an orthoepic error.
The emphasis on “I” is preserved during declension and change by gender or number: “ Ukrainian borscht”, “Ukrainian territories”, “Ukrainian literature”, “Ukrainian costume”.
"Ukrainian" and "Ukraine" - stress on the third syllable
In the name of the country - Ukraine, as well as in such words as "Ukrainian" or "Ukrainian", the stress, in accordance with the norms of the Russian literary language, is also placed on "I", on the third syllable. This is also the only normative option that is recorded by both orthographic and orthoepic dictionaries.
Emphasis "Ukrainian" - an outdated norm
The opinion that in the adjective “Ukrainian” the stress can (or even should) fall on “A”, although it is erroneous, is still easily explained. The fact is that the rules for pronunciation of words change over time, and in the past in the Russian language the stress in the word "Ukrainian" was placed precisely on the second syllable. And it was logical - after all, the outdated name of Ukraine sounded like "Ukraine", with an accent on "A" in the second syllable.
Then the rules changed. And until the middle of the 20th century, many dictionaries of the Russian language recorded a double norm of stress in the word "Ukrainian" - both on the second and on the third syllable.
And the “Ukrainian” variant with an emphasis on “A” (as well as the pronunciation of “Ukraine”) can be found in Russian poetry - for example, in Osip Mandelstam ( "... the train call, / yes, the Ukrainian language / of their stretched beeps"). And almost everyone is familiar with the first line of Pushkin's famous poem "Poltava": Quiet Ukrainian night…» . It is she who is often cited as an argument by people who consider this emphasis to be correct. The classic couldn't be wrong!
Indeed, the classic was not mistaken, and this pronunciation is not poetic liberty and fully complies with the rules of the Russian language of that time. But since then, the Russian language has changed significantly, and in the 21st century, the adjective "Ukrainian" should be stressed on the third syllable.
Tip 6: How to properly stress the word "alphabet"
With the study of the alphabet, acquaintance with reading and writing begins - but, despite this, when pronouncing the word "alphabet" itself, many make mistakes in placing stress. What syllable should it be placed on?
"Alphabet" - emphasis on modern standards
It is no secret that the word "alphabet" is formed from the names of the first two letters - "az" and "beeches" (as "A" and "B" used to be called). The word "alphabet" is formed in exactly the same way, but only the letters of the Greek alphabet were used as components. The first is alpha, the second is beta. In late Greek, the name "beta" began to be pronounced as "vita" - and the "alphabet" (ἀλφάβητοσ) turned out.
In Greek, the stress was the second syllable, the second "A". At one time, the pronunciation was preserved in Russian. However, language norms tend to change, now it is considered unacceptable to pronounce "alphabet" with an accent on the second syllable.
All dictionaries of the Russian language indicate that in the word "alphabet" it is necessary to put on the last syllable - this is the only pronunciation option that corresponds to the norms of Russian literary speech and is correct.
Some reference publications even pay special attention to the fact that the “alphabet” with the accent on the second syllable is a mistake. Such prohibitive notes warning against spelling errors in this word can be seen, for example, in the dictionary "Russian literary pronunciation and stress" or in the "Dictionary of pronunciation and stress difficulties in modern Russian".
When declining the word "alphabet", the stress will remain unchanged - it will always fall on the basis of the word, on the vowel "I".
The obsolete stress "alphabet" can sometimes be found in poetic speech or heard from the stage. In such cases, as a rule, the use of an outdated norm is a stylization - or a way to emphasize the low cultural level of the hero, who makes gross spelling mistakes.
Correct stress in the word "alphabet"
In the adjective "alphabetic" the stress falls on the same syllable as in the noun from which it is derived, on the vowel "and": “in alphabetical order”, “alphabetical listings”, “alphabetical catalog».
Tip 7: How to properly stress the word "Wednesdays"
The word "environment" is ambiguous. And which syllable should be stressed - “on Wednesdays” or “on Wednesdays” (namely, the dative plural causes the most questions) depends on what was meant: the day of the week, or the environment.
How to emphasize "Wednesday" when it comes to the day of the week
A few decades ago, the only correct option, indicated by dictionaries as a literary norm, was unusual for many “on Wednesdays”. However, the rules of the Russian language tend to change over time, and now “on Wednesdays” with an emphasis on “E” is no longer considered a mistake or an option valid only in colloquial speech. Many authoritative reference books published in the last decade indicate both of these options as equal. An example is Lopatin's spelling dictionary, published under the auspices of the Russian Academy of Sciences or Reznichenko, which is included in the official reference publications recommended when using Russian as the state language.
So officially and the emphasis "on Wednesdays" and "on Wednesdays" is considered correct. However, the accent not "E" is not yet "recognized" by all reference publications without exception, and many people, out of habit, consider it a mistake.
Therefore, if you want literary speech to sound flawless, of the two equal pronunciation options, there are still it is advised to use the old, indisputable academic norm of stress "on Wednesdays". It is this pronunciation (which seems unusual to many and “cutting the ear”) that is recommended to be used by the radio and television announcer:
on Wednesdays dance evenings are held for tango lovers,- "Violets on Wednesdays"- one of the most famous story of Andre Maurois,
- I prefer to make trips to the supermarket on Wednesdays, in the middle of the working week.
When declining the word "Wednesday" meaning "day of the week" in the instrumental and prepositional plural, the "academic" stress should also fall on the second syllable, on the vowel "A".
What syllable is stressed "on Wednesdays" when it comes to the environment
The word "environment" can mean:
- the substance that fills the space (aquatic environment, nutrient medium),
- complex of natural conditions (, natural environment, environment),
- social and living conditions of human life (bohemian environment, student environment).
In the third meaning, the word "environment" is used only in the singular. And in the first two cases in the case form "on Wednesdays" stress can only fall on "E" in the first syllable - on "environments". It is this option that is the only correct one and is fixed as a norm by all reference publications without exception.
When declining in all forms of the singular, the ending will be stressed, and in the plural - the stem:
- provided with nutrients environments for the duration of the experiment,
environment the habitats of these animals differ significantly,- human emotions are largely determined by urban environment,
- over the petty-bourgeois environment ironized by many Russian writers.
Thus, when placing the emphasis on "on Wednesdays", the emphasis on "E" will not be erroneous in any of the meanings. However, if the day of the week was meant, it is preferable to use the “older” accentological norm with the emphasis on the second syllable – “on Wednesdays”.
There is a group of words in the Russian language, the placement of stress in which in the singular does not cause any difficulties, but when declining or changing in numbers, a question arises. Among them is the word "faucet". How to correctly emphasize in the plural form - “cranes” or “cranes”?
"Cranes" - which syllable is stressed
When forming the plural of the word "faucet" the stress will fall on the first syllable - "faucets". It is this pronunciation that is given in all dictionaries of the Russian language. And only it is correct, corresponding to the norms of the Russian literary language. The emphasis "faucets" is considered a mistake, and quite rough.
The word "faucet" belongs to the group of nouns of the 2nd declension of the masculine gender with a fixed accent on the stem. This means that when such nouns are declined, regardless of the number and case form, the stress will always remain on the same syllable. For example:
- construction sites were visible on the horizon taps,
- from loosely closed cranes dripping water,
on the use of firefighters cranes,- buy for repair taps, pipes and mixers.
How to remember the correct stress "faucets"
The group of nouns with fixed stress also includes a number of words, the pronunciation of which in the plural sometimes causes errors. For example:
- bow - bows - bows - bows,
- age - ages - ages - ages,
- warehouse - warehouses - warehouses - warehouses,
- cake - cakes - cakes - cakes,
- loaf - loaves - loaves - loaves.
For the words of this group, you just need to try to remember that the stress in all forms in them will be the same as in the nominative singular.
In order to facilitate the process of remembering the correct form of pronunciation, you can come up with short prompt poems by rhyming "difficult" words with those in which the stresses are not in doubt.
For example, in order to remember the correct stress “cranes”, you can use catamarans, screens, restaurants, membranes, as well as rams, tyrants, monitor lizards, etc. as a rhyme.
For example:
Domestic tyrants do not close the taps.
There are no cranes on the screens of restaurants.
Does the stress in the word "faucet" depend on the meaning
The word "crane" in Russian has several meanings. It could be:
- shut-off device for liquids or gases,
- a mechanism for lifting or moving heavy objects,
- brake control device.
Sometimes you can come across statements that, if we are talking about plumbing equipment, then it is correct to pronounce “faucets”, and in all other cases - “faucets”. This is not so: in accordance with the rules of the Russian language regardless of the meaning of this word, the stress in it should fall on "A".
The stress “tap”, quite common in professional speech, for example, plumbers, goes beyond the literary norm of the language. Some dictionaries record this pronunciation as professional jargon. At the same time, for example, the orthoepic dictionary of I. Reznichenko contains a special note, equipped with an exclamation point about the inappropriateness of the stress options “cranes” and “cranes” in strict literary speech.
orthoepic norms.
First, an orthoepic dictation is offered in order to identify students' difficulties in placing stress in words.
Oil pipeline, thinking, pampering, catalog, pullover, sorrel, carpenter, quarter, ringing, solicitation, leisure, phenomenon, lighten, more beautiful, provision, wholesale, beets, bartender, cakes, bows.
What should be guided by the emphasis? (Orthoepic norms)
How did these rules develop? How to remember the correct accent?
1. Remember that in words with a second root LOG, the emphasis falls on it (if it is an inanimate noun): DialOg, catalog, obituary. Animated noun - philologist.
2. Remember by rhyme:
sorrel-spruce; plush whooping cough; visible-enviously; dialog-catalog; shorts-cakes; painter-carpenter; conversations-contracts; experiment-cement; separate-bleed; sir dispensary; non-slip-blinds; sleep-pamper; extra old.
Remember couplets:
We're waiting for April to come
To sow sorrel in the fields.
Join our experiment
Get the cement ready for it.
Going to meet with the commandant,
Wear a dress with a bright bow.
But this noble sir
Does not attend dispensary.
We rested here in comfort:
They drank tea with chocolate cake.
We do not invite a tour guide
Fix an oil pipeline blockage.
3. Remember by analogy: pamper, reward, seal, serve, glaze, drape.
4. Remember homographs(spelled the same but pronounced differently):
Atlas of the world - blue satin on the dress;
tank armor - ticket armor;
well-aimed acuity - visual acuity;
blooming Iris-iris with nuts;
language norms-linguistic sausage.
5. Remember the features of pronunciation depending on the morphological features of the word:
A). In short adjectives and participles of the feminine gender, the emphasis often falls on the ending: cheerful, slender, right, stupid, busy. In the masculine and neuter gender - on the basis: busy, busy.
B). The stress falls on the last syllable in the feminine past tense verbs formed from the verbs take, take, twist, lie, drive, give, wait, call, lie, tear, sleep, understand, etc.: waited, slept, understood , took A. Exception: Clala.
C). The stress in participles remains on the same syllable as in the infinitive of the corresponding verb: occupy-occupied; start-started; arrive-arrived; create-created; sell-sold, etc.
D). Often in reflexive verbs, the stress in the form of the past tense passes to the suffix -sya: begin-began; to be accepted, to be accepted, etc.
6. In some adjectives with the suffix -ov-, formed from nouns with the meaning "tree", the stress falls on the first syllable (you can check the word Apple): willow-willow; plum-plum; pear-pear.
7. Remember the stress in compound words with the second part of the wire (from the word conducting): overpass, pipeline, garbage pipeline, oil pipeline, etc. according to the word GARDENER.
Orthoepic dictation:
peanuts, citizenship. prey, leisure, heretic, ringing, sign, iconography, miserable, intention, started, exhaust, cough, kitchen, newborn, provision, facilitate, switch, bowl, put, arrived, plum ex, dancers, Ukrainian, Phenomenon.
hiccups
Hiccup, hiccup that
Go to Fedo.
From Fedot to Yakov,
From Jacob to everyone.
x
1. Played fun remixes,
And we all calculated and ksy.
2. Fi xes walked along the street,
At school, we also calculated ksy.
engineer
Here, at Kolya, for example,
Mom is a policeman.
And Tolya and Vera
Both mothers are engineers.
tool
Submit document nt -
We will give you... (instrument).
spark
Flew off the fire
And faded quickly
If it's wrong, then a spark,
If it's true - and hide!
(S. Belorusets)
catalog
1. Stress in the word katalo g
It always falls on the third syllable!
2. So that soon in the library
Can you find the book
It has a filing cabinet
Special catalo
3. Help me choose a gift
One good katalo
quarter
1. We went a lot -
A whole two quarters.
2. In accounting avra l -
Quarter is ending.
3. The day of reporting has arrived,
Time to close quarter l.
pantry
- What are you standing, supply manager, I'm yawning?
- I emptied the pantry.
put
1. Oh, bitter tea, I did not expect
After all, I put a spoonful of sugar.
2. I carefully wiped the books,
Then I put them in a box.
claw
There is also a spoonful of tea in the barrel:
There is no cat without a sharp claw.
self-interest
All mice will be able to overplay
Kohl will be from this bark.
more beautiful
1. What makes a person happier
That looks beautiful.
2. Which one of us is the happiest
In whom the soul is more beautiful.
flint
1. This stone is very strong
And handsome enough.
Beat him at least a whole day.
The flint will not crack.
2. I bought myself a belt
Strong, like flint.
lecturer
There will be a new "lecturer" -
The pro-rector warned.
elbow
1. Scratch at the elbow
From a cat to a nail.
2. And the dog is not without a claw -
Here is a scratch on the elbow!
aches
The work was hard
Everything in the body is now aching.
hunk
It's a pity all, but let me at least
Lomo your bread.
masterfully
Just rubbed a little whiskey,
I drank the whiskey masterfully.
mosaic
mosaic gift,
Quite decent.
garbage chute
On the site - choro d,
Cleaning - garbage chute d.
starting
I got the whole mouth in,
Just start reading.
started
1. He was already tired
And the one who started to retreat.
2. Although he has seen a lot,
But the one who began to penetrate was feeling.
starting
1. We parted without saying goodbye,
The novel ended without beginning.
2. You left without waiting for her,
The meeting ended before it started.
newborn
I'm terribly tired
Brother does not sleep newborn.
Doesn't close his eyes at night
A loud cry wakes us up.
(I. Ageeva)
news
1. I am waiting for my guests
And news with them.
2. I want to hear news,
Good good news.
ease
It's not easy to memorize stress!
Poems can make things easier!
wholesale
1. They built a new one in the city
Beautiful wholesale store.
2. Near garden street
The store is open wholesale.
orchestral
It was already completely different
In the theater there is an orchestra pit.
inform
To explore the area
Residents need to be informed.
parterre
1. The house has a wonderful interior,
Near him a colored school desk.
2. Premiere of a film about fashion rn,
We took tickets at the desk.
fruit
1. I want to ask you:
Will the apple tree bear fruit?
2. The tree can be healed,
It will bear fruit.
seal up
1. Kitchen in the water, what are you waiting for?
We need to seal the pipe!
2. The tooth hurts. Do not grieve!
Send him to seal!
call
1. Well, why are you silent,
After all, I asked: call you?
2. You will take revenge on him,
If you don't call him.
reward
1. The director must write:
Whom, for what to reward.
2. For work, do not forget
Employees to be rewarded.
force
1. The light of the sun will wake her up,
Walking on the street is forced.
2. A cold breeze cools down,
Dress warmly forced dit.
accepted
All they did was
The decision has already been made.
development
1. Learn faster
And you will be developed.
2. Count, read soon
And you will be developed.
belt
I bought myself a belt
Strong, like flint.
beet
1. We are at Aunt Fekla
Ate beetroot soup!
2. Beets began to cry,
To the roots of namo cla:
- Guys, I'm not a beet,
Guys, I'm cool.
(P. Sinyavsky)
drills
1. Neighbors have a headache t -
He drilled the wall all day.
2. He is sitting on a bench,
With a glance, everyone drilled her, etc.
plum
1. I carry in a basket and howl
Pie with plum filling.
2. I bought plum juice,
I opened a jar at home.
Turned out tomato juice
Nothing is clear to me.
litter
He does not keep nature
Who is on the street sori t.
carpenter
Paints buildings mala r,
Furniture makes a table.
dancer
Insomnia has not yet come to her,
The dancer is not tired yet.
cottage cheese
Grandma baked a pyro
Yes, I forgot about Mr.
cakes
1. In the museum - still life mouths:
On them - flowers and then mouths.
2. Shorts didn't fit -
Often ate then mouths.
3. First -
Cut them into pieces.
And then -
Open your mouths -
And with pleasure
Eat those mouths!
It will be a mistake
There are cakes!
(S. Belorusets)
transfer
1. Stopwatch fogged up -
The transfer was so difficult.
2. The uncle of the officer was sad,
His transfer did not arrive.
shoe
I will read the word "that fly"
With an emphasis on "tu".
speed up
Draw, you know how to create!
Fame must be accelerated.
deepen
1. To make life easier,
We need to deepen our knowledge.
2. Ships will not be able to sail -
The channel here needs to be deepened.
Ukrainian
Kharcho - Georgian soup,
And borscht is Ukrainian.
dead
1. He was kind of faded,
Like a swan in an opera, smarter.
2. And the garden was completely burned down,
He must have been already mad.
phenomenon
1. Sentence passed: he is innocent of veins.
It was such a strange phenomenon.
2. This beast was simply huge,
Such a mysterious phenomenon.
fetish
1. No, you can't please him.
Thinks he's a fetish.
2. Where are you in such a hurry?
After all, work is not a fetish sh.
needles
1. Elkyo I didn’t have peace -
The kitten liked the tail.
2. After the sun
Give freshness to the needles.
cement
For builders at the moment
The car will bring cement nt.
scarves
And our Marfa -
All striped scarves.
chassis
For landing please
The pilot release the landing gear.
sorrel
1. A hairy bumblebee has arrived
And sat down on the sorrel.
2. Cut down fir,
They plucked the sorrel.
sorrel
Dinner with you is not in vain
We cook cabbage soup from sorrel.
Orthoepic minutes at the lessons of the Russian language
How to teach a student to put stress correctly?
Quite often, a child hears the wrong use of a word and perceives it as the norm.
The method of adding rhymes is effective for memorizing the normative pronunciation of words. Students are invited to pick up a rhyming word to the one proposed by the teacher. The most consonant pairs of words are written on the board, after which work is carried out in groups to compose rhyming lines. We learn the most rhythmic, memorable, funny verses in chorus.
(Beetroot - Fyokla)
Aunt Thekla ate beets.
(Cement - tool)
I take my instrument
I quickly spread cement.
(quarter - tired)
I wandered long and tired,
Passed the seventh quarter.
What a weird rhino
Ate and cottage cheese, and cottage cheese.
Children are very fond of composing poems, picking up rhyming words, but there is not always time for such work in the lesson. This technique is quite appropriate in the classroom, and the fruits of collective labor - rhymes - are used in the classroom.
Willingly or involuntarily, the child, reading such verses, correctly puts stresses, since without this the lines do not rhyme.
Heard in class dialogue:
Discuss the catalogue.
Children do not need to be pampered,
So that the teeth are not filled.
You can repeat such rhymes in chorus during physical education sessions, choosing various relaxation exercises.
Drowsiness and yawning go out the gate.
(sipping)
If you touch the willow
You will become even more beautiful. (tilts)
The lyrics are quickly remembered. And if speech situations are created in the lessons for the development of orthoepic skills, then the success of the work is guaranteed.
Gradually, the teacher has a whole collection of rhymes that help students cope with the problems of pronunciation, formation.
Ringing in my ears
The phone rings again.
They pulled out all the sorrel and all the rhubarb for the whole day.
Ready-made rhymes can be used in lessons in various classes, shared with colleagues. Even graduates use such didactic material to prepare for the Unified State Examination: orthoepy assignments often cause them difficulties.
The method of using rhymes is offered by E.I. Nikitina (E.I. Nikitina Russian language lessons in grade 5 Moscow "Enlightenment" 2001) in the classroom on morphology, orthoepy.
If there are cakes all the time,
Are the shorts too small?
To train the normative formation of nouns, the methodologist offers a complicated copying of rhymes:
Respect a person
Turkmens, Tatars, Uzbeks,
among Tajiks and Armenians,
Mongols and Gypsies
among the Yakuts and Tungus,
among the Bashkirs and Belarusians,
among the Kirghiz and Georgians,
among the Buryats and Ossetians.
(B. Uspensky).
For lessons on the topic "Noun endings" you can also offer the following rhymes:
In a children's fairy tale, a bun without stockings and without boots,
After all, neither shoes nor socks are sewn for koloboks.
I went around the kitchen, found a shoe.
Such elements of entertainment are methodologically expedient, they have a positive effect on the speech culture of the child.
It is very important that the lines intended for memorization be built according to the laws of the Russian language.