What happens to her?
Scientists have been looking for an answer to this question for a long time. Finally, the answer was given by scientists - chemists. Here's what they found and described in the scientific literature ... (encyclopedia).
And now I will show you the focus (sheet model)
What color is the leaf?
Green.(
(slowly I move the green leaf and expose the yellow one)
And now? (yellow)
What happens to tree leaves and grass in autumn?
The coloring matter-chlorophyll ceases to form and therefore the colors of other coloring substances in plants become visible.
What conditions are needed for plant growth? (sunlight, heat, water).
Now let's take a closer look at some herbs.
(drawings hang on the board: nettle, plantain, wormwood, burdock, Ivan-tea, birch). Listen to riddles:
Burns like fire
Look, don't touch her!
Spread out under an old plum tree
Very poignant…….
NETTLE (slide number 1).
What do you know about this herb?
I believe that nettle is a completely unnecessary grass: it grows everywhere, interferes, and is also prickly!
You agree with me?
Is there any benefit to humans in this herb? What do you think?
But Samir prepared us a material about nettles. Let's listen.
Stinging nettle grows very quickly. You can meet her in many places: at the house in the village, in humid forests, on the banks of reservoirs and in ravines.
It turns out that their nettles can cook great cabbage soup and many other dishes. There are even more vitamins in young nettles than in the berries of young currants. She also heals wounds and stops bleeding well. And hundreds of years ago, nettles were used in weaving. Nettles were used to sew sails, linen and outerwear. They made fishing tackle, strong ropes and ropes. Today, valuable grades of paper are obtained from nettles! Nettle gladly serves people. Yellow dye is obtained from its roots, green dye is obtained from its leaves.
But why does nettle burn?
Nettle leaves have special, tiny hairs, each hair is like a needle of a small syringe. Their ends are frayed. if you touch them. Inside the hairs contains a caustic liquid that contains a lot of formic acid. Touched - get a hundred injections! So, be careful if you want to be friends with nettles!
What did you find interesting about the story?
Plantain riddle.
Leaves are on the ground
Little paddles.
He is like a good friend to us.
Heals wounds of the legs and hands.
Plantain (slide number 2)
What do you know about plantain? Pay attention to the name of the herb, let's pronounce it slowly: in-road-nick.
Why was this herb given such a name?
Do you know the name of the plantain in the Tatar language?
Plantain - baka yafragy. Why was she named that? (reminds me of a frog)
But Safina prepared such a story for us about the plantain.
Plantain means it grows along the roads. We often do not notice it. But if someone gets hurt while walking or on the way, he immediately remembers the plantain. It is applied to the wound. And he is here, waiting. No wonder he is called a traveler's friend. It doesn't happen in empty places. The closer to the village, the more it is there. Plantain decoction is a useful remedy for stomach ailments.
Does a person need it? Does it benefit?
Riddle about Ivan-tea.
Grows in meadows and fields
Blooms pink.
They can make tea
You answer us quickly!
What kind of weed?
IVAN-CHAI (slide number 3)
Have you guys heard anything about this herb?
Why was this plant given such an interesting name?
Amira prepared a material for us about Ivan-tea.
What are the benefits of this plant?
Test (yes/no)
1. There are very few vitamins in nettles (no)
2. Ivan-tea can be used as tea leaves (yes)
3. Nettle heals wounds, stops light bleeding (yes)
4. Plantain is loved by travelers (yes)
5. The plantain was named so because it grows by the road (yes)
6. Nettle grows only in ravines (no)
7. It is impossible to get paint from nettles (no)
8. Ivan-tea can be recognized by bright yellow flowers (no)
9. Plantain translated into Tatar sounds like this: “tank of yafragy”
10. There are so many herbs that none of them is listed in the Red Book (no)
Slide check.
Oh wormwood! (read aloud to student)
What are the benefits of wormwood?
1. Work in pairs (card)
Which row lists only herbaceous plants?
2. Connect the image of a herbaceous plant and its name with a line (card)
Game "What do I know about plants?"
MOU "Alshikhovskaya secondary school of Buinsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan"
Development of an integrated lesson on reading and the world around
Grass at our house
Done: teacher primary school II qualification category Emelyanova Svetlana Vladimirovna.
year 2009
: This lesson is held in the 3rd grade in the "Plant World" section. Starting to work on the topic, the teacher prepares in advance reproductions of landscapes, photos and pictures of plants, a herbarium. The lesson introduces children to a new work, based on previously acquired knowledge of children. Therefore, there are many generalizing moments in the lesson. It is recommended to use the complex knowledge and skills of students, the purpose of which is the development of logical thinking of students, observation.
The lesson uses various forms work with students. It is better to conduct reading lessons of this type in conjunction with the subject "World around".
Topic: A.A. Pleshakov "Grass at our house."
Goals: 1) help children repeat and summarize the material covered
2) to acquaint students with the work of A.A. Pleshakov "Grass at our house"
3) develop the skill of conscious correct reading, continue to form the ability to perceive information by ear, answer questions about the content, develop the ability to find the necessary information in the text, develop logical thinking, observation
4) consolidate children's knowledge about medicinal plants and the origin of their names
5) cultivate love and respect for nature
Lesson type: explanation of new material in conjunction with the complex application of students' knowledge
Type of lesson: integrated
Methods and techniques: a combination of conversation and story, visual techniques, observation and analysis
Material: textbook "Sail-3", magazine "Young Naturalist" No. 3 1998, supplement to the magazine " Primary School» 2003
Equipment: slides from fairy tale characters, photos and slides of medicinal plants, herbarium of herbaceous plants, typesetting canvas with letters
During the classes:
Organizing time:
Repetition and generalization of the material covered.
Teacher. Guys, we have finished with you, probably the most interesting section, which is called "Tales". Everyone loves stories. Did you like the fairy tales read in this section?
Student. Liked it very much.
Teacher. Then let's test your knowledge. And we will remember them with the help of slides, which will show fragments from our favorite fairy tales. Guys, you will have to recognize the fairy tale from the slides, remember its name and name the author of this fairy tale. (slides 1 to 9)
Student.- "The Wolf and the Seven Kids" by the Brothers Grimm
- "Thumbelina" Hans Christian Andersen
- "Little Red Riding Hood" Charles Perrault
- "Puss in Boots" by Charles Perrault
- "Brother Fox and Brother Rabbit" D. Harris
- "Two goats" K.D. Ushinsky
- “The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish” by A.S. Pushkin
- "Firebird" (Russian folk)
III. Introduction to new material.
1) Teacher. Well done! You know the stories very well. And now attention, let's open our books to the next page and read the title of the next section. "World of Plants". What do you think will be in this section?
Student. In this section, we will read about plants, because the section is called "The World of Plants."
Teacher. Yes, the works of this section will be no less interesting than fairy tales. Here we learn a lot about plants. And these stories and poems were written by children's writers and poets. And not only them. Here is the author of the next short text - this is A. A. Pleshakov. He, guys, compiled our textbook "The World Around". Let's read his note to yourself now.
Student. (independent reading)
Teacher. What did you learn from reading this text?
Student. We learned that nature is like a book. You can find a lot of interesting things in it, we just have to be able to see them.
Teacher. Indeed, as the author rightly noted, one must be able to read the book of nature. For example, we often go on excursions to our forest. Often we do not notice how beautiful our nature is in our area. Remember our last excursion to the pine forest. What amazing, interesting things can you tell about this excursion?
Student. In the forest we saw the places where the woodpecker dined. Under one pine tree, we saw a lot of eaten cones, which means that a woodpecker was treating himself here. We also saw a stump and counted how many years this tree had been growing before it was cut down. And found a lot edible mushrooms and inedible fly agarics.
2) Teacher. Well done! That's how observant you are. Now, please, everyone stand up and imagine that you are in the forest. Let's have a little rest under the rhyme, do a physical education minute: (slide 10)
On the track, on the track
We jump on the right foot
And along the same path
We jump on the left leg.
We'll run along the path, we'll run to the lawn,
On the lawn, on the lawn
We jump like bunnies.
Stop. Let's rest a bit and walk home.
3) Teacher. Guys, did you rest? And now let's calm down and get ready to listen to a very interesting story written by the same author A. A. Pleshakov. He is a very observant person. You can be convinced of this by listening to the text "Grass at our house" (reading by the teacher of the story).
Guys, what was the surprising thing that the author noticed and then wrote in this story?
Teacher. That's right, he was able to notice so many amazing things in a simple ordinary weed and even find so many names for it.
4) Vocabulary work.
Did you come across unfamiliar words in the text?
The meanings of all these words are written at the end of the text. Let's find them and try to understand their meanings.
Student.----------
5) Working with text.
Teacher. If everything has become clear to you now, then I now want to check how carefully you listened to the text. The questions at the end of the text will help us with this. Let's find them and try to answer them. (slide 12)
Student.(children read the questions and answer them)
Where did this amazing grass grow?
Where does grass get its name from? goose?
- As Grandma explained the name knotweed? What is another name for knotweed?
Why is grass named and poultry buckwheat?
- Which of these names is the most accurate?
VI. Material on the "World around".
Teacher. You probably noticed that some plants were named according to their external structure and appearance, according to their place of growth. What herbs can you remember and explain their names?
Student. The bell was named so because its flowers look like a bell. The lungwort was named so because its flowers contain a lot of nectar for the bees that make honey.
Teacher. Well done! Remember some plants. And try to explain the origin of the names of plants that will be shown on the slides (work with slides, slide 11)
Student. The guys on the slides explain the names of plants:
Dandelion
Shepherd's bag
yarrow
Plantain
Coltsfoot
Sunflower
Teacher. What else can you tell about these plants? How are they useful to people?
Student. They are all medicinal and help people with many diseases. And from the sunflower people get sunflower oil, seeds, halva.
Teacher. Thank you guys for bringing so much to mind about these plants. We already know about their benefits, and we know that we must love them, protect and protect them, so that they always delight us with their beauty.
V. Working with additional material.
Teacher. Well, the last task of this lesson. There are riddles in the textbook. Let's try to figure them out. And the hints are in front of you, just correctly position the letters on the typesetting canvas and get the correct answer (on the board on the typesetting sheet, the words: Morashka-Chamomile, Gul-Meadow, Sivalek-Cornflower).
VI. Lesson summary.
Teacher. This is where this lesson ends. Did you like it? What new did you learn in this lesson?
Student.----------
VII. Evaluation of student responses.
VIII. Homework.
8
A lot of grass grows around our houses, in summer cottages, in the forests. Sometimes we pass by and do not know that there is a storehouse of useful things under our feet. Many of the most common herbs can be useful in the treatment of wounds, skin diseases, general strengthening herbal teas. For rest, relaxation, it is useful to simply inhale the smell of herbs and feel the fresh air. According to the latest data, aromatherapy as a remedy for phobias can enter the arsenal of doctors.
We do not call for self-medication and drinking herbs for all diseases. Only a doctor can treat, so we will only describe how it is used externally, only sometimes, when the herb can be used internally not for treatment, but simply as a herbal tea, we will indicate this.
In no case do not use grass plucked along roads and near industrial enterprises, but in the country, in personal plot, in forests, in meadows, it is quite possible to collect herbs for external use.
St. John's wort
St. John's wort was endowed with magical properties by the Greeks and Romans, it was placed in a bundle in houses under icons to protect against evil spirits, to remove damage. It blooms on the eve of the day of John the Baptist (for Catholics on June 24), the red color of the juice is considered to be the shed blood of a saint.
The Russian name was due to the fact that when the juice gets on the body under the influence sun rays the skin gets severe burns, which often happens with animals that graze in meadows with large quantity this herb.
Medicinal properties:
- Antimicrobial - tincture;
- Antidepressant;
- Antiviral action;
- Wound healing action - oil;
- Burns - oil;
- Stomatitis;
- Runny nose - tincture;
- lichen;
- Wide range of applications in pharmacology.
In all cases, decoctions, infusions, tinctures are used. Included in most balms and some wines.
Manufacturing methods:
- Tincture - 1:5 on vodka or 40% alcohol.
- Decoctions - 1st. l per 200 ml of boiling water, cook for 15 minutes over low heat.
- Infusion - 1 tbsp. for 200 ml of boiling water. Insist 2 hours.
- Oil - put the flowers tightly in a jar, pour vegetable oil, leave for a month in sunlight, stirring daily. Readiness is determined by color. Ready mix color ripe cherries. Squeeze everything through gauze, leave for a day. The finished oil is the top layer (three layers in total).
When using internally, consult your doctor!
Clover
Clover is widely distributed. This is a fairly beautiful wild flower that has many medicinal properties.
Medicinal properties:
- Treats burns and abscesses - lotions;
- Tones;
- Helps with colds.
Cooking methods:
- Infusion - brew a few tablespoons of flowers with boiling water, barely covering them, leave for 10 minutes, wrap in cheesecloth, attach to a sore spot, cover with a film for 15-20 minutes. Can be repeated. Warning: do not engage in such treatment with a large burn area, consult a doctor. It is quite suitable as a soothing for the skin after prolonged exposure to the sun, with small burns during cooking.
- Aromatic baths : 300 g of clover pour 1 liter of boiling water, wrap for 3 hours. Pour into bath. It will help as a sedative and for colds.
Nettle
This burning plant is very useful.
Medicinal properties:
- Lotions for wound healing;
- Treats skin diseases;
- Hair strengthening agent;
- Restorative action.
Cooking method:
- Gadgets: Pour 1/2 st of nettle with 1 cup of boiling water, leave for an hour under a warm blanket.
- Bath: Pour 1 cup of nettle with 1 liter of boiling water. Leave for 1 hour. Pour into bath. With the same solution you can rinse your hair, just dilute the infusion with 5 liters of water.
- Nettle Dishes:
- meatballs - Boil 100g of young nettle for 2-3 minutes, mix with millet porridge - 200g, form meatballs, fry.
- Nettle soup - Boil chicken meat 200g. Add 2-3 potatoes, browned onions - 1 head and carrots - 1 piece, nettle -150g. Add sorrel at the end green onion, parsley, dill 100g each. Cook for 20 minutes. Serve with boiled egg and 1 tsp. sour cream. You can eat cold.
- Dumplings, manti - nettle is used as an additive to minced meat or as an independent filling. Boil the nettle for 3 minutes, chop in a blender or chop finely.
- Pilaf with nettle - sauté nettles with onions, add rice, pour hot water, cook for 30 minutes until tender.
Young nettles can be used as an addition to any spring dish (soup or main course).
burdock
Burdock grows in gardens, near housing, along roads. Of course, it interferes with the plants in the garden, but for some reason people have never sought to exterminate it. In villages, it often grows at the porch as an ornamental plant.
In medicine, the root is mainly used, but everyone uses it among the people. The roots are harvested either in the spring before the leaves appear, or in late autumn. It is best to use plants of the second year of life.
Medicinal properties:
- In rheumatism as a warming agent;
- Treats skin diseases;
- Relieves pain from hemorrhoids;
- Promotes hair growth;
- Soothes itching with hives (allergies);
- Helps after stings of bees, wasps and even snakes;
- Helps with headaches.
Cooking method:
- Sheet apply burdock to the problem area (for headaches and joint pain).
- Decoction for skin diseases: 4 parts of burdock to 10 parts of water, boil for 5 minutes, strain, apply gauze or a soft cloth soaked in decoction to the sore spot. The same decoction is used for baths of hands, feet, rinsing hair. Dilute the broth with 5 liters of warm water. Bath for 20 minutes.
- For wounds: Grind 50 g of burdock root, pour 1 glass of vegetable oil, leave for 24 hours, boil for 15 minutes. Apply to gauze, attach gauze to the wound.
- Dishes from the burdock root of the first year of life: can be added to soups like potatoes; add to cutlets and fry as an independent dish; can be eaten raw, boiled, baked.
Melissa
Melissa has many names: lemongrass, lemon mint and others. Melissa is grown as cultivated plant because of her useful properties, but also wild, which is found in nature, has a lot of useful qualities.
The grass has a pleasant lemon smell, however, after flowering it deteriorates. Therefore, it is necessary to collect grass before flowering and dry. It has no contraindications, you can add the leaves to tea and drink as an independent drink.
Medicinal properties:
- Tonic, if the drink is brewed stronger, invigorates;
- Tea of low concentration calms, it is recommended for insomnia and excessive sexual excitability;
- Reduces headache;
- Soothes itching in skin diseases;
- Helps with inflammation of the skin with abscesses;
- Reduces toothache;
- Improves metabolism.
Cooking methods:
- Tonic tea: 1 tbsp chopped lemon balm pour boiling water (1 tbsp), leave for 15 minutes.
- Calming tea: 1 tsp lemon balm in a glass of boiling water. Drink before bed.
- For mouthwash : 2 tablespoons lemon balm for 1 cup of boiling water, leave for 20 minutes.
- For Bath: Pour 1 cup of herbs with 1 liter of boiling water, boil in a steam bath for 20 minutes, pour into a bath. Use the same solution for lotions.
Mint
Peppermint essential oils contain menthol, so very often mint is added to medicines as a fragrance, used in the perfume and cosmetic industries. It is this property that causes the addition of mint to teas.
Medicinal properties:
- Sedative - tea;
- For migraine - tea;
- Diseases in the oral cavity and toothache - infusion;
- Radiculitis, joint pain - poultices;
- As a sedative - aromatherapy;
- For nausea, aromatherapy or tea;
- Runny nose - drops.
Cooking methods:
- mint oil - grind the leaves and ground parts of the plant, pour warm vegetable oil at the rate of 1:4. Withstand 8 hours. Strain.
- Tincture - leaves and ground parts of the grass pour 0.5 liters of vodka, insist in a dark place for 10 days. Strain.
- Drops - made from peppermint oil and tincture in a ratio of 2: 1.
- Infusion - pour mint (10g) with boiling water (0.5 liters), leave for 15 minutes in a thermos. It can be drunk as tea diluted with water to taste.
- Decoction: boil mint (50g) in water (8 liters) for 10 minutes, leave for 15 minutes. It can be used for baths, freshen the air in the room, prepare ice cubes for rubbing the face, apply to the temples for headaches.
- Mint as an additive to the dish:
- Tea: collection - mint, oregano, currant leaves in equal amounts. Use 1 tsp. to a glass of water. Pour in boiling water. insist.
- Cabbage juice- Squeeze juice from cabbage. Add drops of mint.
- Berry cocktail: pour any berries with a small amount of boiled water, beat with ice cream in a ratio of 2: 1, put a sprig of mint into the drink. Unusually delicious!
- Drink fruit or berry with mint - brew mint with boiling water (200 ml), cool, combine with juice for 1 part water 2 parts juice.
Dandelion
Dandelion officinalis is found everywhere, it blooms whole bright colors, and it is simply impossible not to notice it. Dandelion, like the sun, pleases children with its flowers, they make beautiful wreaths that girls love so much.
Dandelion is widely used as medicine, and in the spring it can be used to make salads. It perfectly replenishes the body with vitamins.
Use flowers, leaves, roots of the plant. Decoctions can be drunk without fear, using them not as a remedy, but as a general tonic.
Medicinal properties:
- Restorative action - juice;
- Avitaminosis, in dandelion a whole complex of vitamins - juice;
- Sedative and weak hypnotic - decoction;
- Improves metabolic processes;
- Cleansing agent.
- Can be used as an antipyretic;
- Treats corns, warts - lotions;
- Pain in the joints - compresses;
- Burns - oil extract.
Cooking methods:
- Juice - chop the roots and stems, squeeze the juice.
- Decoction - roots (5g) pour boiling water, boil for 1 minute on low heat, insist 1 hour, drink 100 ml once a day.
- Lotions - boil any parts of the plant with boiling water. Insist.
- Oil - chop the roots, pour sunflower oil (1: 4), insist in a warm place for 15 days. Apply to affected areas.
- Dandelion Dishes:
- Dandelion salad 1: leaves - 100g, green onions - 50g, parsley - 25g, vegetable oil, spices to taste, egg - 1pc. Soak dandelion leaves in slightly salted water for half an hour. Cut everything, add spices and vegetable oil.
- Salad 2: 80g leaves, 20g sorrel, 120g spinach, 40g green onions. Grind everything, add vegetable oil, salt to taste.
Shepherd's bag (common)
An annual, common plant with white flowers and unusual heart-shaped upper leaves is the fruit of a flower. Grass is harvested during flowering, all parts of the plant are used.
Medicinal properties:
- Anti-inflammatory - infusion;
- Wound healing - infusion;
- Hemostatic - decoction, infusion;
- Bruises, bruises - decoction;
- Regulates pressure - tea.
Cooking methods:
- Tea - chopped grass - 2 tsp. pour boiling water - 200 ml. Insist 10 minutes. Drink warm.
- Infusion - grass - 1 tablespoon, boiling water - 1 glass. Insist 1 hour.
- Decoction - grass - 2 tbsp. l. in a glass of boiling water, boil for 1-2 minutes. Insist 1 hour.
- Shepherd's Bag Dishes:
- Salads- young leaves of the plant, tomatoes, cucumbers, onions, season with oil.
- vitamin soup- cook a light chicken broth, add potatoes, carrots, onions. At the end, add the shepherd's purse greens (finely chopped), cook for 5 minutes. Before use, add the egg.
- Side dish for poultry or fish- sauté parsley, sauté onions, carrots separately, mix everything and beat in a blender, simmer for 20 minutes.
Sagebrush
A plant that can grow up to 1.5 meters. Found everywhere. It has an unusual shade of green, with a whitish pubescence, has a sharp but pleasant smell. Tastes very bitter.
Leaves and tops with flowers are used. In ancient times, wormwood was endowed with magical properties. For example, it was believed that it gives strength and allows you not to get tired. On the day of Ivan Kupala, they looked at the fire through a wormwood wreath (to see the betrothed). In some countries, it was used as a talisman against evil spirits. It was believed that if you burn wormwood at the crime scene. That will not be good for the criminal.
Medicinal properties:
- Anti-inflammatory action - lotions, ointment;
- Anti-ulcer and wound healing - infusion;
- Improve digestion - decoction;
- The remedy for insomnia is a decoction;
- Insect bites - relieves itching, just rub the bitten place with grass.
- aromatherapy;
- Calming effect - bath;
- Antipyretic - bath.
Cooking methods:
- Ointment - Mix wormwood extract with baby cream.
- Oil from seeds - raw materials are crushed - 5 g, poured with vegetable oil - 20 g, insist 8 hours.
- Juice - squeeze out of the plant before flowering;
- Infusion for a bath - brew wormwood with boiling water, leave for 1 hour under a fur coat. Pour into bath. Or use as a poultice.
- Decoction - Pour boiling water over wormwood, cook over low heat for 15 minutes.
- Plantain
Plantain grows almost everywhere. Plantain leaves are harvested in June - July.
Medicinal properties:
- Wound healing - apply the juice from fresh leaves to the wound, and when cut, simply apply the sheet;
- Anti-inflammatory - will clean the surface of the wound, apply gruel from the leaves to the wound;
- Cleansing and healing of oily skin with acne - rub the plantain leaves into a mass and apply on the face for 20 minutes. Then rinse your face with cool water. Can be done 2-3 times a week until healing.
- Conjunctivitis - wash your eyes with a decoction of plantain;
- Stomatitis, periodontal disease - rinse your mouth with a decoction of plantain;
- Bedsores can be washed.
Cooking method: crushed plantain leaves (2 tablespoons) pour hot water (200 ml), insist on a steam bath for 15 minutes.
milk thistle
Milk thistle is a thistle that grows in wastelands, often grows near abandoned houses, but is also found in vegetable gardens. Spiny edges of leaves and flowers, fruits are black, shiny.
All parts of the plant have medicinal properties. Very strong medicinal plant. And although the toxic effect of milk thistle on the body has not been identified, self-medication is not worth it. Basically, the plant is intended for internal use, the article is given as an example of an unusual medicinal plant.
Medicinal properties:
- Wound healing for tissue regeneration - oil.
- Weakens the effect of toxic substances in case of poisoning and liver diseases;
- Cirrhosis of the liver;
- Digestive disorders.
Cooking method:
Oil - chop the plant, pour vegetable oil completely, leave for two weeks in a dark, cool place. Strain. Shake before use.
Chamomile
There are many types of chamomile, but the most valuable is the chamomile, an annual up to 40 cm high with small flowers, growing along roads, in meadows and fields, grows in vegetable gardens. It is easy to distinguish by its leaves, similar to dill. Collect flowers during flowering.
Medicinal properties:
- Anti-inflammatory - skin rashes;
- Infusion or decoction as a sedative;
- Toothache - rinsing;
- Stomatitis - rinsing;
- Helps with congestion;
- Used to strengthen hair;
- Ice from the infusion perfectly cleanses and tones the skin of the face, whitens the skin;
- Slightly brightens hair.
Cooking method:
- Infusion - flowers (2 tsp) brew with boiling water (200 ml), insist in a thermos or under a fur coat for three hours. Drink 1/4 cup as tea 3 times a day.
- Baths, rinses - 2-3 tbsp. flowers brew 1st boiling water, leave for three hours under a fur coat. Rinse your mouth with this solution, apply in the form of compresses to sore spots. For baths, pour the infusion into water. It is recommended for children from infancy to heal diaper rash, skin rashes. Bath to prepare every other day.
- decoction for hair - flowers 4 tbsp. pour 1.5 cups of boiling water, boil for 5 minutes over low heat. Strain.
Chamomile is often used in preparations with horsetail, marigold, sea buckthorn and other herbs..
yarrow
Yarrow grows in meadows, fields, along roads. This is a strong-smelling plant with many leaves, for which it received the name, and small white flowers. Use the top 
plants (15cm)
Medicinal properties:
- It is used for thrush - decoction;
- Hemostatic and healing action - juice;
- Stomatitis - decoction or infusion;
- Acne - lotions;
- Eczema and skin diseases - infusion;
- The astringent action is used in the disorder of the stool - infusion;
- Included in the "appetizing tea".
Cooking method:
- Decoction - 1 tsp herbs pour a glass of boiling water, boil for 7 minutes over low heat, strain
- Infusion - 2 tsp herbs pour a glass of boiling water, let it brew for 2 hours in a warm shelter.
- Juice - pour over the plant with boiling water, chop in a blender, squeeze.
- Lotions - prepare the infusion, apply gauze soaked in the infusion to the sore spot for 20 minutes.
- Appetizing tea composition 1 : 8 parts of wormwood, 2 parts of yarrow, brew 1 tbsp. in a glass of water, drink to increase appetite, stomach diseases, alleviate the course of menopause. Drink 1 tbsp. before meals up to 4 times a day.
- Appetizing tea composition 2 : 6 parts wormwood, 1 part dandelion root, 2 parts yarrow.1 tbsp. pour 250 ml of boiling water. Insist 20 minutes.
Chicory
Common chicory can be found everywhere. AT Soviet times it was used as a coffee substitute, but chicory is quite good as an independent drink (the root is used).
A decoction of chicory can be drunk without fear of harming health and without a doctor's recommendation.
Medicinal properties:
- Contains inulin (a natural sugar substitute), improves the functioning of the digestive system and improves immunity;
- Good for the skin;
- Improves mobility in diseases of the joints;
- In skin diseases as anti-inflammatory and wound healing
Cooking method: dry chicory root, grind in a coffee grinder, brew like coffee, dosage to taste.
Wipe the skin with drained chicory. You can apply gruel to wounds (for 20 minutes) to inflamed joints (apply at night, fix with a bandage).
Thyme
Thyme is a honey plant, perhaps for this we are so loved by man. In Christianity, the floors of temples are covered with thyme on the Trinity, the plant is fragrant. Collected in June, dried in houses or in the shade. Useful flowers and leaves.
Medicinal properties:
- Soothing - can be drunk as tea for an unlimited time;
- Throat diseases - sore throats, tonsillitis, for gargling;
- Skin diseases - anti-inflammatory effect, apply compresses;
- Joint diseases - soothing effect, use baths and compresses;
- Recommended for getting rid of worms.
Cooking method:
- For tea - 1 tsp per glass of boiling water, brew like tea.
- For infusion - 1 tbsp. for 200 ml of boiling water, leave for 30 minutes.
- Lotions, compresses - 2 tbsp per glass of boiling water, steam bath for 15 minutes.
- Dried you can stuff a pillow and use it to fall asleep as a sedative.
- Baths - thyme (1st) pour water (1l), boil over low heat for 30 minutes.
Celandine
The herb has a similar name for a reason, it treats almost any skin disease. In the wound-healing effect of celandine, it is difficult to compare with any other herb. The Latin name of celandine is interesting - a gift from heaven.
Medicinal properties:
- Treats skin irritations in children - bathe every other day:
- Skin softening - taking a bath;
- Acne - wipe the inflamed places with a decoction;
- Strengthening hair - rinsing after shampooing.
Cooking method:
- Baths - brew celandine in hot water, leave for an hour, the amount is not important. Pour into bath.
- Decoction - celandine (4 tablespoons) brew with water (6 tablespoons). Boil over low heat for 10 minutes.
- Water for rinsing hair - celandine (1st) pour boiling water (6l), leave for 1 hour.
Many doctors and pharmacists believe that nature has everything it needs to heal the body. The emergence of new diseases is a consequence of the departure from nature and the invention of new medicines. Now people are remembering the long forgotten and studying the properties of plants at a new level. Of course, no one calls for abandoning the use of those drugs that chemists have synthesized and that produce an undoubted effect. But it is never too late to turn your face to nature.
Once upon a time, hemp was often found in the wild, which has many useful qualities. Unfortunately, in Russia they do not study the properties of medical cannabis, its cultivation for any purpose was prohibited. Only recently, Rospotrebnadzor gave permission for the cultivation of cannabis for medicinal and scientific purposes. Nutritionists advise paying attention to sorghum, which in Russia is grown only for making brooms.
Connecting with nature is essential for a healthy lifestyle. Many herbs found in fields and meadows have healing properties. How pleasant it is to drink tea from fragrant herbs in winter!
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Slides captions:
Grass at our house Completed by: primary school teacher MBOU secondary school No. 63 of Novosibirsk Lykhina E.V.
The purpose of the lesson: to introduce the most common herbaceous plants Type of lesson: Discovery of new knowledge Planned results: subject: recognize herbs
Wormwood is a perennial herbaceous plant, silvery in color, with a strong aromatic smell and the famous wormwood bitterness.
In medicine in many countries of the world, the plant is used as a means of improving digestion and stimulating appetite.
Bird's buckwheat
The grass is low. Leaves and flowers are small. It grows densely, forming soft green carpets. Its fruits - small brown nuts - birds love to peck. Yes, and they willingly pinch the green grass itself.
Plantain Large plantain is a valuable medicinal plant. Plantains have hemostatic, anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects.
Tiny psyllium seeds become sticky when exposed to rain or dew. A lot of seeds stick to shoes. A person walks, and the seeds gradually fall from his feet. And where the seed falls, in time a young plantain will appear.
Green Beauty You touch it, it burns.
well-known wild-growing perennial herbaceous plant up to 170 cm high with a creeping branched rhizome. The upper part of the leaves is dark green, covered with stinging hairs. Inside the hairs is a caustic liquid. She causes a burning sensation on the skin. Nettle -
Tansy Horse sorrel
Burdock (burdock) Shepherd's purse
On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes
Appointment of medicinal plants. Medicinal plants can bring not only benefits, but also harm ....
What is our planet like? The earth is our home.
Open lesson in grade 1 on the topic "What does our planet look like? Earth is our home." it was interesting and instructive. The guys actively answered questions, riddles, read poems about our family ...
MBOU secondary school No. 20, Ryazan
Summary of the lesson on the world around on the topic:
"Grass near our house"
Performed:
Primary school teacher
Mitina Irina Yurievna
Lesson topic: Grass at our house. Subject Results:
Recognize herbaceous plants using the identification atlas "From Earth to Sky";
Know the causes of yellowing grass in autumn;
Recognize the studied plants in the drawings and in nature.
Metasubject results:
Tell according to your observations about the state of herbaceous plants in autumn;
describe verbally appearance the most common herbaceous plants (according to illustrations in the textbook and natural samples);
Guess folk riddles about plants;
Use information from the Green Pages book and other sources to write your own story about the plant.
^ Personal results:
Recognize the importance of caring for nature.
Equipment.
The teacher has a herbarium of herbaceous plants, a computer, a projector, a presentation, the book "Green Pages", subject pictures, cards with words.
Students have glue, atlas-determinant "From earth to sky".
^ Lesson progress.
Updating knowledge and skills.
- Look at the desk. What do you see there? (plants)
Divide these drawings into 3 groups. What is the name of group 1? - trees
2 group - shrubs
3 group - herbs
Goal setting.
- Which of these groups we will talk about today, you will find out by guessing the riddle:
She dies in autumn
And comes alive again in the spring.
A green needle will come out to the light,
It grows and blooms all summer.
Cows without it are in trouble:
She is their main food. (grass)
- Today we will go to the land of herbs. To do this, you do not need to drive a car, fly on an airplane, sail on a ship. The country that is waiting for us to visit is unusual. It is enough to close your eyes and say: "One, two, three - the country of herbs, wait for us to visit ...".
Song "Grass near the house"
What herbaceous plants do you know? Why do we need grass? (Herbs, like other plants, enrich the air with oxygen, make it cleaner, help us breathe. Many types of herbs have healing properties, help to cure diseases of people and animals.)
Where does grass grow? (in the meadow, in the field, in the forest, in the garden, on the side of the road…) We will not go far, but we will talk about the herbs that grow near our house.
Now the grass is no longer green, as in the song. What color does the grass turn in autumn?
A poem about autumn (student reads)
Why do you think the grass turns yellow in autumn?
What will we learn in class? Formulate the topic of the lesson.
Scientists have been looking for an answer to this question for a long time. Finally, the scientists-chemists gave the answer.
(Viewing the training m / f “Why do the leaves turn yellow and fall?”)
- And now, guys, I'll show you a little trick. (Showing a tree leaf model)
What color is this leaf? (Green)
And now? (yellow)
The same happens with the leaves of trees and grass in autumn: chlorophyll ceases to form, so the colors of other dyes in the tissues of the plant become visible.
And now let's get acquainted with the herbs that you often see in the yard or on the street, but do not think about how they are useful for people.
Read the riddle and guess the name of the first herb. (on slide)
bitter weed,
Correction to the stomach
And fragrant herself
And sweeps clean. Sagebrush.
- Find wormwood on the desks. Smell. Let's read about wormwood in the textbook
(reading p.70 of the textbook)
Retract your hand:
Burns the grass
Like fire.
What do you know about nettles? (Listen to CD.)
Why does nettle sting? (children's answers)
We learn the answer to this question from the text of the textbook. (Self-reading p.71)
And the reason for this is thin hairs with caustic juice, which are seated with nettle leaves. These hairs are very fragile. At the slightest contact, the heads of the hairs break off and pierce the skin, and the caustic juice abundantly waters tiny wounds, so blisters form on our skin, as if from a burn.
How useful is nettle?
Nettle has many beneficial properties. Its leaves are rich in vitamins C and A, carotene, mineral salts. Green cabbage soup, soups, salads are prepared from nettle leaves. In the spring, they help us make up for the lack of vitamins in the body formed during the winter. Nettle decoction is used to strengthen hair.
^ Bird Buckwheat
This ubiquitous plant has many names: mountaineer bird, knotweed, bird buckwheat, goose, grass-ant, trample-grass. Highlander bird - scientific name.
Knotweed - because it grows quickly, that is, quickly. AT good conditions can grow up to a meter long. But more often he has to exist in difficult conditions: people and animals walk on it, tractors and cars drive, poultry eats it, livestock eats it. But the knotweed survives and branches even more abundantly. There is no place in the city or in the village where this plant would not settle.
The name "bird's buckwheat" is quite understandable. Birds feast on small nut-shaped fruits, trihedral, like buckwheat.
Why gosling? Geese willingly eat it.
Where does the name "grass-ant" come from? In old times green color in Russia they called ants. The leaves of the mountaineer bird are a rich green color. The plant covers the ground with a green carpet from June to late autumn, until the snow.
This grass is also popularly called toptun-grass. It grows along the paths, near the wells, everyone walks along it. But she is not afraid, she will press her stalk to the ground and rise again.
- It is a valuable medicinal plant. Young greens are quite edible. It can be used raw (in salads) and added to green cabbage soup.
Fresh herb gruel or compresses soaked in its infusion are applied to bruises and long-term non-healing wounds.
Thin stem along the path.
At the end of it are earrings.
Leaves are on the ground
Little paddles.
He is like a good friend to us
Heals wounds of the legs and hands. Plantain.
Why is this plant called plantain? (It grows along the roads)
Why can it grow where they walk, ride a bicycle? Look closely at the plant. Maybe you can guess? (It has leaves on the ground. There is almost no stem. If there was a stem, it would break when people walked over it.)
The plantain is popularly called differently: seven-veiner, cutter, fellow traveler, wounder, chiry grass, roadway. Try to think about the origin of these folk names. (Answers of children).
The Russian names "plantain", "fellow traveler" are associated with its habitat near the roads. Other names - "cut", "wound", "boil grass" - are given to the plant for its ability to heal wounds.
Where is this plant used? (This is a medicinal plant. It is applied to wounds so that blood does not flow, dirt does not get in, the wound heals faster.)
Even in ancient times, plantain was called the "Mother of all herbs" for its ability to heal wounds and diseases. With the help of plantain, you can stop bleeding, he knows how to heal wounds, treat various diseases. If you have rubbed a callus - attach a clean sheet of plantain, and it will be easier for you to walk.
Everything is healing: forest, meadows, fields.
Plantain, thickets of wormwood,
Generous, beautiful land,
Like a doctor heals our wounds!
Physical education minute
The wind blows over the fields, (they fan their faces with their hands)
And the grass sways. (Smoothly shake hands over head)
The cloud floats above us
Like a white mountain (sipping, arms up)
The wind carries dust over the field (waving their hands)
The ears are leaning
Right-left, back-forward,
And then vice versa. (tilts right-left, back-forward)
We're climbing the hill (walking in place)
We'll have some rest there. (children sit down)
^ Primary pinning.
RT No. 1 p. 44
- Glue the drawings of herbs in the desired frame. Swap notebooks, check with each other.
Pair work.
- In the atlas-determinant, find these plants, find out the name and read the comments on them. Tell if you have seen these herbs and where.
(shepherd's purse, horse sorrel, burdock, quinoa, tansy, yarrow, celandine, bluegrass)
^ Conversation about the protection of nature.
Questions
I'm walking through a flowering meadow,
Dew dries on the leaves.
The wind shakes the grass elastically
They whisper: "Don't tear us, don't,
Our flexible stems don't wrinkle.
We are a joy for the eyes and for the heart,
Ornament of the native land»
3) Crossword - group work.
Conclusions and generalizations:
What did you learn in the lesson?
What do herbaceous plants look like in autumn?
What happens to herbs in late autumn?
Reflection and self-evaluation.
Who was interested in the lesson, who understood the material, select a square with green grass. Who did not remember everything - yellow grass. And who was not interested, who did not understand anything - choose red grass.
Homework.