Staging and automation of the sound l in syllables, words, sentences, articulatory gymnastics for the sound l. We teach the child to pronounce the letters l, p, w, w, k - without the participation of a speech therapist

Often today you can hear a disturbed pronunciation of the sound L. This violation is called labmdacism. So, instead of the word "shovel", they say, for example, "uvapata", "ropata" and so on. If a kid who is three years old talks like that, then this can even sometimes be touching. However, if an adult speaks like this, it is more likely to cause ridicule. To prevent this, it is necessary to consult a speech therapist in a timely manner. And this must be done as soon as possible.

Speech therapists sometimes believe that it is possible to correct the incorrect pronunciation of the sound L at primary school or senior preschool age. Believe me, such experts are wrong. After all, how correctly a child speaks depends on his mastery of reading, writing and sound-letter analysis of words. And in general, the formation of a child, as successful person. And if this problem is still not cured in adults, then you should take action, and a start can be made with the help of our tips and recommendations.

What should be the position of the organs of articulation for the correct pronunciation of the sound L?

The vocal cords vibrate.
The soft palate should be located so that it closes the passage to the nasal cavity.
The root of the tongue is raised.
The lateral edges of the tongue should not be adjacent to the upper molars in order to leave passages for the air that you exhale.
The tense tip of the tongue should rest against the gums or upper teeth.
The lower and upper teeth should not be very far apart.
The position of the lips should change and depend on the vowels that come after the sound L.

The most common mistakes when pronouncing the sound L

Forced expiration, resulting in a sound that resembles the sound H (air goes through the nose) or the sound F (with the participation of the cheeks).
Replacing L with R, for example, “redheads”, not “skis”.
Incorrect position of the lips, the sound combination “uva” is heard, for example, “pashuva”, and not “gone”.
The tongue is in the depths of the mouth, the sound Ы is heard, for example, “yozhka”, and not “spoon”.

We prepare the speech apparatus for the pronunciation of the sound L

To do the exercise called "Smile" it is necessary to do the following actions: smile so that the lips stretch, and then return to their original state.
"Tubule" can be done in two ways. First - close your teeth, pull your lips forward and transform them into a square. The second is to imitate the pronunciation of the sound U (only without a voice).
"Needle": Smile and stick a sharp tongue out of your mouth.
“We will punish the naughty tongue”: Place a wide tongue on the lower lip. You can make a small hole. It is important that the language is not very tense.
"Turkey": open your mouth, place your tongue on your upper lip, and then make stroking movements from top to bottom with it. You can add the sound combination "bl-bl-bl".
"Ride on a horse": smile, lift your tongue up to the alveoli and “suck”. Then click on them, imitating the "clatter of hooves."
"Let's ride the swings": smile. First, lower the sharp tip of the tongue by the lower teeth, and then lift it by the upper ones.

Several ways to set the sound L

First way. Open your mouth wide. Make sure that the upper and lower teeth are visible. Then stick out a wide tongue between your teeth, pronounce the sound A and immediately press it with your teeth. As a result, you will get a combination of sounds A and L. As soon as you manage to pronounce the sound L in this position, move your tongue to the correct position - it should be raised up and rest against the gums or teeth.

The second way. Say the sound Y. Then say simple words in which the syllable LY is present, for example, lyko, skis, and so on. When you manage to pronounce the sound L in the interdental position, move the tip of the tongue to the correct position.

Video lessons

We teach the child to pronounce the problematic sounds l, r, w, w, k without a speech therapist. Setting the sound "p" in 15 seconds. Free classes and rules for organizing them at home with mom. Logopedic gymnastics.

A clear, beautiful and diverse speech of a child is a natural desire of any mother. Do not panic if by the age of 3.5 the baby does not speak all the letters. But problems with the pronunciation of sounds in the age range of 4-5 years are a reason to think about the presence of defects.
Incorrect pronunciation of the letter "l" is the most common problem in children's speech. Very often, kids try to replace a hard sound with a soft one, or insert a “v” sound into a word. Less commonly, there is a replacement of the solid sound “l” with “th”, as well as its skipping.
This process can be caused by a number of reasons:

Imitation of incorrect speech of an adult environment
Problems with the speech apparatus
Congenital or acquired hearing impairments
Psychologically difficult atmosphere in the family

Before you panic and "drag" children to a speech therapist and psychologist, you should try to cope with this complexity on your own.

Remember! Each preschooler has an individual pace of development and assimilation of information. In most cases, boys are slightly behind girls.

Is it so difficult to teach a child to pronounce sounds on their own?

Organizing home speech therapy classes to set the correct pronunciation on your own is quite simple. The most important condition that must be followed is to conduct them in the form of a game. The kid should be interested. In no case should he be pressured, otherwise interest in the lessons will simply disappear.
Children need to be given information in a dosed manner. It is better to start with 4-5 sessions per week for 10-15 minutes, gradually increasing the frequency and amount of exercises.
How to teach a child to pronounce sounds in front of a mirror? The baby must see what is happening with his mouth, how his lips behave and at the same time follow his mother. It is recommended to arrange a fairly comfortable place and hang a mirror so that the son or daughter can see his reflection freely, in a sitting position.

Important! Praise the child for every, even minor success, it is necessary!

Any lesson in orthoepy (correct literary pronunciation) must begin with a warm-up of the speech apparatus, that is, articulatory gymnastics.
The simplest and most effective of them:

"smile". We ask the baby to smile as widely as possible, but you do not need to show your teeth. Hold the lips in this position at the expense of 5
"pipe". The kid stretches his lips forward with a tube and holds in this position at the expense of 5
"fence". The child smiles and shows the upper and lower row of teeth. Duration - on account 5
"behemoth". Open your mouth wide, as when yawning, and hold it for up to 5 seconds
"snake". Stick out and hide the sharp tongue between tightly compressed lips. Repeat 5-7 times
"shovel". A wide, maximally relaxed tongue, put on the lower lip and hold for up to 3 seconds. Two repetitions in a row
"hours". We stick out the tongue and move it left and right for 3 seconds
"swing". The mouth is wide open, the tongue moves up and down. The duration of the exercise is 3-5 seconds
"brushing teeth" The mouth is open wide and the tongue is drawn along inner surface upper, and then lower teeth, from left to right and vice versa

The duration of the warm-up is usually 10 minutes and helps to train and at the same time relax the speaking muscles of the face. Sometimes, the methodical repetition of such classes for a month eliminates many of the child's problems with pronunciation and deprives the primary speech defects forever. After such a charge, it is worth starting to stage this or that sound.

K is a horse. We pronounce the letter "k" with the child

Cappacism - this name is a violation of the pronunciation of the sounds "k", "k´". This is a back language group of sounds. When played, it suggests a high rise of the root of the tongue. The “fun wrestler” exercise will help train him. The child opens his mouth and tries to push out forefinger adult with the tip of the tongue, while pronouncing ta-ta-ta. The more resistance the tongue experiences, the faster it will become a slide at the base. This will automatically result in the transformation of "t" into "k". Of course, the hands of an adult must first be washed and treated with alcohol. The exercise must be performed gradually, starting with low pressure, to avoid a gag reflex.

L - lama. Teaching a child to pronounce the letter "l"

The correct pronunciation of the sound "l" is one of the simplest speech therapy tasks. The place of registration of this sound is at the tip of the tongue in the position “behind the upper teeth”.
In order to put it, you need to place the tongue between the front teeth and lightly pinch. Then pronounce lingering “s-s-s” with a sharp pull of the tongue back. To consolidate the effect, you need to try to combine the resulting sound "l" with the vowels "a", "o", "e", etc. That's all!

Sh - scarf. We teach the child to pronounce the letter "sh"

The opening of the sound "sh" at home occurs through the strengthening of the muscles of the lips. Not every preschooler can do this at first. First you need to perform the “tube” and “smile” exercises from the warm-up complex with a crumb. You need to start with a pace on the count of three, gradually increasing the speed of alternately changing the position of the lips. You can connect other ways to train the labial muscles.
The next step is to establish the correct position of the tongue near the upper palate. To do this, you can invite the child to imitate the sound of a horse's hooves. Next - to show how the wind blows on a dandelion. All positions from the complex are recommended to be performed sequentially, for 3-5 seconds each.
The pronunciation is fixed through the fixation of a flat, relaxed tongue near the palate with its simultaneous reproduction.
Sometimes the method of physical influence, which experienced speech therapists like to use, helps. With a simple wooden stick, the child is helped to hold the tongue against the palate. At the same time, he is asked to forcefully blow the air out of his mouth. The sound "sh" is produced automatically.

J is a giraffe. We teach the child to pronounce the voiced letter "g"

The mechanism for opening the sound “zh” in a child occurs approximately according to the same principle as “sh”, but loudly. Correct position the speech apparatus at the same time: the relaxed tongue is at the top with a bucket, the teeth are in the position of the fence, the lips are forward, the larynx is tense. We're trying to get the right sound.

R - frame. Difficult mission, but real! Learning how to pronounce the letter "r"

As a rule, speech therapists put this sound last, because it is quite difficult to pronounce. The main task is to rid the child of the habit of reproducing the letter with his throat in order to avoid the "burry" effect.
AT game form the baby is invited to stick the tongue to the palate and ask to forcefully exhale air at its tip for 10 seconds. Children repeat this exercise with pleasure, because it tickles so funny in the mouth. To consolidate the skill of correctly pronouncing the letter p, the baby can be offered to roar like a lion. If you repeat this game often enough, after a while you can forget about the problem of burr forever.

The best exercises for children - pronounce letters together: video

Has it happened that the child does not pronounce the letters? The video will clearly help with this.

A fairly large percentage of parents are faced with a problem when their growing baby does not pronounce words and certain letters. For some, this can go away on its own, as they say, the child pronounces. And other children need to work to learn how to pronounce this or that sound correctly.

A clear pronunciation of sounds is very important, since school performance, and self-confidence and self-confidence, largely depend on this. Speech defects can play a negative role already in adulthood and prevent self-fulfillment and success.

Among all the letters in the alphabet, there are those that are difficult for most children to pronounce - this is the sound "r", for example.

If we talk about the letter “l”, then it is considered easy to pronounce, and children can be taught how to pronounce it correctly in a few lessons. In this article we will tell you how to teach your baby to pronounce the letter "l".

From this article you will learn

Why speech defects occur

Before teaching children to pronounce the sound "l", it is important to understand what led to the development of just such a speech defect. There are several main reasons.

Oddly enough, one of the reasons why there are problems with pronunciation is the habit of lisping with your child. If you notice that the baby has begun to pronounce sounds poorly, then analyze your speech when you address the child.

If you pronounce a letter incorrectly, then most likely your baby will speak exactly the same way. Since he simply did not hear another and considers it normal. Try to speak clearly pronouncing all the sounds.

The second reason why the sound “l” was underdeveloped is the anatomical features of the development of the child. These include too short frenulum, soft palate, cleft lip. All these developmental anomalies prevent the tongue and uvula from moving correctly, which makes it impossible to pronounce the sound in words containing this letter.
Another reason that may affect the fact that the child begins to speak incorrectly is a developmental disorder of the hearing aid. In this case, he simply hears the letter incorrectly, which leads to the formation of a defect.

A speech therapist will be able to determine the true reason that led to the formation of an incorrect pronunciation. This specialist should be contacted if defects in a child are observed after 4.5 years.

Until this age, the sound "l" can form itself. It is believed that after 4.5 years the baby is fully formed speech apparatus, and any mispronunciation should be corrected in time. The sooner you try to teach how to do it right, the better for the child.

How should the articulatory organs be located when pronouncing "l"

Incorrect pronunciation of words containing the letter “l”, children can also notice different things:

skipping a consonant when pronouncing a word (horse - horse);
replacing the sound “l” with “y” (shovel - uopata) or with the sound “y” (spoon - yozhka);

Incorrect pronunciation can only be noticed when speaking words containing the letter "l" in a soft or only hard form.

The sound "l" is pronounced by resting the tip of the tongue against the upper teeth, the air being pushed out is quite strong and passes along the sides of the tongue. However, they do not rest against the lateral dentition.

Interestingly, numerous studies have shown that for every adult who knows how to correctly pronounce words with “l”, the position of the articulatory organs may change slightly, but the principle of their location is the same.

Teaching a child to say the letter "l" does not cause much difficulty. This can be done easily and at home by spending several sessions with the baby, using the right speech therapy exercises.

A set of exercises for setting the correct pronunciation of the sound "l"

Before any speech therapy lesson it is necessary to warm up the organs of the articulatory apparatus. This is the same warm-up gymnastics.

For children, such activities are held in a playful way and they really like it. Ask your baby to show you his tongue, smile, twist his lips, folded into a tube, open and close his mouth wide.

Spend a few breathing exercises. This will be enough to set up the child's speech apparatus for further work and teach children to pronounce words correctly.

Smile. This exercise is very fun for kids. Ask the baby, without opening his lips, smile with his whole mouth and freeze in this position for up to ten seconds. You can do this up to 8 times.
Delicious honey. With your mouth slightly open, use the tip of your tongue to ask your child to lick their lips, as after tasting delicious honey. The exercise should be done for at least one minute.
Breeze. Blow air through a slightly open mouth, while biting the tip of the tongue. The exercise is performed for about three minutes.
The clatter of a horse. Show pictures. Ask the baby what kind of animal it is and ask only to click with your tongue, as a horse does. First, speed up the pronunciation of the sound, and then muffle it.
Show me your tongue. This exercise is also very entertaining for children, as adults allow him to do what was previously forbidden. Ask the child to push the tongue forward as much as possible and try to reach it to the chin. The next step is to reach the tip of the nose.

If parents are faced with the task of teaching a child to pronounce "l", then it must be remembered that the learning process should be interesting for children. To do this, use bright pictures, for example, horses for the exercise of the same name.

The classes themselves should last no more than 5 minutes, as this is exactly the time when a 4-year-old kid can focus on completing one task.

Children who have problems pronouncing a word containing the letter “l” should do more drawing, applications, that is, exercises on fine motor skills. This helps not only to develop speech and teach how to pronounce words correctly, but also contributes to better intellectual development.

The child does not pronounce the letter "L" - what to do? Contact a speech therapist or correct the defect yourself? What should parents do? Let's figure it out together.

The choice of method by which a child can be taught to speak correctly and coherently is based on his age. Children preschool age easier to assimilate the material that is presented in a playful way. This method is effective and efficient in most cases.

Practicing the correct pronunciation of "L" is similar to a similar action in the case of the sound "R". Our speech is based on exhalation. It is desirable to be able to breathe correctly.

How to learn to pronounce the letter l is a question that is relevant for both children and adults who at one time did not get rid of the defect. Today, there are certain exercises aimed at setting the right speech. Parents who want to help their child without going to a doctor can try different options. To teach him to breathe correctly, they can inflate with the baby Balloons, distill light objects from place to place, for example, cotton balls, feathers.

In the process of all of the above manipulations, the child should not puff out his cheeks.

Having decided to start staging a hard sound l or soft, parents first of all need to find out exactly how the classes will take place. Children younger age they cannot always understand what the meaning of articulation exercises is. In this case, the atmosphere of the game plays an important role. You need to start small, gradually increasing the pace.

It is believed that teaching a child to pronounce the letter "L" is quite simple. Initially, parents should introduce the baby to all the organs that are involved in the articulation process. It is necessary to explain in an accessible way what the teeth, mouth, cheeks do.

So how to teach a child to say the letter l correctly? There are certain exercises - articulation gymnastics, which are aimed at developing and improving mobility. speech organs. When demonstrating them, it is better if the parents and the child sit opposite the mirror or each other. Thus, the baby will be able to visually perceive and remember classes.

Uncomplicated and effective exercises. How to put a solid l in a playful way for a child?

"Horse". You should smile, open your mouth and show your teeth. Like a horse, we click our tongue, gradually increasing the speed, while the lower jaw is motionless.
"Breeze". Smile with open mouth. We bite the tip of the tongue with our front teeth and blow (you can bring a feather or a piece of cotton to the baby’s mouth - it will be more interesting for him to repeat).
"Jam". We make circular movements with our tongue, licking our lips from top to bottom (we perform one minute).
"Steamboat hum". With a parted mouth, we pronounce "s" for a long time. In this case, we lower the tip of the tongue, and raise its back to the sky.

It is advisable for parents to often engage in modeling, drawing with their child, create applications that stimulate the nerve endings on the hands, which will help in the development of speech.

Even with the conscientious performance of all exercises, sometimes parents fail to independently teach the baby to speak correctly. Then the question arises, how to put the sound l to the child? Specialist help required. Situations that require a speech pathologist:

in the family, Russian is not their native language, and parents speak with an accent, which complicates the production of sounds;
one of the parents has poor diction;
with long and persistent exercises, there is no effect.

It is not difficult to teach a child to pronounce the sound "L" if the process carries a positive atmosphere. Enjoying the lessons, the child will quickly learn a new letter. In addition to exercises, parents can use tongue twisters that will speed up learning.

Competent, clear, pure and rhythmic speech of a child is not a gift, it is acquired through the joint efforts of parents, teachers and many other people, surrounded by whom the baby grows and develops.First of all, such speech is characterized by the correct pronunciation of sounds, which, in turn, is ensured by good mobility and differentiated work of the organs of the articulatory apparatus. Articulation gymnastics helps to develop clear and coordinated movements of the organs of the articulatory apparatus. A set of exercises is offered to the attention of parents, with the help of which you can help your child pronounce the sound [l] correctly.

k[L]assnaya cog[L]asnaya

At an early age, the child's imitative abilities are extremely great, he easily and naturally learns a huge number of new words, learns to pronounce the words he likes with pleasure, and strives to use them more often in speech. However, his articulation capabilities are not yet perfect, phonemic hearing develops gradually, so the correct pronunciation of complex sounds will remain inaccessible to the child for a long time.

Some exercises a child can master in one or two lessons, others are given to him not immediately. Perhaps the development of a certain articulation pattern will require many repetitions. Sometimes failure causes a child to refuse further work. In this case, do not focus on what is not working. Encourage him, return to a simpler, already worked out material, reminding him that once this exercise also did not work.

Rules and nuances

To make it more interesting for the child, invite him to become a teacher, educator: take the child’s favorite toy (doll, bear) and let them do articulation exercises, pronounce sounds and syllables, repeat words and tongue twisters.

It is necessary to carry out articulation gymnastics daily so that the motor skills developed in children are consolidated and become more durable.

Direct work on the development of articulatory motor skills should take at least 5 minutes, and the entire lesson should take 10-12 minutes. Do the exercises yourself in front of a mirror.

Performing articulation exercises is hard work for a child. Praise and encouragement will give the baby self-confidence and help to quickly master this or that movement, and therefore, quickly master the correct pronunciation of speech sounds.

Sound [l]

For the correct pronunciation of the sound, it is necessary to develop: lifting the tip of the tongue up, lifting the back of the back of the tongue up.

We call sound. Bare your teeth in a "smile" and bite your wide tongue without sticking it out too much or straining. Do not make the tongue narrow, otherwise the sound will soften. Biting the tongue, at the same time we pronounce the sound [a], getting - la-la-la, then we slow down and start just buzzing: “l-l-l” (without the vowel “a”). Make sure that the corners of the mouth are stretched in a “smile”: warm air comes out through them.

Sometimes, under tension, the child cannot turn on the vocal folds when pronouncing the open syllable “la-la-la”. In this case, you can start with the vowel "A" - "a-la-la", "a-la-la". A wide tongue constantly lies on the lower teeth without tension. If a child can hold out the sound [l] for a long time, then it means that he succeeds in it and it is possible to consolidate it.

Fixing the sound. To fix the sound [l], [l "] in speech, you can use the game "Wonderful bag" or a variant of the game "What is hiding under the tablecloth?" The child must by touch determine which object is in the bag or under the tablecloth. such that the desired sound in the words-names was in a different position: at the beginning of the word, in the middle, at the end.

To consolidate the sounds, use the ability of four-year-old children to easily memorize verses. Read the poems of Marshak, Barto, Zakhoder and other children's authors to children, ask the child to finish the last word in the line, the last line in the poem, then the quatrain, then the whole poem.

An exercise

Find pictures in the names of which the sound [l] is at the beginning of the word: paw, lamp, shovel, lotto, bow, moon; middle: saw, blanket, doll, clown; and at the end: table, floor, woodpecker. Then come up with sentences with these words, for example: Mila put the lamp on the table.

Sound [l "]

After automation [l] solid, soft sound easy to imitate. In front of the mirror, say the syllables: "li-li-li", while the lips are in a smile, the upper and lower teeth are visible, and the tip of the tongue knocks on the tubercles behind the upper teeth.

Disadvantages of pronunciation of sounds [l], [l "] are called lambdacisms. Lambdacisms include the absence of sound [l] and its distortion (interdental, nasal or bilabial sound, etc.).

Since the articulation of a hard sound [l] is more difficult than the articulation of a soft one, it is most often violated.

Replacing the sounds [l], [l "] with other sounds is called paralambdacism.

The reasons leading to the incorrect pronunciation of the sound [l]: a shortened hyoid ligament, which limits the upward movement of the tip of the tongue; weakness of the muscles of the tongue; phonemic hearing impairment.

Distortion of sounds [l], [l "]

The sound is pronounced interdentally. The tip of the tongue, instead of rising beyond the upper incisors, comes out between the teeth.

Nasal pronunciation of sound. The tongue touches the back of the soft palate, and not the tip of the upper incisors, as happens with the correct pronunciation of the sound [l]. In this case, the air stream partially or completely passes through the nose. The child’s speech will sound like this: “Mouse of the spring jinga, down in the unggu spanga.”

Replacing the sound [th]. In this disorder, the tip of the tongue stays down instead of rising past the upper incisors, and the middle back arches up instead of down. The child says this: "The mouse is happier, down in the coal junction."

Sound replacement [y]. With this violation, the lips, not the tongue, take an active part in the formation of sound. With this substitution, the child’s speech sounds like this: “Mouse veseuo zhiua, down in fluff in uguu spaua.”

Sound replacement [s]. With this violation, the back of the back of the tongue is raised, and the tip is lowered. Children do not notice that they are replacing the sound, and adults often believe that the sound [l] is skipped. The child says: "The mouse is veseyo zhya, down in the ugu spaya."

Sound replacement [e]. With such a replacement, the tongue does not take part, the lower lip moves to the upper incisors. Children and adults often believe that this is not a lack of speech, but only a slurred pronunciation. With this substitution, we hear: "The mouse is alive, in fluff in the ugvu spava."

Sound replacement [g]. In this case, the tip of the tongue does not rise to the upper incisors, but descends and retracts from the lower incisors, the back of the back of the tongue rises and rests against the soft palate, instead of just rising. The child’s speech sounds like this: “The mouse of the weight is jig, down in the ugg spaga.”

Games to prepare for the pronunciation of the sound [l]

pancake

Purpose: to develop the ability to keep the tongue in a calm, relaxed position.

Smile, open your mouth and put a wide tongue on your lower lip (do not pull your lip over your lower teeth). Hold in this position for a count of 1 to 5-10.

delicious jam

Purpose: to work out the movement of the wide front of the tongue up.

We lick the upper lip with the wide tip of the tongue, making tongue movements from top to bottom, but not from side to side. Do not help with the lower lip.

The steamer is humming

Purpose: to develop a rise in the back and root of the tongue, to strengthen the muscles of the tongue.

With your mouth open, pronounce the sound [s] for a long time. Make sure that the tip of the tongue is at the bottom, deep in the mouth.

Turkey

Purpose: to develop the rise of the tongue, to develop the flexibility and mobility of its front part.

With your mouth open, move the wide tip of the tongue along the upper lip back and forth, try not to tear your tongue away from the lip, as if stroking it, gradually speed up the movements until you get the sound [blbl] (like a turkey mumbles).

Swing

Purpose: to develop the ability to quickly change the position of the tongue, to develop the flexibility and accuracy of the movements of the tip of the tongue.

With your mouth open (lips in a smile), put the tip of the tongue behind the lower teeth and hold in this position for a count of 1 to 5, then lift the wide tip of the tongue for the upper teeth and hold in this position for a count of 1 to 5. So alternately change the position tongue 6 times. Keep your mouth open.

Let's click!

Purpose: to strengthen the tip of the tongue, to develop a lift of the tongue.

With your mouth open, flick the tip of your tongue slowly at first, then faster. Make sure that the lower jaw does not move, only the tongue works. Silently flick the tip of your tongue. Make sure that the tip of the tongue rests on the palate behind the upper teeth, and does not protrude from the mouth.

Pronunciation of syllables with movements