The article presents exercises for speech breathing, diction exercises, exercises for voice development. This didactic material will help to form the correct speech breathing and excellent diction in younger children. school age, school age, teenagers and adults.
Dictionary exercises
1. Say the following combinations of sounds:
tadita - tadita
tadito - tadityo
taditu - tadityu
tadity - taditi
tadite - tadite datida - datidya
datido - datidyo
datidu - datidu
datids - datidi
datide - datide
Rla - rly - rly - rl - rl - rl - rl - rl - rl - rl
Mfa - mfya - mfo - mfyo - mfu - mfyu - mfe - mfe - mfy - mf
Drda - drde, drdo - drde, drdu - drde, drde - drde, drde - drde
Vzva - vzra - fstra - insert - fksta
2. Say tongue twisters:
Rhododendrons from the arboretum.
In our backyard, the weather got wet.
Thirty-three ships tacked - tacked, but did not catch.
Queen Clara severely punished Charles for stealing the coral.
He reported, but did not report, he reported, but he reported.
Osip is hoarse, Arkhip is hoarse.
The heron withered, the heron withered, the heron died.
Intendant incident.
Challenger Precedent.
Konstantin stated.
Two rivers: Vazuza with Gzhat, Vazuza with Gzhat.
Mother Romasha gave whey from yogurt.
Thaler plate stands.
I praise halva.
The king is an eagle.
Libretto "rigoletto".
The weaver weaves fabrics for Tanya's scarves.
And I don't feel sick.
The water carrier was carrying water from under the water supply.
The bull is stupid-cube, the blunt-mouthed bull, the bull's white lip was blunt.
Deftly maneuvering in laryngology, the laryngologist easily cured laryngitis.
Bombardier bombarded Brandenburg.
Jasper in suede is mossy.
Near the stake of the bell, near the gate there is a bell.
All tongue twisters you can’t re-speak, you can’t over-speak.
3. Say the words below in a whisper, but clearly and clearly, so that they can be heard by a person sitting not far from you in the same room:
corrupt practices,
go on a rampage
conditioned
transportable,
perched,
testify
needy,
catastrophic,
helsingfors,
artillery.
Say the same words a little louder, but so clearly and clearly that they can be heard by a person sitting in another room.
Breathing exercises
I want to tell you about the most amazing, the most amazing, the most wonderful, the most wonderful, the most beautiful, the most amazing, the most rare, the most unusual, the most incredible, the most unexpected, the greatest, the most insignificant, the most ordinary, the most brilliant, the most magnificent and the most enviable thing...
2. Try to read the tongue twister in one breath:
How twenty-two Egorkas lived on a hill on a hill, one Egorka, two Egorkas, three Egorkas, four Egorkas ... and so on up to 22 Egoroks.
How many “Egoroks” will fit on one exhalation?
3. "Flower shop".
Starting position - standing. For control left hand put on the stomach, right on the ribs. Exhale (p-ff). At the same time, the stomach will be pulled in. Execution: while inhaling, imagine that you are smelling a flower. At the same time, the stomach moves forward, the ribs expand, fix the breath with a push of the stomach, pull up the lower abdomen (cough or urge to cough). After that, start exhaling slowly and smoothly on p-ffff, while the stomach is gradually drawn in, the ribs are lowered, the inhalation is short, the exhalation is long. Repeat the exercises two to three times.
4. "Candle" (smooth intense exhalation).
Take a narrow strip of paper (2–3 cm wide, 7–10 cm long) and, imagining that it is a candle, blow on it. It deviates from you - this is the "flame" deviated. Such a candle allows you to visually monitor the evenness of the exhaled air stream; exhale evenly - the paper is in one position - deviated (put the "flame" of the candle and keep it in this position). Note the slight tension in the area of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. A strong "breathing belt" maintains the evenness of the exhaled air stream.
5. Read the text, taking breath only at the end of each poetic line:
In the infinity of aspirations, the infinity of achievement / inhale - dobor /,
Anyone who loves May morning must wait forever for Spring / inhale - dobor /.
In every fleeting moment, luminosity is a suggestion / inhale - addition /,
Golden dreams are created from grains of sand / exhale on a pause /.
Moment by moment, star-shaped snowflakes curl in the Sky / inhale - dobor /,
With the wind they fall to the Earth, and lie like a white layer / inhale - dobor /,
But snowflakes cherish sleep, then - flower fluffs / inhale - dobor /,
Gentle, fresh dandelion with wet Spring /exhale on pause/.
K. Balmont
Voice exercises
1. "Malyar".
Imagine that you are painting the frame of a window, accompanying the movement of your hand (vertical movements) with the words “and up, and down, and up, and down, and up, and down ...”
The hand should be free, the movements are light, soft. First, small strokes only with the hand. The words follow, just as short.
The movements become more confident, wider (from the elbow) and the words are larger, and the voice rises higher and higher, along with the movement of the hand. The next wave - from the shoulder, the voice rises even higher and falls even lower.
Imagine that you are walking up the stairs. Count the floors by raising your voice (from 1 to 10):
and the third floor, etc.
and second floor
and first floor
Imagine that there are lessons. You are standing in the corridor and, not wanting to disturb the teachers, you must call the student standing by the window at the other end of the room. Let's say his name is Serezha. And now the break has begun, you are not afraid that you will interfere, and call louder.
Golovina Anastasia Ivanovna,
teacher speech therapist,
MBOU Tesinskaya secondary school No. 10
age.
Card file of games for the development of proper speech breathing in preschool children.
Breathing exercises must be performed daily, including them in health-improving gymnastics; during classes, including them at the organizing moment or in a physical education minute. Exercise is best done in game form so that children perform them with interest and pleasure.
Exercises for the development of physiological breathing
"Flower shop"
(We are in a flower shop. The air is filled with different aromas. The smell of some flower prevails. Look for the smell, name this flower) Slowly, calmly, take a deep breath. How noiselessly air pours in through dilated nostrils! The chest is expanded (not raised). Shoulders - "hanging". Inhale. Delay (looking for, found a smell). Exhalation.
"Skier Competition"
Figures of skiers (cut out of thin cardboard) stand on the edge of the table. Children are called in pairs. Each child sits opposite the skier. The teacher warns that it is possible to advance the skier only on one exhalation, it is impossible to blow several times in a row. At the signal "Let's go", the children blow on the figures. The rest of the children are watching whose skier will go further (slide on the table)
“Which ship is better? »
Each child is given a clean vial. The teacher says: “Children, look how my bubble buzzes if I blow into it (pee). Buzzed like a steamboat. And how will Misha's steamer hum? » The teacher calls all the children in turn, and then invites everyone to hum together. It should be remembered: for the bubble to buzz, the lower lip should lightly touch the edge of its neck. The air jet must be strong. Each child can only blow for a few seconds to avoid dizziness.
“Who can blow on the leaves longer? »
The teacher has leaves of different trees on threads. “Look, children. These leaves flew to us along with the breeze. They are so pretty and light. Let's, like a breeze, blow on these leaves, like this. (Show how to blow). I wonder whose leaf will be able to spin in the wind longer than others. The teacher watches that the children do not puff out their cheeks, do not tense up, blow on the leaves easily and calmly.
Exercises for the development of speech breathing
"Woodcutter"
The children are standing. Feet shoulder-width apart, arms down and fingers interlocked. Quickly raise your hands - inhale, lean forward, slowly lowering the "heavy ax", say - wow! - on a long exhalation.
Spring has come. But winter does not want to leave. She gets angry, sends blizzards and snowstorms. The blizzard howls: woo. The wind whistles: s-s-s-s. The wind bends the trees: sh-sh-sh-sh. But now the blizzard began to subside. (Repeat the same, only quieter). And quieted down.
"By the Sea"
Imagine yourself on the beach. Close eyes. Hear how the wave runs: ssss. Sand is pouring: s-s-s-s. The wind sings a song: s-s-s-s. And the sand scatters: s-s-s-s.
The teacher loudly pronounces the sound on the exhale: a-a-a-a. And the child quietly responds: ah-ah-ah-ah. You can play using vowel sounds, as well as combinations: ay, wah, io. etc. and individual words: “Ay, Olya! Hey Petya! ".
"Bubble"
Several children stand with their heads bowed down, holding hands. Then, slowly raising their heads and hands, they say: “Inflate, bubble, inflate big, stay like that, but don’t burst. "At the signal of the teacher:" The bubble has burst! » Children slowly lower their heads and hands, pronouncing s-s-s for a long time. or w-sh-sh., imitating the outgoing air. Make sure that when pronouncing a sound, the children do not puff out their cheeks (the bubble releases air, not inflates.).
"Crow"
Children are sitting. The arms are lowered along the body. Quickly raise your hands through the sides up - inhale, slowly lower your hands - exhale. Say "ka-a-ar! »
"Nice smell"
The teacher has two or three living flowers, the most familiar to children, for example, lilies of the valley, violet, lilac. Flowers can be replaced with fruits with a certain smell (orange, lemon, apple) or leaves (currant, poplar, bird cherry). The child smells the flower and on the exhale says the phrase “Smells good” or “Very pleasant smell”, etc.
"Say the words"
The teacher invites the children to take a deep breath and, as they exhale, say: “Thirty-three Yegorkas lived on a hillock, near a Christmas tree.” Take a deep breath and as you exhale say: “One Yegorka, two Yegorkas, three Yegorkas. »
The child is invited to blow on cotton wool, small pieces of paper, fluffs and thereby turn an ordinary room into a snowy forest. The lips of the child should be rounded and slightly extended forward. It is advisable not to puff out your cheeks when performing this exercise.
"Ships".
Fill the basin with water and teach the child to blow on light objects in the basin, such as boats. You can arrange a competition: whose boat sailed further. It is very good for these purposes to use plastic eggs from "kinder surprises" or packaging from shoe covers issued by machines.
"Football".
Build a gate from a designer or other material, take a ping-pong ball or any other light ball. And play football with your child. The child must blow on the ball, trying to drive it into the gate. You can take two balls and play the game: "Who is faster."
"Bulbuli".
Take two plastic transparent cups. Pour a lot of water into one, almost to the brim, and pour a little into the other. Invite your child to play "bulbulki" with the help of straws for a cocktail. To do this, in a glass where a lot of water needs to be blown through a tube weakly, and in a glass where there is little water, you can blow strongly. The task of the child is to play "bulbulki" so as not to spill water. Be sure to pay attention to the child's words: weak, strong, much, little. This game can also be used to consolidate the knowledge of colors. To do this, take multi-colored cups and tubes and invite the child to blow into the green cup through the green tube, etc.
"Magic Bubbles"
Invite your child to play with bubbles. He can blow soap bubbles himself, but if he can’t blow or he doesn’t want to do it, then you blow the bubbles, directing them to the child. This encourages the child to blow on the bubbles so that they do not hit him.
"Pipe".
Invite the child to stick out the narrow tongue forward, lightly touching the glass vial with the tip of the tongue. Blow air onto the tip of the tongue so that the bubble whistles like a pipe.
"Mouth harmonica".
Invite your child to become a musician, let him play the harmonica. At the same time, your task is not to teach him how to play, so do not pay attention to the melody. It is important that the child inhales air through the harmonica and exhales into it.
Buy large colored candles and play with them. You light candles and ask the child to blow on the blue candle, then on the yellow one, etc. You need to blow slowly, the breath should not be noisy, you should not puff out your cheeks. First, the candle can be brought closer to the child, then gradually remove it.
"Mowers".
This exercise can be performed to the sounds of a march: for a weak part of the melody, inhale and “take the scythe” to the side, for a strong one, exhale and “swipe the scythe”.
"Giraffe and Mouse"
Purpose: the formation of speech breathing and the correct sound pronunciation.
The child stands upright, then kneels, raises his hands up, stretches and looks at his hands - inhale (" The giraffe has a big growth."). Squats, clasping his knees with his hands and lowering his head, - exhale, with the pronunciation sound sh-sh-sh(". The mouse has a small one").
Then the child goes and at the same time says:
Our giraffe went home
Together with a gray mouse.
The giraffe is big
The mouse is small.
(Repeat 6-8 times.)
"Frog Frog" (Age - 4 years)
Purpose: development of coordination of visual, auditory and motor analyzers, formation of correct speech breathing.
Material: cord, chairs.
A large circle is drawn in the middle of the site or a thick cord is placed in the shape of a circle. Inside the circle - "swamp". A group of children is located on the edge of the circle, the rest sit on chairs placed on one side of the site. Together with the children sitting on chairs, the leader recites:
Along the path, along the path
Jumping, jumping frogs.
Kwa-kva-kva,
Jumping, jumping frogs.
Qua-qua-qua.
Children sitting in a circle jump up and down, imitating frogs. At the end of the poem, the children sitting on the chairs clap their hands (they scare the "frogs"). "Frrogs" jump into the "swamp": they jump over the line and squat down, pronouncing "qua-qua" with a deep exhalation.
At the end of the game, the leader asks the children to stretch, raise their hands up, look at them (inhale).
Purpose: development of phonemic hearing - to teach children to recognize sounds and highlight them, determine the place of sound in the name of an object.
"Vodichka"
Purpose: development of speech breathing (pronunciation of a sound on one exhalation, lingering, formation of the correct pronunciation of the sound C.
Material: tap with water, picture of washing children.
An adult opens a water tap and draws the child's attention to how the water flowing from the tap "sings" (s-s-s). Then he shows a picture of washing children and reads a nursery rhyme: Vodichka, some water, Wash my face, To make my eyes sparkle, To make my cheeks blush, To make a mouth laugh, To bite a tooth!
An adult, together with a child, repeats the nursery rhyme 3-4 times and at the end of the game invites him to “sing” a song of water. The child sings a "long song", that is, he pronounces the sound C with a drawl.
"Captains"
Purpose: development of the ability to combine the pronunciation of a sound with the beginning of an exhalation, the alternation of a long, smooth and strong exhalation; development of the ability to pronounce the sound Ф for a long time on one exhalation and repeatedly pronounce the sound P (p-p-p) on one exhale; activation of the muscles of the lips.
Material: a basin of water and paper boats.
On a small table is a basin of water, where a paper boat floats. The child sits on a chair and blows on the boat, pronouncing the sound F or P.
An adult invites the child to ride a boat from one city to another, marking the cities with icons on the edges of the pelvis.
The adult explains to the child that in order for the boat to move, you need to blow on it slowly, folding your lips as if to pronounce the sound F. You can simply blow - stretching your lips with a tube, but not puffing out your cheeks. The ship with an even "wind" moves smoothly and confidently sails towards the target.
“But here comes a gusty wind,” says the adult, “it blows unevenly: p-p-p. The child repeats and strives to drive the boat to a certain place.
An adult makes sure that when pronouncing the sound F, the child does not puff out his cheeks; the sound P was pronounced on one exhalation 2-3 times and also did not puff out his cheeks. Finishing the game, the child and the adult sing together:
Wind, breeze, Pull the sailboat! Drive the boat to the Volga River!
"Attentive radio operator"
Purpose: development of a sense of rhythm, the formation of speech breathing
The host says: “You will be a radio operator and, at my signal, you must tap (“knock”) with the edge of your palm and say how many claps I made and in what rhythm, and I will clap.”
The host claps and says "clap". The child listens to the rhythm and says "knock":
a) with an increase in the row: tuk - clap; knock, knock - clap, clap; knock, knock, knock - clap, clap, clap, etc.;
b) with a change of pace (fast - slow);
c) with a change in volume (from a quiet half-whisper to a loud voice) and motor efforts (from light touches to intense tapping).
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Exercises for the development of speech breathing, speech hearing and articulation apparatus in children
1. Exercises for the development of speech breathing
The source of the formation of speech sounds is an air stream leaving the lungs through the larynx, pharynx, oral cavity or nose. Proper speech breathing ensures normal sound formation, creates conditions for maintaining normal speech volume, strict adherence to pauses, maintaining speech fluency and intonation expressiveness.
1) "Blow off the balloon"
Purpose: development of correct speech breathing - long pronunciation of the consonant sound F on one exhalation.
Invite the kids to play this game: standing on the carpet, spread your arms wide apart - you get a ball, then pronounce the sound F for a long time, while bringing your hands in front of you - the ball is deflating. At the end, hug your shoulders - the balloon has deflated.
Let's play balls! Spread your arms out to the sides - that's it! Here are the big balls. Suddenly, a small hole formed in the balloon, and it began to deflate. Air comes out of the balloon: F-F-F! Ball deflated!
Remind the children to inhale as much air as the balloon is inflated, and then exhale it gradually and smoothly, making the sound F. You can’t get any air.
2) "Snake"
Purpose: development of correct speech breathing - prolonged pronunciation of the consonant sound Sh on one exhalation.
Invite the kids to play kite. The game is played on a carpet.
Let's play kite! The snakes have come out of their holes and are basking in the sun. The snakes hiss: “Shhh! »
Remind the children to take a deep breath and hiss for a long time. During a long pronunciation of the sound Ш it is impossible to get air.
3) "Pump"
Purpose: development of correct speech breathing - prolonged pronunciation of the consonant sound C on one exhalation.
Invite the kids to play pumps. The game is played on the floor and is accompanied by movements imitating pumping up a wheel with a pump.
Which of you loves to ride a bike? What about by car? Everyone loves. But sometimes the wheels of cars and bicycles are punctured and blown away. Let's take the pumps and pump up the wheels - like this! "S-S-S" - the pumps are working!
The adult shows the movements of the pump and explains that you should inhale more air while the pump is working, and then gradually exhale it smoothly, pronouncing the sound C. It is impossible to get air during the pronunciation of the sound. The pump can continue to work after a pause when the child takes the next breath. It is necessary to ensure that children do not overexert themselves during the game.
4) "Funny song"
Purpose: development of correct speech breathing - pronouncing several identical syllables on one exhalation - LA-LA.
The teacher brings a doll or nesting doll and invites the children to sing a funny song with her.
- Today Katya doll came to visit us. The doll dances and sings a song: “LA-LA-LA! LA-LA-LA! » Let's sing along with Katya!
While singing, make sure that the children pronounce three syllables in a row on one exhalation. Gradually, you can learn to sing longer songs on one exhale - 6-9 syllables in a row. Make sure the kids don't get overtired.
5) "Happy Journey"
Purpose: development of correct speech breathing - pronouncing several identical syllables on one exhalation - BI-BI, TU-TU.
Offer the kids an outdoor game.
Who among you likes to travel? Raise your hands, who rode the car. Now raise your hands who rode the train. Let's play with cars - the car goes and honks "Beep! "And now let's turn into trains -" TU-TU! »
Show how the car drives - walk around the room, turning an imaginary steering wheel. Depicting a train, twist your arms bent at the elbows in the direction back and forth.
Make sure that the children say two syllables in a row on one exhalation. Gradually, you can learn to pronounce more syllables on one exhalation: BE-BE-BE! TU-TU-TU-TU! Make sure the kids don't get overtired.
6) "Sounds around us"
Purpose: development of correct speech breathing - singing the vowels A, O, U, Y on one exhalation.
An adult invites children to play such a game.
All kinds of sounds are heard in the world around us. How does the baby cry? "A-A-A!" And how does a teddy bear sigh when his tooth hurts? "Oh-oh-oh!" The plane in the sky is buzzing: "U-U-U!" And the steamer on the river is buzzing: "S-S-S"! Repeat after me.
An adult draws the attention of children to the fact that each sound should be pronounced for a long time, on one exhalation.
2. Exercises for the development of speech hearing
Speech (phonemic) hearing is the ability to catch and distinguish sounds (phonemes) by ear. mother tongue, as well as understand the meaning of various combinations of sounds - words, phrases, texts. Speech hearing helps to differentiate human speech in terms of volume, speed, timbre, and intonation.
1) Exercise "Hare"
Purpose: To teach children to recognize who owns the spoken phrase. To carry out this exercise, the children choose the driver, blindfold his eyes with a thin handkerchief. Then each child in turn, changing his voice, pronounces a poem: “Hare, hare, jumping hare, come to me for tea, I will get a samovar. But first, guess who called you, find out! ". Those children whose voice was recognized by the presenter become the leaders themselves.
2) Exercise "Bear"
Purpose: to teach children to identify a friend by voice.
For this exercise, a driver is chosen, who is given a teddy bear (you can take any other toy). Next, the children are seated in a small semicircle, and the leader sits a little further away from them and turns his back to them. Then one of the children, on the unspoken command of the teacher, calls the bear: "Mishenka, come." The driver must guess who called the bear to turn around and approach that child, growl to him like a bear.
Exercise "Remember and repeat the words"
Purpose: To promote the accumulation of vocabulary and, as a result, the development of memory.
Fanta is being prepared for this game, it can be either stars cut out of paper, flags, etc. Before starting the exercise, children are given several pieces of fanta. The teacher then explains the game to the children. The game starts. The teacher pronounces several words in a row (5-6 words, and the children must repeat them in the same sequence as the teacher called them. If the child makes a mistake when repeating, that is, swaps them or forgets them completely, then this is already considered a loss and the child, in order to continue to stay in the game, gives one of his forfeits.The child who has more forfeits left wins.
3) Exercise "Be careful"
Purpose: to expand the vocabulary of children and teach them to correctly identify an object with its action.
The teacher explains to the children the course of this exercise: when he says wrong, then you don’t need to raise your hands, otherwise it will be considered a mistake. Children sit on chairs, calm down and begin to listen carefully to the teacher. The teacher sits opposite the children so that everyone can see him. And he begins at first slowly, clearly pronouncing each phrase, to say: “The car is moving” (children raise their hands). Further: “The crow flies, the dog barks, etc.”. Then the teacher begins to “get confused”, for example: “The cow is barking, the horse is flying, etc.”, here the children who listened carefully should not raise their hands, since the phrase is not correct. When the children learn how to conduct this exercise, it can be complicated, that is, to be the leader to offer the guys.
4) Exercise "Hot - cold"
Purpose: To teach children to more accurately use the concepts of "hot" and "cold".
To carry it out, children are seated in a semicircle on the floor (on the carpet, and they are given a ball. Children must roll the ball across the floor to each other. At the same time, the child who sends the ball says: “Cold”, which means that the child who the ball is sent, he can calmly take it with his hands.And if the child says the word "hot", then you can not touch the ball with your hands.
3. Exercises for the development of the articulatory apparatus.
1) Spatula
The mouth is open, a wide relaxed tongue lies on the lower lip.
One, two, three, four, five,
We go, we go for a walk
We will take all the spatulas and go to the sandbox.
I have a shovel
Wide and smooth.
2) "Cup"
The mouth is wide open. The anterior and lateral edges of the wide tongue are raised, but do not touch the teeth.
Do you like to drink tea?
Then don't yawn!
Open your mouth
Put up the cup.
3) "Arrow"
The mouth is open. Narrow tense tongue pushed forward.
Open your mouth wide
And pull your tongue forward.
One, two, three, four, five -
We will execute the arrow.
4) "Tubule"
The mouth is open. The lateral edges of the tongue are bent up.
Pull tongue forward
Yes, bend its edges.
How good is
Our pipe is a pipe!
5) "Fungus"
The mouth is open. Stick your tongue to the sky.
Like a real forest mushroom, the tongue rose and stuck.
And mushrooms grow in the forest
They are very tasty.
The tongue was put in like a fungus we got.
We went for a walk in the forest
And collect mushrooms.
Dynamic tongue exercises
1) "Watch"
The mouth is open. Lips stretched into a smile. With the tip of a narrow tongue, alternately stretch under the teacher's account to the corners of the mouth.
Open mouth wider
Tongue forward come on
Left, right,
tick yes yes
The time is right on the clock.
We open our mouths wider
We direct the tongue to the right.
Open even wider
We direct the tongue to the left.
Left - right, left - right,
Tip of the tongue, keep up with us.
Tongue and so and so
This clock is hanging.
We go: tick-tock, tick-tock.
We take every step.
Very sure we're going
We never fall behind.
2) "Snake"
The mouth is wide open. The narrow tongue is strongly pushed forward and removed deep into the mouth.
What's on the bench?
This is our snake.
Thin, long
And so important.
3) "Swing"
The mouth is open. With a tense tongue, reach alternately to the nose and chin, or to the upper and lower incisors.
We sang songs today
And swing on the swing
The tongue wobbled too.
Show me how? It seems.
Up - down, up - down,
Tongue, don't be lazy!
Get your chin
And don't forget about the nose!
Above the house
On the swing
We took off.
4) "Hide the candy"
The mouth is closed. With a tense tongue, rest against one or the other cheek.
One - I see a candy behind my right cheek,
Two - I see candy behind my left cheek,
Three - I don't see any candy!
We pull our hand to the sideboard, we need to hide the candy for us.
5) "Coil"
The mouth is open, the tip of the tongue rests against the lower incisors, the lateral edges are pressed against the upper lateral teeth. A wide tongue "rolls out" forward and retracts deep into the mouth.
My name is coil
But I'm not your toy.
Threads are wrapped around me
sew up all your pants.
6) "Horse".
Stick your tongue to the sky, click your tongue. Click slowly and strongly, pull the hyoid ligament.
Tsok - tsok - tsok!
We all said
how the horses galloped.
Here the horses galloped
Tongue, click with us.
Hey, where's the smile?
Teeth and sticky.
7) "Accordion"
The mouth is open. With a wide tip of the tongue, like a brush, we lead from the upper incisors to the soft palate.
Antoshka has an accordion.
Let's play a little.
Exercises for the pronunciation of individual sounds C - C
With the correct pronunciation of the sound “s”, the lips take the position of the next vowel, the teeth are brought together, the tip of the tongue rests on the lower incisors, the back of the tongue is curved, a groove is formed in the middle of it, along which the exhaled air stream is directed to the incisors. When pronouncing a soft sound "s", the back of the tongue is more curved towards the hard palate and the whole tongue is tense; the tip of the tongue rests more strongly on the incisors.
They gave a pacifier to Sana
He sits quietly with us.
3 - Zb When pronouncing the sounds "z", "z" ", the articulation mode is the same as when pronouncing the sounds "s", "s", only the vocal folds are closed and vibrate, the voice.
By the forest beyond the ravines.
The snake crawled in zigzags.
Ts The sound "ts" is formed as a result of the rapid merging of the sounds "t" and "s" ("ts").
Our Vasily is well done,
Ate pickled cucumber.
When pronouncing the sound “sh”, the parts of the articulatory apparatus occupy the following position:
-lips slightly pushed forward;
- the tip of the tongue is raised to the sky, but does not touch it, forming a gap;
- the lateral edges of the tongue are pressed against the upper molars, not passing a jet of exhaled air along the edges.
Grandma Natasha whispers:
“Don’t shawl, granddaughter Pasha! »
There is a car on the highway
Her tire was punctured.
Zh When pronouncing the sound "g" position speech organs the same as when pronouncing the sound "u", only the vocal folds are closed and vibrate, the voice sounds.
The beetle circles over the grass
And it buzzes, buzzes, buzzes.
3 - F Under the green under the bush
The hedgehog builds a house for himself.
The sound "h" is formed as a result of the rapid connection of the stop sound "t" with the subsequent slotted "u".
Piglet and Winnie the Pooh
Draw a clear circle.
The sound “u” sounds like a long sound “sh”, while the lips are pushed forward, the tip of the tongue is raised, as when pronouncing the sound “sh”, and forms a gap, the root of the tongue is raised.
Frost stings our cheeks,
Pinches forehead and pinches nose.
When pronouncing the sound "l", the position of the lips depends on the subsequent pronounced vowel. The upper and lower incisors are at a slight distance from each other. The tongue rests with the tip against the upper incisors or gums. The lateral edges of the tongue do not close with the molars, as a result of which passages for exhaled air remain on the sides. The root part of the tongue is raised, due to which the tongue takes the form of a saddle.
The soft sound "l" differs in articulation from the hard one in that it is not the root part of the tongue that rises, but the middle part of its back.
The cat laps milk
His belly became round.
When pronouncing the sound "p", the position of the lips depends on the subsequent sounds. There is some distance between the upper and lower teeth. The tongue takes the form of a spoon. Its lateral edges are adjacent to the upper molars, and the front edge (tip of the tongue) is raised to the alveoli, in contact with them and vibrates under the pressure of the exhaled air.
The soft sound "r" differs in articulation from the hard one by an additional rise in the back of the tongue to the palate and some of its movement forward.
Roma was happy today -
He went to the parade with his dad.
Lara walked in the meadow
And she lost her panama.
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Methodological development in speech therapy on the topic: Health-saving method: Development of speech breathing in preschoolers with speech disorders
Purpose of breathing exercises- increase the volume of breathing,
normalize its rhythm, develop a smooth, solid, economical exhalation.
Age: from 3 years old
1) Classes should start with the development physiological respiration.
The most important in the development of physiological respiration are the so-called classic exercises.
Their goal: coordination of oral and nasal breathing, development of the lower costal type of breathing with the active participation of the diaphragm.
2) Work on the development of speech breathing is carried out in the following sequence:
- without speech,
Games for the development of speech breathing in the middle, senior group
The development of speech breathing in speech therapy classes. Games for the development of speech breathing
Description: this article can be used by teachers as a speech to parents on parent meetings and for speaking to colleagues at methodical associations. The games described below can be used on speech therapy classes and in directly educational activities carried out by educators. Games for the development of speech breathing are intended for children of middle and older preschool age.
Proper speech breathing is necessary for the development of speech, since the respiratory system is nothing more than an energy base for speech system. Breathing influences sound pronunciation, articulation and voice.
Baby breath deficiencies can be overcome by:
1) the development of a deeper breath and a longer exhalation;
2) the development in children of the ability to breathe correctly in the process of speech.
We present the exercises to the child only in a playful way, do not forget that there are preschoolers next to us and the game is in the first place for them.
When conducting games aimed at developing a child's breathing, it is necessary to know and remember that breathing exercises quickly tire him and at the same time can cause dizziness. Therefore, games should be limited in time to 3-5 minutes with rest breaks. It should also be borne in mind that in all games that develop breathing, the rule is strictly observed: inhalation coincides with the expansion of the chest, exhalation coincides with its narrowing. In the process of speech, children learn to inhale only through the mouth, and not through the nose, as it should be done outside of speech acts.
To develop the child's breathing, many breathing games are used:
blow off snowflakes, papers, fluffs from the table, from the hand;
blow on light balls, pencils, candles;
blow on ducks, boats floating in the basin, blow on all kinds of turntables and so on;
inflate inflatable toys Balloons, blow bubbles;
In our kindergarten, games for the development of breathing are held not only in speech therapy classes, but are also actively used in direct educational activities conducted by educators.
Here is a description of some of the games used in our classes:
1. "Score a goal for Drakosha"
Target: the development of a strong continuous exhalation, the development of the labial muscles.
Equipment: light ball off table tennis(foam ball and more), dragon toy.
Game progress: Today you and I will be football players and you need to score as many goals as possible for Drakosha.
We stretch our lips with a tube and gently blow on the ball, driving it into the Drakosha gate. At the same time, the teacher can move the dragon with his own hand, thereby creating difficulty in scoring a goal.
Attention! Make sure that the child does not puff out his cheeks. If necessary, they can be held with your fingers.
2. "Who will drive the ball into the goal"
Target: development of a strong smooth exhalation.
Equipment: a table tennis ball or a cotton ball, a gate from a cup of yogurt.
Game progress:- Today guys, we are holding a competition who will drive the ball into the goal. So we start. Participants, smile, put a wide tongue on the lower lip (Spatula exercise) and gently, with sound, blow on the ball.
Attention! Watch the child's cheeks and that he pronounces, and not, that is, that the air stream is narrow, and not scattered.
3. "The fastest pencil"
Purpose: development of a long and smooth exhalation.
Equipment: colored pencils with a smooth or ribbed surface.
Game progress: put a pencil in front of the child sitting at the table at a distance of 20 cm. First, we ourselves show the child how to blow on a pencil so that it rolls to the opposite edge of the table. You can play this game together sitting opposite each other and roll the pencil to each other.
4. "Magic Butterflies"
Target: development of a long continuous oral exhalation.
Equipment: artificial flower(paper flower, painted flower) multi-colored (solid) paper butterflies.
Game progress:- Look what a beautiful, magical flower I have. Do you know that butterflies live on it? But the trouble is, an evil wizard has bewitched them and they have forgotten how to fly!
Let's disenchant them with you so that they flutter in the sky again. See how I do it (the teacher blows on butterflies). Now it's your turn!
5. "Butterflies flutter"
Target: development of a long smooth exhalation.
Equipment: a shoe box designed in the form of a summer meadow, paper butterflies tied to a thread.
Game progress:- a beautiful, warm morning has come, the sun has risen high in the sky. Here the birds woke up and sang, the bunnies galloped off to look for food. Ah, look at the butterflies fluttering in the sky.
Show me how?
6. "Hot tea"
Target: the development of a strong smooth and prolonged exhalation.
Equipment: colored cardboard cups.
Game progress:- Hello, girls and boys! Today you are my guests and I treat everyone with hot tea, and in order not to burn you - I suggest blowing!
7. "Snow is spinning, flying, flying"
Target: development of a strong smooth exhalation.
Equipment: a shoebox decorated with a winter motif, paper snowflakes hanging down on a thread.
Game progress: Winter came and snow fell from the sky. The child blows on snowflakes.
8. "Focus"
Target: development of a strong purposeful exhalation.
Equipment: small piece of cotton.
Game progress: Let's pretend that you and I are magicians. Before showing the trick to your family, you and I need to practice.
We open the mouth. We make a "cup" (the lateral edges of the tongue are pressed against the upper lip, and a groove remains in the middle). Put a small piece of cotton on the nose. We inhale through the nose.
We strongly blow on the cotton wool through the mouth so that it flies up.
For activities with children, I also created an album - blowers using the Microsoft Office PowerPoint program, printed sheets on cardboard and got an interesting tutorial where children have to help the hedgehog find mushrooms under the leaves, wake up the princess by blowing the blanket off her, feed the fish with a worm, disperse the clouds so that the sun appears, cool the tea for the chanterelle and so on.
The purpose of the exercises is the development of a strong, prolonged exhalation.
Outcome: in the piggy bank of every speech therapist, educator there are games for the development of speech breathing and this is very important. These games contribute to: the development of differentiated breathing; longer, smoother and even exhalation; activate the labial muscles, which helps to achieve good results in the process of correcting the speech of children.
Breathing exercises
The development of breathing in children
If a the child does not speak well, then start working on speech development should first of all with the development of breathing. Various methods help to develop breathing. games and exercises . What is it for?
Proper (physiological) breathing will help the child learn to speak calmly, smoothly, without haste. Some exercises for breath development also help to teach the child to pronounce certain sounds correctly.
If a child puffs out his cheeks during speech, then his speech is slurred precisely for this reason. And before starting the staging, for example, whistling sounds, it is necessary to teach the child the correct development of the air jet. I offer you some games and exercises for the development of proper speech breathing in children:
Breathing exercises
Target: development of a long, smooth and strong exhalation, activation of the muscles of the lips.
One child blows soap bubbles, the rest of the children blow on them and do not let them fall.
"Bubble"
Target:
Children stand in a circle with their heads tilted down, imitating a bubble. Then, repeating after the adult “inflate a bubble, inflate a big one, stay like that, but don’t burst!”, the children raise their heads and gradually move back, forming a large circle. At the signal of the adult “The bubble has burst”, the children go to the center of the circle, pronouncing “C”, imitating the outgoing air.
Target: development of a long, smooth exhalation, activation of the muscles of the lips.
Birds made of thin colored paper are placed on the edge of the table. Two children stand in front of the birds. On a signal: “The birds have flown!” children blow on the figurine.
You can advance the birds only on one exhale. The rest of the children are watching whose bird will fly farthest.
"Butterfly - fly"
Target:
An adult in turn brings the children a piece of paper with a butterfly lying on it (a piece of green cardboard, a light butterfly made of tracing paper, tied with a thread to a piece of paper). Each child should exhale smoothly, so that the butterfly flies smoothly from the flower, and not abruptly or jerkily.
"Dandelions"
Target: the development of a long, smooth and strong exhalation.
The game can be played in the country or in the park. Children blow on dandelions to blow off all the fluff.
"Butterfly"
Target: development of a long, smooth exhalation, activation of the muscles of the lips.
The child, stretching his lips with a tube, without puffing out his cheeks, blows on a butterfly so that it flies (a butterfly on a string is attached to a rectangular frame with a handle).
"Whose cube will rise higher?"
Target: develop diaphragmatic breathing.
Children lie on the carpet, a light plastic cube is placed on the stomach. Children take a deep breath through their nose and exhale through their nose, while the adult watches whose cube rises higher.
"Captains"
Target: alternation of long smooth and strong exhalation, activation of the muscles of the lips.
Children sit in a semicircle. In the center on a small table is a large basin of water. An adult invites children to ride a boat from one city to another, marking the cities with icons on the edge of the pelvis.
In order for the boat to move, you need to blow on it slowly, folding your lips, as for the sound “F”. The ship is moving smoothly. But here comes a gusty wind "P-p-p .."
You should blow without puffing out your cheeks, stretching your lips with a tube. The called child blows while sitting on a small chair pushed up to the table.
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Material from the site www.logolife.ru
Advice for parents. Educational exercises and games for the development of speech breathing and voice of children of the 2nd junior group
(The mouth is closed. Teeth are bared. Tap on the teeth with a tense tip of the tongue, repeating “t-t-t” many times.)
Here is a can of paint next to it. The fence needs to be updated. Our fence is unrecognizable. (Exercise "Painter".) Our tongue finished the job. - I'll take a walk with the horse, (Exercise "Horse".) I'll play the pipe for her. (Exercise "Pipe".) The sun disappeared behind the mountain, (Exercise "Hill".) The tongue went home.
He locked the door. He lay down in bed and fell silent.
Exercises and games for the development of speech breathing
An important role in the development of children's speech is played by the development of speech breathing. The purpose of respiratory gymnastics: to develop a strong, smooth, long-lasting oral stream.
You can teach your baby to take a quick deep breath, and then a smooth long exhalation, with the help of toys: pipes, whistles, and also when blowing soap bubbles. To make the exhalation through the mouth strong and purposeful, invite the baby to blow on turntables, paper toys, dandelion, light feather, cotton ball. Blowing on toys, the child should inhale without raising his shoulders (that is, inflate his tummy), but exhale continuously.
Singing vowels on the exhale: A, O, U, I, Y. The duration of singing sounds depends on age. So, a 2-year-old baby can pull one sound for 2 seconds (or sing two different vowel sounds in a row), a 3-year-old child can sing one sound for 3 seconds (or three different vowel sounds in a row), a 4-year-old pulls a sound within 4 seconds. The rule is simple: for preschoolers, the duration of singing on one exhalation in seconds corresponds to the number of full years.
- The total duration of the exercise with breaks is not more than 5 minutes.
- Frequency of execution: daily.
- Exercises are carried out in a ventilated room.
- An important condition is that the toy that the baby blows on should be at the level of the child’s lips, at a distance of 10–15 cm.
- Cheeks during breathing exercises should in no case be inflated - you can offer him to hold his cheeks with his palms
- Exercises are short-term (from a few seconds to several minutes)
- Exercise should not be done immediately after a meal (recommended 1.5-2 hours after the last meal).
- It is recommended to carry out only one type of exercise per day. The number of repetitions is 2-3 times, while it is imperative to monitor the well-being of the child: if dizziness and weakness occur, stop the exercise.
Games and exercises that train the respiratory organs
Exercise 1. "Roll the pencil."
The child is invited to inhale through the nose and, exhaling through the mouth, roll a round pencil across the table.
Exercise 2. "Leaves rustle."
Strips of thin green paper are offered, cut out in the form of leaves and attached to a "branch". At the signal “a breeze blew”, the child gently blows on the leaves so that they deviate and rustle.
Exercise 3. "Snowflakes are flying."
Light pieces of cotton wool or snowflakes cut out of thin paper are attached to the threads. The child is invited to blow on them for a long time at the signal “snowflakes are flying”.
Exercise 4. "Drive the ball into the goal."
1. Pull your lips forward with a tube and gently blow on a cotton or foam ball (2-3 cm in diameter) lying on the table in front of the baby, driving him between two cubes or any other suitable objects. (It " football goal».) .
Exercise 5. "Windmill".
This game requires a windmill toy from the sand set or a spinner. The child blows on the blades of the toy, the adult accompanies
actions of the baby in a poetic text:
“Wind, wind, you are powerful, you drive flocks of clouds!”
A. S. Pushkin.
butterflies
Cut out small butterflies from paper and hang them on threads. Invite the child to blow on the butterflies so that they fly.
Launch the boat
Pour water into a bath or basin, launch a light boat into the water and blow on it so that it floats.
For the development of the articulatory apparatus, onomatopoeic words, animal voices, and jokes-pure words, nursery rhymes are widely used.
For example:
“Would-would-would - there is smoke from the chimney”,
"Sha-sha-sha - we bathe the baby"
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Games and exercises for the development of speech breathing in preschoolers with stuttering | Social network Pandia.ru
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GBOU Kindergarten No. 000 of the combined type of the Northern District Department of Education of the City of Moscow
The use of innovative speech therapy technologies in the education and upbringing of stuttering preschoolers.
Games and exercises for the development of speech breathing in preschoolers with stuttering
(From the experience of teachers-speech therapists GBOU d. S. No. 000 SOUO
Dergacheva E. V., Krasavina N. V., Sokolova N. A.)
Moscow
2012
It is known that breathing plays an important, if not the main, role in the speech act. Properly formed speech exhalation ensures smoothness, completeness, continuity of speech utterance.
In children with pathology of speech development, especially those who stutter, this function, in most cases, is impaired. Such children, first of all, need to develop the volume of the lungs and form the chest-abdominal type of breathing. Since this is the basis for the development of speech breathing.
Since 2010, our creative team has been actively involved in testing the methodology for the development of speech breathing in preschoolers with speech pathology, developed by teachers of the Department of Speech Therapy of the Moscow State Pedagogical University under the guidance of Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor
Belyakova L.I.
Training according to this method, which includes certain provisions of the paradoxical breathing exercises of A. N. Strelnikova, helps stuttering children to normalize the smoothness of speech utterance, feel the intonational expressiveness of speech, and contributes to the improvement of the body as a whole.
(publisher, Moscow, 2005), which details the stages of work on the development of respiratory function and speech breathing in children with speech disorders.
Working with children according to this method, testing its main provisions, analyzing the results of monitoring the respiratory function, dosed volume and number of breaths, activity and mood of children during exercise, we came to the conclusion that in the form of a game, the acquisition of respiratory skills in most children occurs faster. .
Game exercises cause joy in children, a positive emotional mood, self-confidence, a desire to engage, and therefore the effectiveness of our joint work with children should be more noticeable.
In addition, we always remember and take into account when planning correctional and educational work, that the game is the main activity of a preschooler.
For each step proposed in the methodology,
We have selected games.
Preparation for the development of chest-abdominal type of breathing
Target:
development of sensations of movement of the respiratory organs, mainly the diaphragm and the anterior wall of the abdomen, which corresponds to the abdominal type of breathing.
The attention of the child at this stage is focused not on the duration of inhalation and exhalation, but on the work of the diaphragm. (The child follows visually and tactilely the contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm. Either it strains it, raising the front wall of the abdomen up, then it relaxes, lowering it)
Games and game exercises of this stage are performed sequentially: first lying down, then sitting and standing, and are accompanied by rhymes pronounced by a speech therapist.
Here is some of them:
More details on www.pandia.ru
Preview:
Speech therapy technology for the development of speech breathing in preschool children with speech disorders (edited by L. I. Belyakova) is aimed at acquiring breathing skills in most children 5-6 years old with speech disorders. a technique that includes certain provisions of A. N. Strelnikova's paradoxical breathing exercises and Lobanov's sound breathing exercises.
It is desirable that no more than 7-8 people are engaged in the group at the same time.
Stage I Preparation for the development of chest-abdominal type of breathing according to the traditional method
Purpose: development of sensations of movement of the respiratory organs, mainly the diaphragm and the anterior wall of the abdomen, which corresponds to the chest-abdominal type of breathing.
The stage includes four exercises. The duration of each exercise is 4-5 minutes. During the day, exercises are repeated 2-3 times.
Each exercise is practiced for one week.
The first stage lasts as long as necessary for the development of the chest-abdominal type of breathing.
The approximate duration of the stage is four weeks. During this time, the child consistently performs the exercises, first in a prone position, then sitting and standing.
In the first lessons, when conducting breathing exercises, it is necessary to maintain the active attention of children.
Stage II Development of the chest-abdominal type of breathing with the inclusion of elements of breathing exercises by A. N. Strelnikova
Target: further development contractile activity of the diaphragmatic muscle, as well as the development of coordinating relationships between two functions: breathing and movements of the trunk or limbs.
The stage consists of three sets of exercises in which the progressive complication of motor tasks is carried out.
The approximate duration of the stage is 12-14 weeks.
The speech therapist is faced with the task of teaching children the techniques of special breathing exercises (FOOTNOTE: When describing the stage, the authors relied on certain provisions of the paradoxical breathing exercises of A. N. Strelnikova). Particular attention must be paid to the following conditions:
1. the active attention of the child is drawn to the inhalation phase;
2. inhalation is carried out at the time of physical activity;
3. All exercises are carried out at a pace and rhythm comfortable for children.
In children with speech disorders with deep breathing, hyperventilation easily occurs. Taking into account this feature, a method of dosed “quick breaths” has been developed (FOOTNOTE: Further, the term “rapid breath” will be used as symbol these special respiratory movements) that are carried out through the nose. The passage of air through the nasal passages is accompanied by the greatest noise and the junction of the nostrils to the nasal septum.
So that children can correctly understand and master the breathing exercise, the speech therapist offers instructions: “Let's try to sniff the air the way animals do, for example: dogs are noisy and fast. Their breaths are like clapping their hands - "sniff-sniff".
The skill is developed to carry out two "quick breaths" in a row. The speech therapist visually and aurally (double noise) controls the performance of "quick breaths" by children. Children's attention is drawn to the movement of the nostrils, i.e. to muscle contraction, and double noise.
Stage III Development of phonation exhalation
Purpose: development of phonation (voiced) exhalation.
The stage includes seven exercises, during which the attention of children is directed not to a “quick breath”, but to the sound of the voice during exhalation.
The approximate duration of the stage is eight weeks.
Stage IV Development of speech breathing
Purpose: development of one's own speech breathing.
This stage is basic. It is closely associated with speech therapy work on the formation of speech utterance planning. Children are taught in the process of exhalation to pronounce first syllables and individual words, then phrases of two, and then of three or four words, short poetic texts.
In the first lessons, a non-verbal instruction is actively used: a quick movement of the hand with an open palm up, which means the beginning of a quick breath through the mouth. As children begin to breathe independently before speaking, the number of such instructions decreases.
Each exercise lasts no more than five minutes and is repeated 3-4 times a day.
The approximate duration of the stage is five weeks.
Stage V Development of speech breathing in the process of pronouncing a prose text
The purpose of the stage: training of speech breathing in the process of pronouncing a prose text.
The approximate duration of the stage is four weeks.
For a beautiful diction of a child, correct speech breathing is necessary. Games for the development of quick inhalation and slow exhalation will become one of the ways to communicate with the child, and a good workout. Do not draw too much attention of the baby to the strength and rhythm with which he breathes, you are just playing or organizing a competition between several rivals. Point out any mistakes delicately, like a coach advising the best technique. It is advisable for parents to keep a diary of classes in order to take into account their findings and mistakes when raising their next children or grandchildren.
What role does air play in speech?
A person will not be able to utter a single word if the air does not pass through the vocal cords. The flow should come out slowly and evenly. You can speak only during exhalation, when the chest with a certain effort squeezes the air out of the lungs. The jet must pass not only with the right effort, but also in the right direction. An adult does not notice these subtleties, his conversation takes place automatically, without the participation of consciousness.
To understand how difficult it is for a baby to learn to speak, try to pronounce the most a short phrase inhaling and exhaling randomly. The child needs help, mom and dad should do this. It is useless to explain the device to him speech apparatus, the work of the vocal cords. With a two-year-old, you need not to conduct lessons, but to play, with the help of interesting exercises he will begin to speak correctly.
There may be a person in your environment who does not know how to breathe properly when talking. If the child loves this guest, he can adopt his manner. Do not laugh at your friend, explain to the child that no one taught Uncle Petya to breathe correctly, if the kid wants to help him, let him first begin to speak correctly, and then teach his friend. Such an incentive will increase the desire of the baby to do the exercises correctly.
How to do breathing exercises?
Gymnastics for setting the correct breathing will not take much time. Arrange a break of 10 minutes between classes or reading fairy tales and offer the child new game. The room where you will perform the exercises should be clean and well ventilated: it is undesirable for the baby to inhale the dusty stale air with full breasts. It's great if you have a lesson while walking in the park, but not in winter frosts.
The basic principle of the formation of correct breathing: a quick deep breath through the nose so that the lungs are filled with air to the stop. Then follows a slow smooth exhalation through the mouth. The flow should not be too strong so that the air is consumed evenly and economically.
During classes, you need to monitor whether the child makes mistakes. Exhalation should take place according to the following rules:
- lips folded in a tube are relaxed, cheeks do not puff out;
- the entire flow goes through the mouth, air should not come out through the nose;
- exhale completely until the air runs out;
- if the baby hums or pronounces sounds, you can not pause for a short intake of air.
When performing any exercise, make sure that the entire flow of air goes through the mouth. If the baby does not succeed, carefully pinch his nostrils with your fingers or use a special diving device.
Children may enjoy games so much that they don't want to stop playing. Do not let your child overwork: tasks only seem simple, but in fact they can cause fatigue and dizziness. You can start classes with children 2 years old, the duration of the first training should not exceed 3 minutes. After each approach, pause, let the baby catch his breath. Alternate breathing exercises for children with other activities. Do not do breathing exercises immediately after dinner on a full stomach, wait 2-3 hours.
The first exercises for proper exhalation
First of all, you need to ensure that the child learns to make a smooth long exhalation through the mouth. Do not forget that after each deep exhalation, the baby should pause for rest. You can do a class with one student, but it's much more interesting if he has at least one partner to compete with.
For the first lessons, the following games are suitable.
- "Fluttering Butterflies". Hang on thin threads at the level of the baby's face a few bright paper butterflies. Show your child how they flutter when you blow in the right direction. The exercise time is no more than 10 seconds.
- "Tree in the Wind" Attach a few colored strips of tissue paper or Christmas tree tinsel to a wooden rod so that it hangs down in all directions. Say that this is a tree, if the wind blows on it, the leaves will sway and rustle.
- "Autumn leaf fall". Type in the fall or cut out colorful leaves from colored paper. Put them in a pile on the table, and offer to blow so that the leaves fly. Then they need to be collected in a box or basket, and the game can be repeated.
- "Blizzard" performed as the previous exercise, only paper snowflakes or cotton balls are placed on the table.
- "Cock or hen." Pick a dandelion in the summer and offer to blow on it once. If there are fluffs left, it turned out to be a cockerel with a comb, if everyone flies away, then it’s a chicken. Explain that there are very few cockerels in the house, let the kid strive to make as many hens as possible.
Try not to let your child get bored. Come up with new stories, competitions. If it is not possible to invite other children, let objects enter the competition. Guess which leaf will fall first, which butterfly will fly farthest from the rest.
When the child learns to exhale correctly and begins to easily blow off light paper figures, the exercises can be complicated.
- "Ribbon Leader". Hang several paper ribbons close to each other and offer to blow so that the selected strip flies higher than the others.
- "Pencil race". Put two pencils on the table. The kid must move each of them to the maximum distance with one exhalation.
- "Don't drop the ball." Throw an inflated balloon into the air and ask the child to blow on it from below, preventing it from falling to the floor.
You can come up with a lot of games. Follow the progress of the baby and gradually complicate the tasks. The first time the child will blow on paper figures from a distance of about 30 cm, each time move them a little further. Warn that the results of only one exhalation are taken into account - if there was at least a small breath in the middle, not a single snowflake will be counted. Each time praise the child for success, and find a comforting explanation for failures: the paper is too heavy, the figure stuck to the table.
Games and competitions for the development of speech
When the child has learned to breathe correctly, you need to associate a slow exhalation with speech. In the first lessons, the baby can sing vowel sounds. First, he takes a deep breath, and as he exhales, he sings: "Ah-ah-ah" or "U-u-u-u-u." Try to keep singing at the same pace and key throughout. If the child is constantly straying, then louder, then quieter; then higher, then lower, record on the recorder and explain his mistakes. Do not turn into a strict teacher, make remarks good-naturedly, with humor: “Listen to how you started cheerfully and cheerfully, and ended quite sadly, it seems that something sad happened in the song.” When the sound is even, learn to sing with an increase and decrease in tone.
Older children can be told what vocalization is and let them listen to the recordings. Invite them to also try to change the key to get a melodic tune.
Start with small words, repeating them several times. Show your child pictures or toy animals, and on one exhale, he should depict what sounds they make 2-3 times: “Wow-wow-wow”, “Meow-meow-meow”, “Ko-ko-ko”. Act out scenes that the baby will voice. A bear is walking through the forest “Top-top-top”, saw the teremok, knocked “Knock-knock-knock”. Remind that before you say something, the baby must take full lungs of air.
Short nursery rhymes, such as “Toys” by A. Barto, will be a good training for proper speech breathing during a conversation. For each exhalation, you need to say one line, then inhale - and the next line. Games for the development of proper breathing in a child can be included in morning exercises. Add several exercises to the complex, repeating each 4-6 times:
- "Clock with pendulum". Starting position: feet shoulder-width apart, raised hands clasped with fingers above the head. Inhale, on the exhale tilt to the side and drawl sound "Bomm". Repeat on the other side.
- "Ride in a car." Starting position: stand straight, arms extended forward, fists clenched. After inhaling, exhaling, the child turns the imaginary steering wheel to the right and makes a sound that imitates the operation of the motor. Repeat several times on different sides.
- "The balloon burst." On inspiration, the child spreads his arms to the sides, on exhalation he brings them together in front of him, as if hitting a balloon, and says “Clap”.
- "Sea battle". Launch paper boats into a basin of water. Alternately blowing on one, then on the other, the baby can play both pirates and sea battles.
- Air Tennis. This game requires 2 players. Draw a strip in the middle of the table and place a table tennis ball on it. On command, both children blow on the ball, whoever drives it to the opponent's side wins.
- "Mother duck is looking for ducklings." Throw a few floating ducks into the basin and say that the kids are lost, mom must find them. With a stream of air, you need to send the largest toy in search and collect all the figures together.
Games with various objects
There are many games to train the correct exhalation. Bring a spinner into the house with which the baby runs down the street, and say that he himself can become the lord of the wind. Let it blow on the blades with different strengths and watch how they spin either faster or slower. Buy a Chinese souvenir "wind chimes" and hang it at the level of the child's face so that he blows and listens to the ringing of bells as he passes by. In the same way, you can install a balancer, where on the planks in a state of balance there are figures of birds that come into motion from the slightest breath.
Many children already know that on their birthday they should blow out the candles on the cake. Unfortunately, such an event occurs once a year, but for toys you can arrange a holiday at least every day. Cover the doll table, seat the birthday man and guests around, place lighted candles on cookies or gingerbread and invite the baby to blow them out. Be sure to praise if you succeed the first time. Sometimes the baby cannot direct the jet in the right direction, so for the first few times you can blow through the tube.
It seems that toy manufacturers are not interested in developing proper breathing in children. To get soap bubbles loved by all generations, you no longer need to blow into a straw. The kid takes a frame in his hand, waves it, and a whole swarm of rainbow balloons takes off into the air. Teach your toddler to play with soap the traditional way. First, take a tube with a diameter of about 5 mm and teach how to make a storm in the water. Throw a small boat into the jar, when the baby releases air into the water, the bubbles will make waves, the toy will begin to sway. Immediately warn that the liquid cannot be drawn into the mouth, you can only let the air out. Use drinking water for the first time.
When you are sure that the child does not swallow the liquid, you can use a soapy solution for the game. Now you can take a straw for a cocktail and create bubbles from the soap. You can take the composition from a toy or dilute baby shampoo with water in a 1: 1 ratio. First, show your child how to blow into the straw so that thick foam appears in the cup. Then learn how to blow bubbles. To make it more interesting for the baby, tell him to put on woolen gloves, then the ball caught on his hand will not burst immediately.
Exercises for preschoolers
If the child was well trained, at the age of 5 he should already speak correctly, but additional classes still do not hurt. Musical toys develop speech breathing well: whistles, pipes, harmonicas. With decorative whistles in the form of birds and animals, you can play a conversation scene: the cockerel asks something, the hen answers. If at 2 years old the baby could sometimes extract a jerky sound from the flute, now you can teach the child to play smooth pleasant melodies.
When your child has mastered musical instruments well, try teaching him to whistle into a glass or plastic bottle. The lower lip should be slightly pressed against the side of the vessel next to the hole, the air stream goes inward. The direction of exhalation should be slightly changed until a sound appears. Not everyone succeeds in the exercise - do not insist, say that you will return to this task in a month or two.
For a well-developed respiratory system, inflating toys or balloons will be a good workout. Buy a plastic duck, take it to the pond and tell him that if he wants to swim with a toy, he should inflate it himself. You can offer to inflate balloons, but first try it yourself: some manufacturers produce products so tight that they can only be inflated with a special pump.
Why is proper breathing important?
The artist and the opera singer need to calculate the volume of air in the lungs so that at the very climax of a tense monologue, an unplanned pause for inspiration is not required. Perhaps the future profession of your baby will not require such abilities from him, but the ability to speak correctly is necessary for any person. Few people will listen to the opinion of the interlocutor if he speaks illegibly, swallows the endings of words, stops for a breath in the very middle of a phrase.
With a well-delivered speech, a person can speak for a long time, and this process will not tire him. If inhalations and exhalations occur randomly, a lot of energy is expended on pronouncing words and phrases, the muscles involved in speech get tired quickly. Don't expect things to get better with time. Any of us have had to talk with people who quickly chatter, then inhale in the middle long word. Do you want your kid to talk like this for the rest of his life? If not, start exercising correct breathing at 2-3 years old.
Teachers and doctors have noticed that active children who are constantly running, jumping, dancing, have a better respiratory system than those who like cartoons and drawing. Badly affect breathing and diseases of the nasopharynx, lungs, bronchi. Approach the development of speech breathing in a complex way: monitor the health of the child, do not let him sit still for a long time, take him to the sports ground. During exercise or outdoor games, watch how the child breathes, explain that with the right inhalation and exhalation, he will run faster and jump higher.
Few people are not annoyed by inappropriate pauses in the speech of the interlocutor. This is not only ugly, but can also lead to a distortion of the meaning of what was said. Recall the historical example with the phrase: "Execution cannot be pardoned." Imagine that it was not written on paper, but said out loud. After the first word, the speaker ran out of air, he inhaled and quickly spoke the end of the sentence. So that such incidents never happen to your child, teach him to speak beautifully and correctly.
Games for the development of speech breathing
"Hippo"
Target:
The child, who is in a prone position, puts his palm on the diaphragm. An adult pronounces a rhyme:
The hippos were lying, the hippos were breathing.
Then the tummy rises (inhale),
Then the tummy drops (exhale).
The exercise can be performed in a sitting position and accompanied by rhyming:
The hippos sat down, touched their tummies.
Then the tummy rises (inhale),
Then the tummy drops (exhale).
"Whose locomotive hums louder"
Target: to teach a long and purposeful exhalation (without puffing out the cheeks).
Equipment: small vials with a small neck from medicines or perfumes.
The adult brings the bubble to his lips and blows into it so that a whistle is heard, then he suggests that the child do the same - blow into each bubble in turn (without puffing up his cheeks).
"Let's warm our hands"
Target: form a targeted warm stream of exhaled air.
An adult offers the child to warm his mother's hands. It is necessary to pay attention to the position of the lips (mouth wide open).
Complication: “we warm the hands” with the simultaneous pronunciation of the vowels “A, U, O” for a long time.
"Guess by Smell"
Target: form a nasal breath.
Equipment: six Kinder Surprise boxes with lots of holes drilled into them: 2 boxes filled with orange peels, 2 boxes filled with dry mint leaves, 2 boxes filled with bags of vanilla sugar.
A. "Pair boxes": the child sequentially sniffs each box from his set and picks up with the same smell from the adult's set.
B. "Put in order": the adult's boxes are put in a certain order, the baby sniffs them and tries to put his set in the same sequence. Suggested instruction: "Put the mint box first, then the orange box, then the vanilla box."
"Swing"
Target: improve the function of external respiration, master the primary methods of breathing exercises.
Equipment: soft toys of small size according to the number of children.
A child in a prone position is placed on the stomach in the area of the diaphragm with a light toy. An adult pronounces a rhyme:
Swing up (inhale)
Swing down (exhale)
Stay strong, my friend.
Inhalation and exhalation is done through the nose.
"Pearl Divers"
Target: improve the function of external respiration, increase the strength of the respiratory muscles.
It is announced that a beautiful pearl lies at the bottom of the sea. Anyone who can hold their breath can get it. The child in a standing position takes two calm breaths and two calm exhalations through the nose, and with the third deep breath he closes his mouth, pinches his nose with his fingers and crouches until he wants to exhale.
"Breath"
Target: improve the function of external respiration, master nasal breathing.
Equipment: pictures depicting birds, animals, people, plants.
The child is in a sitting position. An adult pronounces a rhyme:
I breathe freely through my nose
Quieter, louder, whatever.
There is no life without breath
Without breathing, the light fades.
Breathing birds and flowers
He breathes, and I, and you.
Breathe in with your whole body after each line.
"Air Football"
Target:
Equipment: "balls" made of cotton wool, cubes.
Roll a ball out of pieces of cotton wool - “ball”. Gate - 2 cubes. The child blows on the "ball", trying to "score a goal" - the cotton should be between the cubes.
"Leaf fall"
Target: develop a deeper inhalation and a longer exhalation.
Equipment: sheets of thin paper.
Cut out leaves from thin colored paper and invite the child to “arrange leaf fall” - blow the leaves from the palm of your hand.
"Snowfall"
Target: develop a deeper inhalation and a longer exhalation.
Equipment: "snowballs" made of cotton.
Make small balls out of cotton - “snowflakes”, put the child in the palm of your hand and offer to “arrange a snowfall” - blow snowflakes from your palm.
I collected a lot of snowflakes,
Became a light breeze.
If you try hard
Snowflakes will scatter together.
"Ship"
Target: develop a deeper inhalation and a longer exhalation.
Equipment: paper boat, a basin of water.
Put a light paper boat into a basin of water, blow smoothly and for a long time so that the boat floats. An adult pronounces a Russian folk saying:
Wind, breeze, pull the sail!
Drive the ship to the Volga River.
"Fly, feather!"
Target: develop a deeper inhalation and a longer exhalation.
Equipment: small feathers.
Put a feather in the child's palm and offer to blow it so that it flies.
"My balloon"
Target: develop a deeper breath, a strong long exhalation; activate the muscles of the lips.
Equipment: balloons.
Children should inflate balloons by taking in air through their nose and slowly exhaling it through their mouths.
The teacher accompanies the actions of the children with a poetic text:
Option 1.
My balloon, one, two, three.
Light as a mosquito, look.
I breathe in through my nose, I'm not in a hurry,
I follow my breath.
Option 2.
Every day I blow into a balloon
I conjure over my breath.
I strive to inflate the ball
And I get stronger.
"Ice drift"
Target: the formation of a long directed oral exhalation.
"Ice pieces" (pieces of polystyrene) are placed on the model of the river. The children are shown a boat. It is explained that the boat cannot sail along the river because of the ice. You need to blow to disperse the ice.
The wind blows on the river
Ice disperses.
The boat rushes light
Knows no difficulty.
"The fastest pencil"
Target: development of a long and smooth exhalation.
Equipment: colored pencils with a smooth or ribbed surface.
We put a pencil in front of the child sitting at the table at a distance of 20 cm. First, we ourselves show the child how to blow on a pencil so that it rolls off to the opposite edge of the table. You can play this game together sitting opposite each other and roll the pencil to each other.
"The Difficult Route"
Target: formation of a directed oral exhalation, fixing the primary colors.
Equipment: flags different colors, paper machine.
The child must direct the car to the flag.
Our Truck Helper
On the road quickly rushes.
Help him get there
Don't miss the target.
"Chickens"
Target: formation of a directed oral exhalation.
Equipment: a figurine of a chicken, a duck, each child has a small paper chicken.
1 option. Task: help the chickens get to their mother.
Option 2. Figures are displayed on the table - a chicken, a duck. Task: help the chicken find his mother.
In our yard, guys,
Humming since morning.
Mother hen has chicks
They fled in all directions.
Help Quot
Collect "yellow lumps".
"Kolobok"
Target: generate a strong directional air jet.
In a low box, a model of a forest is made with a path and animals (wolf, hare, bear, fox). The child must help the kolobok (tennis ball) ride along this path and avoid meeting the forest dwellers.
Gingerbread Man,
You are a ruddy barrel,
Roll along the path,
Beware of forest animals.
"Peas"
Target:
A picture is glued to the bottom of a shallow plate, peas are poured on top. The child must inflate the peas from the middle to see the picture.
Something hid at the bottom
But so far I can't see it.
I will blow on peas
And I will say that there, friends.
"Butterfly"
Target: generate a strong air stream.
A flower meadow is placed on the table. The child should blow off a paper butterfly from the palm of his hand. It is desirable that she fly to the farthest flower.
beauty butterfly
She sat on her palm.
With a light breeze
She flew into the meadow.
"Bear"
Target: form a directed oral exhalation.
The bear loves cones very much,
I will feed it to her.
He will be grateful to me
It will get better right away.
You need to blow on the bump so that it gets into the paws of the bear, i.e. feed him.
"Good weather"
Target: form a strong directed oral exhalation.
The sun is glued on the table, it is covered with clouds of cotton or foam. Children inflate, disperse the clouds.
The sky is cloudy in the morning
We need to help the sun.
I will become a breeze
Go away, clouds, go away.
"Sound Balls"
Target:
The child, winding the threads into a ball, utters a vowel sound as he exhales.
"Forest alphabet"
Target: develop phonation (voiced) exhalation, activate the muscles of the lips.
The character Lesovik comes to visit the children and offers “lessons of the forest alphabet”. Children repeat sounds and actions after Lesovik, “master” the forest alphabet.
“U-U-U” - an unkind person is walking, he must be driven away (stomp his feet).
“A-U-U” - the traveler is lost, he needs to be shown the way (clap his hands on his hips, as if the branches are cracking).
"Y-Y-Y" - it's time for everyone to gather in the clearing (clap your hands).
"Mosquito"
Target: develop phonation (voiced) exhalation.
Equipment: subject picture "mosquito".
(It is carried out if the child correctly pronounces the sound “z”).
The child stands, hands to the shoulders, sways lightly in place, pronouncing the sound "z". An adult pronounces a rhyme:
Z-z-z - the mosquito flies,
Z-z-z - the mosquito rings.
"Beetles"
Target: develop phonation (voiced) exhalation.
Equipment: subject picture - beetle.
(It is carried out if the child correctly pronounces the sound “g”).
The child stands, hands on the belt, the body turns left and right, pronouncing the sound "g". An adult pronounces a rhyme:
We are bugs, we are bugs, we live by the river
We fly and buzz, keep our routine.
"Snarl"
Target: develop phonation (voiced) exhalation.
(It is carried out if the child correctly pronounces the sound “r”).
Children compete to see who can growl the longest on one breath.
"We cook porridge"
Target: develop phonation (voiced) exhalation, the ability to act in a team.
Equipment: children's chairs arranged in a circle.
Children and the teacher agree to cook porridge and distribute “roles”: milk, sugar, cereals, salt. To the words:
One two Three,
Pot, cook!
(“Products” alternately enter the circle - “pot”).
The porridge is being cooked.
(Children, sticking out their stomachs and taking in air into their chests, inhale, lower their chests and draw in their stomachs - exhale and say: “Sh-Sh-Sh”).
Fire is added.
(Children say: “Sh-Sh-Sh” at an accelerated pace).
One two Three,
Pot, don't boil!
"Mychalka"
Target: develop phonation (voiced) exhalation.
Children compete to see who “mumbles” longer on one exhalation.
Two calm breaths and two calm exhalations are taken, and after the third deep breath, slowly exhaling through the nose, pronounce the sound “M-M-M”.
"Conductor"
Target: develop phonation (voiced) exhalation, visual attention.
Equipment: conductor's stick, tokens for marking sounds (red - vowels; blue with a bell - consonants, voiced, hard; green with a bell - consonants, voiced, soft; blue without a bell - consonants, deaf, hard; green without a bell - consonants, deaf soft).
The teacher acts as a conductor, the children stand in front of him. Taking one of the chips in one hand and a stick in the other hand, the conductor makes a gesture with the stick and encourages the children to pronounce the proposed sound, having previously inhaled through the nose.
"Picture an animal"
Target: develop speech breathing through the pronunciation of syllables on the exhale.
An adult pronounces a rhyme, and a child depicts animals with sounds and movements:
I like to tease pigs, lambs and frogs.
I follow them all day and keep repeating, repeating:
Kar-kar, woof-woof, ju-ju,
Be-be, me-me, qua-qua.
Summary: The development of speech in children. The development of speech breathing. Exercises for the development of speech in children. Games for the development of speech in children. Breathing exercises. Exercises for the development of the respiratory system.
The source of the formation of speech sounds is an air stream leaving the lungs through the larynx, pharynx, oral cavity or nose. Proper speech breathing ensures normal sound formation, creates conditions for maintaining normal speech volume, strict adherence to pauses, maintaining speech fluency and intonation expressiveness.
Speech breathing disorders can be the result of general weakness, adenoid growths, various cardiovascular diseases, etc.
Such imperfections in speech breathing as the inability to rationally use exhalation, inhalation speech, incomplete renewal of the air supply, etc., which negatively affect the development of children's speech, may be due to improper upbringing, insufficient attention of adults to children's speech. Toddlers who have weakened inhalation and exhalation tend to speak quietly and find it difficult to pronounce long phrases. With the irrational use of air, the smoothness of speech is disturbed, since children in the middle of a phrase are forced to get air. Often such children do not finish the words and often pronounce them in a whisper at the end of the phrase. Sometimes, in order to finish a long phrase, they are forced to speak while inhaling, which makes speech fuzzy, convulsive, and choking. A shortened exhalation forces you to speak phrases at an accelerated pace, without observing logical pauses.
Starting the development of speech breathing in a child, it is necessary first of all form a strong smooth oral exhalation. At the same time, it is necessary to teach the child to control the time of expiration, to use air sparingly. Additionally, the child develops the ability to direct the air stream in the right direction.
During the games described in the article, constant monitoring of the correctness of breathing is necessary.
Remember the parameters of the correct oral exhalation:
Exhalation is preceded by a strong breath through the nose - "gain a full chest of air";
- exhalation occurs smoothly, not jerks;
- during exhalation, the lips fold into a tube, do not compress the lips, puff out the cheeks;
- during exhalation, air exits through the mouth, air should not be allowed to exit through the nose (if the child exhales through the nose, you can pinch his nostrils so that he feels how the air should come out);
- breathe out until the air runs out;
- while singing or talking, you can not get air with the help of frequent short breaths.
When conducting games aimed at developing a child's breathing, it must be borne in mind that breathing exercises quickly tire the child, and can even cause dizziness. Therefore, such games must be limited in time (you can use an hourglass) and be sure to alternate with other exercises.
The games and exercises listed below will help teach your child to exhale smoothly through the mouth with a strong directed stream of air.
Games and exercises for the development of smooth oral exhalation
Fly, butterfly!
Target: development of a long continuous oral exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: 2-3 bright paper butterflies.
Game progress: Before starting the lesson, tie a thread 20-40 cm long to each butterfly, attach the threads to the cord at some distance from each other. Pull the cord so that the butterflies hang at the level of the standing child's face.
The teacher shows the child butterflies and offers to play with them.
Look how beautiful colorful butterflies! Let's see if they can fly.
The teacher blows on butterflies.
- Look, fly! How alive! Now you try to blow. Which butterfly will fly farthest?
The child stands near the butterflies and blows on them. It is necessary to ensure that the child stands straight, does not raise his shoulders when exhaling, blew on one exhalation, not getting air, he did not puff out his cheeks, but pushed his lips slightly forward.
You can blow for no more than 10 seconds with pauses so that your head does not spin.
Breeze
Target:
Equipment: paper sultans (panicles).
Game progress: Before starting the game, it is necessary to prepare panicles. To do this, attach strips of colored paper to d wooden stick. You can use thin tissue paper, or Christmas decoration "rain".
The teacher offers to play with the whisk. Shows how to blow on paper strips, then offers to blow to the child.
Imagine it's a magical tree. A breeze blew and the leaves rustled on the tree! Like this! And now you blow!
In the second case, the children blow on their panicles at the same time.
Autumn leaves
Target:
Equipment: autumn Maple leaves, vase.
Game progress: Before class, gather together with your child a bouquet of autumn leaves (preferably maple, as they have long stems) and put them in a vase. Offer to blow on the leaves.
We collected beautiful leaves in the park. Here is a yellow leaf, and here is a red one. Do you remember how the leaves rustled on the branches? Let's blow on the leaves!
An adult, together with a child or a group of children, blows on the leaves in a vase, draws their attention to the rustling of the leaves.
leaf fall
Target: training for smooth free exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: yellow, red, orange leaves cut out of thin double-sided colored paper; bucket.
Game progress: The teacher lays out leaflets on the table, reminds the children about autumn.
Imagine it's autumn. Red, yellow, orange leaves fall from the trees. The wind blew - scattered all the leaves on the ground! Let's make wind - blow on the leaves!
An adult, together with the children, blows on the leaves until all the leaves are on the floor. At the same time, it is necessary to monitor the correct implementation of oral exhalation, as well as to ensure that children do not overwork.
All the leaves on the ground... Let's collect the leaves in a bucket. The teacher and children collect leaflets. Then the game is repeated again.
Snowing!
Target: the formation of a smooth long exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: pieces of cotton.
Game progress: The teacher lays out pieces of cotton wool on the table, reminds the children about winter.
Imagine that it is winter. Snow is falling outside. Let's blow snowflakes!
An adult shows how to blow on cotton wool, children repeat. Then everyone raises the cotton wool, and the game is repeated again.
Dandelion
Target: development of a smooth long exhalation through the mouth; activation of the lip muscles.
Game progress: The game is played outdoors - in a clearing where dandelions grow. An adult invites children to find among the yellow dandelions that have already faded and pick them. Then he shows how you can blow on a dandelion so that all the fluffs fly off. After that, he invites the children to blow on their dandelions.
Let's blow on dandelions! Blow once, but strongly - so that all the fluffs fly off. Look, fluffs fly like little parachutes.
You can arrange a competition: each of the children blows on his dandelion once. Those of the children who do not have a single fluff on the head of the flower win.
You can also organize the game "Grandfather or woman?":
Let's play the game "grandfather or woman?"! Blow on your dandelions just once. If there are no fluffs left on the flower head, this is a bald head. So, it turned out to be a grandfather. If the fluff remains - this is the hair on the head - then it turned out to be a woman. The one who got the grandfather wins!
pinwheel
Target:
Equipment: spinner toy.
Game progress: Before starting the game, prepare a spinner toy. You can make it yourself with paper and a wooden stick.
Show the child a turntable. On the street, demonstrate how it begins to spin from the breath of the wind. Then offer to blow on it yourself:
Let's make the wind - blow on the turntable. That's how it turned out! Blow even harder - the pinwheel spins faster.
The game can be played both individually and in a group of children.
song of the wind
Target:
Equipment: Chinese wind bell "song of the wind".
Game progress: Hang the bell at a distance convenient for the child (at the level of the standing child's face) and offer to blow on it. Pay attention to how melodic the sound is. Then offer to blow harder - the sound became louder.
The game can be played both individually and in a group of children.
Fly, birds!
Target: development of a long directed smooth oral exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: 2-3 colorful birds folded out of paper (origami).
Game progress: The child is sitting at the table. One bird is placed on the table in front of the child. The teacher invites the child to blow on the bird so that it flies as far as possible (you can blow it once).
What a beautiful bird you have! And can she fly? Blow so that the bird flew away! You can blow once. Breathe in and take in more air. The bird has flown!
During a group game, you can arrange a competition between two or three children: each blows on his bird. The one whose bird flew farthest wins. An adult makes sure that the children do not puff out their cheeks, blow only once, do not strain too much.
Roll, pencil!
Target: development of a long smooth exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: pencils with a smooth or ribbed surface.
Game progress: The child is sitting at the table. Place a pencil on the table at a distance of 20 cm from the child. First, the adult shows how to forcefully blow on the pencil so that it rolls to the opposite end of the table. Then he invites the child to blow on the pencil. The second participant in the game catches a pencil at the opposite end of the table. You can continue the game by sitting opposite each other, and rolling a pencil to each other from one end of the table to the other.
By organizing a game in a group, you can arrange a competition: two children are sitting at a table, pencils are in front of them. You can blow on the pencil only once. The one whose pencil rolls the farthest wins.
Funny balls
Target:
Equipment: lightweight plastic ball.
Game progress: Balls can be played in the same way as pencils (see previous game). You can make the game harder. Draw a line on the table. Then take the ball and put it in the middle of the table (on the line). Two children sit at a table opposite each other, on opposite sides of the ball on the line.
It is necessary to blow on the ball so that it rolls to the opposite side of the table. And you need to try so that the ball does not hit your part of the table. You need to blow harder. Started!
The winner is the one who managed to blow the ball over the line, to the opposite side of the table.
Balloon
Target: development of a strong smooth oral exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: ordinary balloon on a string; gas balloon.
Game progress:
Hang the balloon at the level of the child's face. Blow on the balloon so that it flies high, then invite the child to blow.
A more complex version of the game is possible. Throw the balloon up. Invite the child to blow on the balloon several times so that it does not fall to the floor longer.
Let's blow on the balloon so that it doesn't fall down. Like this! Stronger!
You can play with a balloon filled with gas. In this case, the ball is tied to a chair or something on the floor (it is desirable that the thread remains long). You need to blow on the ball so that it flies as far forward as possible.
If the game is played in a group, you can organize a competition: two children (or small teams) stand opposite each other facing the ball (the distance to the ball is 50-60 cm) and start blowing at the same time. The winner is the one who managed to send the ball to the opposite territory (you can divide the territory with a ribbon or rope).
Swim, boat!
Target: development of a strong smooth directed exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: paper or plastic boats; basin with water.
Game progress: On a low table, place a basin of water in which a paper boat floats. At first, it is better to use a plastic boat, as paper boats quickly soak and sink. The adult blows on the boat, then offers the child to blow.
Imagine it's the sea. Let's set the boat sailing. Look how strong the wind is! How fast our ship sailed. Now you try. Well done!
The game can be complicated by inviting the child to ride a boat from one city to another, marking the cities with icons on the edges of the pelvis. In this case, the air stream during oral exhalation should be not only strong, but also directed.
You can play the game in a group. In this case, organize a competition: whose boat will sail to the target faster.
ducks
Target: development of a strong smooth directed exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: rubber duck with ducklings (bathing set); other light rubber or plastic toys that float in water.
Game progress: Place a bowl of water on a low table. The teacher shows the child a duck with ducklings and offers to play.
Imagine it's a lake. A duck with ducklings came to the lake. This is how a duck swims.
An adult blows on toys, offers to blow to a child. Then the game gets more difficult.
Look: the ducklings have swum away from their mother. The duck calls the ducklings to her. Let's help the ducklings swim to the mother duck as soon as possible!
In this case, the air stream during oral exhalation should be not only strong, but also directed. You can play the game in a group of children.
Bulki
Target: development of a strong oral exhalation; learning to blow through a straw; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: a glass of water, cocktail tubes of different diameters.
Game progress: In a glass half-filled with water, lower the cocktail tube and blow into it - bubbles with a loud gurgling will rise to the surface. Then give the tube to the child and offer to blow.
Let's make fun bubbles! Take a straw and blow into a glass of water. If you blow weakly, small bubbles are obtained. And if you blow hard, you get a whole storm! Let's make a storm!
By the "storm" in the water, you can easily assess the strength of the exhalation and its duration. At the beginning of classes, the diameter of the tube should be 5-6 mm, in the future, thinner tubes can be used.
Many children who are used to drinking juice from bags through a straw do not immediately understand what is required of them, they can start drinking water (therefore, it is better to use purified drinking water just in case). In this case, first offer to blow through the tube on a piece of cotton wool on the table or on the palm of your hand to feel the air coming out of the tube.
Other from possible problems- the child may bite and gnaw on the soft straw or bend it. In this case, you can use the body of the gel pen - a transparent tube made of hard plastic.
In addition, the child can, holding the tube in the lips, exhale air through the nose. In this case, you should gently pinch the baby's nose with your fingers and offer to blow again.
Grow, foam!
Target: development of a strong oral exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: a glass of water, cocktail tubes of different diameters, dishwashing liquid.
Game progress: This game can be offered to a child after he learns to blow well through a tube into a glass of water (does not drink water, does not bend the tube). Add some dishwashing liquid to the water, then take a straw and blow into the water - with a loud gurgling, a cloud of iridescent bubbles will grow in front of the child's eyes. Then invite the child to blow. When there is a lot of foam, you can blow on it.
Now I'm doing a hocus pocus! I take liquid for dishes and drip into the water ... Now I'll interfere - are-bars-top-top-top! I take a pipe and blow. Look what happened! This is a foam of small and large bubbles! Now you try to blow.
After the children are individual lessons learn how to act correctly - blow into tubes, do not spill water, etc., you can conduct such a lesson in a group.
Birthday
Target:
development of a strong long smooth oral exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment:
marshmallows in chocolate or marshmallow; small candles for the cake; Teddy bear.
Game progress: Prepare marshmallows in chocolate or marshmallow and stick one or more holiday candles - today is the "bear's birthday". Together with your child, set the table using toy dishes, invite guests - a bunny and a doll, sing a song for the bear. Then solemnly bring in the "birthday cake" with a lit candle.
The bear has a birthday today. He is one (or more) years old. Let's congratulate the bear! Here is a birthday cake - help the bear blow out the candles.
When the child blows out the candle, make sure that the exhalation is long, strong and smooth. Explain to the baby that he has several attempts, each of which can be blown only once. If the candle has not gone out, we again draw air into the chest and try again.
Many children, when exhaling correctly, cannot correctly direct the stream of exhaled air - it passes by the flame of a candle. In this case, it is useful for clarity to suggest blowing into a pipe made of a sheet of thick paper (diameter 3-4 cm), because The tube can be used to control the direction of exhaled air.
First, place the candle at a distance of about 30 cm from the child. Gradually, the distance from the child to the candle can be increased to 40-50 cm. Explain to the child that you should not move too close to the candle.
For subsequent games with blowing out the flame, pick up candles with a stable base or standing on a reliable candlestick. You can come up with a different plot of the game, or simply offer to blow out the flame. For security reasons, this game is played individually. It is necessary to warn the child that the candle must not be touched and knocked over.
Feather, fly!
Target: development of a strong smooth directed exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: bird feather.
Game progress: Throw the feather up and blow on it without letting it fall down. Then invite the child to blow. Pay attention to the fact that you need to blow hard, directing the stream of air on the feather from the bottom up.
Bubble
Target: development of a strong smooth exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: a bubble with soap solution, a frame for blowing bubbles, tubes of various diameters - cocktail, made of thick paper, plastic bottle with cut bottom.
Game progress: Play soap bubbles with your child: first, the teacher blows bubbles, and the child watches and catches them. Then invite your child to blow bubbles on their own. It should be noted that blowing soap bubbles is often a rather difficult task for babies. Try to help the child - pick up different frames and tubes so that the child tries and chooses with which it is easier to achieve results. You can make your own soap bubble liquid by adding some dishwashing liquid and sugar to the water. Do not forget to monitor the safety of the child - do not let him try and drink the liquid.
Whistles
Target: development of a strong smooth exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: children's ceramic, wooden or plastic whistles in the form of various birds and animals.
Game progress: Before the start of the lesson, whistles should be prepared. Give the children whistles and invite them to blow into them.
Look how beautiful your whistle toys are! Masha has a bird, and Vanya has a deer. Let's arrange a forest concert - each of the animals and birds sings its own song!
The game can be repeated several times. Make sure that the children blow without straining, do not overwork. The game can be played both individually and in a group of children.
Policeman
Target: development of a strong smooth exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: whistles.
Game progress: Before the start of the lesson, you should pick up whistles and choose those that are easier to blow. Hand out whistles to the children and invite them to play policemen.
Who knows what a real policeman has? Pistol, club and, of course, a whistle. Here are whistles for you - let's play policemen! Here the militiaman saw the infringer - we whistle in a whistle!
The game can be repeated several times. Make sure that the children blow without straining, do not overwork. The game can be played both individually and in a group of children.
Blow into the pipe!
Target: development of a strong smooth exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: various wind musical instruments: pipes, pipes, horns, harmonicas.
Game progress: Before the start of the lesson, you should pick up the tools. Remember that playing wind instruments is one of the most difficult exercises for developing breathing. Therefore, check the instruments in advance and choose those that are easier to play.
Distribute the pipes to the children and invite them to play them, first in turn, then all together.
Let's have a musical parade! Take the pipes - let's start playing!
If one of the children fails to extract sound from the pipe, make sure it blows correctly: the exhalation through the mouth should be strong and fall exactly into the socket of the pipe, for which it must be tightly clamped with the lips: the air should not go out through the nose.
You can also offer flutes, horns, harmonicas for playing. The game can be played both individually and in a group of children. If one of the children does not succeed, do not insist. Perhaps it is better to return to this task later, when the child is a little older.
Music bubble
Target: development of a strong smooth exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: clean glass vial (vial height about 7 cm, neck diameter 1-1.5 cm).
Game progress: The teacher shows the children a bubble and offers a game.
How do you figure out what it is? That's right, a bubble. What can you do with a bubble? Pour water into it. Pour vitamins into a bottle. What else? Do not know! Now I'll show you the trick! Here is such a musical bubble - buzzing like a trumpet.
The teacher brings the bubble to his lips, blows into the neck, extracting sound from it. Then he invites one of the children to blow into another bubble. It should be remembered: for the bubble to buzz, the lower lip should lightly touch the edge of its neck. The air jet must be strong. Blow should be a few seconds without straining. Since glass bubbles must be used in the game, for safety reasons the game is played individually, or in a group lesson, children blow bubbles in turn. If one of the children does not succeed in this task, do not insist. Perhaps it is better to return to it later, when the child is a little older.
Inflate a toy!
Target: development of a strong smooth exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: various small inflatable toys; Balloons.
Game progress: The teacher distributes well-washed rubber inflatable toys to the children and offers to inflate them. It should be blown by taking in air through the nose, and slowly exhaling it through the mouth into the opening of the toy.
Look, our toys are very sick - thin, without tummies ... How can we play with them? Let's inflate the toys so that they become plump, healthy and fun again!
The one who inflates the toy can play with it.
This task requires a formed strong exhalation. In addition, it is necessary to teach kids how to hold toys correctly so that air does not escape from them. Offer this game only after a strong smooth exhalation has already been formed.
In subsequent classes, you can offer to inflate balloons, which is even more difficult. If the child does not succeed, do not insist.
paper flag
Target: development of a strong smooth continuous exhalation; activation of the lip muscles.
Equipment: strips of thin colored paper (size: 15x2.5 cm).
Game progress: Before starting the lesson, prepare the strips of paper. Show the children how to blow on the strip by bringing it up to their lower lip (hold the strip with your thumb and forefinger).
Let's turn paper stripes into real flags. To do this, you need to make the wind - like this! The flags are flapping in the wind!
This is not an easy exercise, it is obtained in children far from immediately. Perhaps it is better to return to it later, when the child is a little older. The game can be played both individually and in a group of children.
