What does the word tolerant mean? What does a tolerant person mean? Qualities of a tolerant person

Tolerance

Tolerance- the most important component of the social maturity of the individual. In the structure of the general phenomenon of tolerance, two types of it can be distinguished:

1) sensual tolerance of the individual and 2) dispositional tolerance of the individual.

Sensational Tolerance associated with resistance to the influence of the social environment, with a weakening of the response to any adverse factor by reducing the sensitivity to its effects. Sensory tolerance, thus, is associated with classical (and even psychophysiological) tolerance, with an increase in the threshold of sensitivity to various influences of the social environment, including the influence of subjects of interpersonal interaction. Figuratively speaking, sensual tolerance is tolerance- callousness, tolerance-fortress, tolerance-wall.

There are many vivid examples of this in Russian classical literature - this is Pushkin's Miserly knight from "Little Tragedies", so hardened in soul that he can calmly watch how he kneels in the rain, begging him for money, a poor widow, or Gogol's famous Plyushkin. In the same row, Iudushka Golovlev of Saltykov-Shchedrin especially stands out - he just loves, as you remember, to give the impression of a meek and tolerant person to others, he constantly makes sugary-moralizing speeches, but in fact he is callous and ruthless to the closest people . Speaking of tolerance as a component of the social maturity of the individual, we mean, of course, not this tolerance, but dispositional tolerance.

At the core dispositional tolerance there is a fundamentally different mechanism that ensures the tolerance of the individual in social interactions. In this case, we are talking about predisposition, readiness for a certain "tolerant" reaction of the individual to the environment. Behind dispositional tolerance are certain attitudes of the individual, his system of relations to reality: to other people, to their behavior, to himself, to the influence of other people on himself, to life in general. Examples of personality attitudes that ensure its dispositional tolerance are, say, such: “all people make mistakes sometime”, “everyone has the right to his own opinion” (or ironically: “where there are two scientists, there are three opinions”), “ aggression and irritability are often provoked by a special situation in which a person finds himself, and are not his inner essence”, “a person has the right to a breakdown”, “the latecomer himself experiences even more than those who are waiting for him”, etc. The adoption of the strategy and attitude known as "altruistic selfishness" most likely also leads to a significant increase in the tolerance of the individual. Undoubtedly, in this case, too, we must speak of dispositional rather than sensational tolerance. Dispositional tolerance, figuratively speaking, is tolerance-position, tolerance-attitude, tolerance-attitude.

The true embodiment of such tolerance can be called Prince Myshkin, who in the drafts of F.M. Dostoevsky is directly called "prince-Christ". Myshkin builds his whole life precisely on the principle of tolerance and forgiveness, looking for excuses for any misdeeds and breakdowns of the people around him - as we well remember, among them there is a fallen woman and criminals.

Such tolerance is not connected with psychophysiological tolerance. (Tolerance is an increase in tolerance to any environmental influences due to a decrease in sensitivity.) With this type of tolerance, a person retains sensitivity and empathy, the ability to empathize and sympathize. A strong dispositional tolerance, therefore, can also be possessed by a highly sensitive personality. In dispositional tolerance, a positive attitude towards the world is fully manifested, which determines a positive view of the world, a positive vision of reality.

However, in real life with the development of such a component as tolerance, everything is not as good as we would like. Here are some data from studies (Rean A.A., 1992, 1999) conducted among schoolchildren of both sexes aged 15–17 years. As it turned out, 53% of the surveyed have high scores on the parameter spontaneous aggression, and only 9% have low scores. The rest of the indicators are at the level of the average norm. So, 53% with high spontaneous aggression. But first of all, it should be clarified what is meant by "spontaneous aggression." Spontaneous aggression is the subconscious joy that a person experiences when observing difficulties and difficult situations other's. Such a person takes pleasure in “poking his nose” at others in their mistakes. This is a spontaneous, unmotivated desire to spoil someone's mood, annoy, anger. Such a person likes to confuse the other with his question or answer.

It was the spontaneous aggressiveness that Yudushka Golovlev, already mentioned above, showed, harassing his relatives with his tedious sermons, reminding them with pleasure of mistakes and failures, watching how loved ones fall into the traps set by him. Do you remember the juvenile pawnbroker Slaenov, one of the brightest roles in the film based on the book "The Republic of Shkid"? This teenager, buying bread from his comrades, watched with obvious pleasure how they got out of debt and suffered from hunger.

High indicators for another parameter - reactive aggression - are 47% of the examined, and low - only 4%. But reactive aggression is just a manifestation of aggressiveness in interaction, in communication as a typical reaction. Such people are distrustful. As a rule, they simply do not forgive offenses and remember them for a long time. Characteristic is the bright aggressiveness in defending one's interests and, in general, the conflict of the individual.

Finally, high rates of irritability are superimposed on all this - 56% have high values and only 4% are low. And irritability is emotional instability, irascibility, rapid loss of self-control. Probably, it is not even worth giving examples - unfortunately, we now and then encounter irritability in everyday life and we remember very well that even trifles often cause a sharp reaction in irritable people. They are also characterized by haste in assessing others. The given research data on the high level and wide prevalence of aggressiveness in the adolescent and youth environment are interestingly supplemented by the results of other studies that trace the dynamics of the growth of aggressiveness. It has been established that only over the past 3-4 years the level of aggressive manifestations in minors (students of ordinary schools, colleges, technical schools) has increased by an average of 1.5 times, and 12-13-year-old adolescents have the highest rates of aggression (T.N. Kurbatov). All this taken together hardly allows us to speak about the formation of social tolerance of the individual, or at least about the favorable trends in its formation. A society ill with intolerance infects its young generation with this disease. The danger is that in the new generation the disease can become congenital and mass, and thus can turn from a social pathology into a social norm, as described in E. Burgess's dystopia "A Clockwork Orange", where all adolescents are infected with aggression, and this is already surprises no one. By the way, the term infection is used here without any quotation marks intentionally, since the mechanisms of imitation and psychological infection are not metaphors, but objectively existing psychological mechanisms.

I apologize for such a long quote.

Hello, dear readers of the blog site. AT modern society(especially the West) promotes tolerance as a manifestation of civilization and culture of the individual (?).

It would be nice to figure out what it is. Also, is it always necessary to behave tolerantly?

Let's see.

The meaning of the word tolerance

In Latin, the word tolerantia means "patience". What is easier? One of the highest virtues can indeed be considered a sign of a civilized modern man — tolerance. However, Wikipedia gives several meanings to the word tolerance. Tolerance, for example:

in sociology, it is tolerance for a different worldview, traditions, rules of conduct. Separately, it is noted that acceptance, understanding, tolerant attitude to other people's habits and worldview does not mean indifference or a change in one's own principles. it recognition of other people's rights live according to your own convictions;
in medicine, a state of human immunity in which the defense mechanism cannot produce antibodies that oppose some antigen. Absolute tolerance is death. Think about it, this medical interpretation can be fully attributed to our society (especially today's European one);
in ecology - the ability of any organisms to adapt to changing environmental factors;
in narcology, pharmacology, immunology - addiction;
in technical sciences - the difference between the maximum permissible values specified for the characteristics and parameters of parts.

Our contemporaries use this term in a modified form, even as an insult (it ends in "...ast" and "...la"), as a sign of disrespect for excessive tolerance. Many pundits reserve the right to condemn and evaluate other people's beliefs, habits that are different from their own and consider that this is tolerance.

Here you need divided into general and particular. For example, I can be tolerant of a person who has committed or some other act that is not yet supported in society. It's private. I can humanly feel sorry for him, sympathize, understand.

But I cannot tolerate the very essence of the crime (I must condemn it). This is common. Here I have the right to condemn, to be intolerant, to express my opinion. And no heartfelt speeches about tolerance have the right to shut my mouth. The criminal may be pitiable (remember Yuri Detochkin), but the crime itself is not.

In this regard, I am touched by the attempt, through tolerance, to shove into the minds of people the idea that it is impossible to speak badly, for example, about sexual deviations. Nonsense. I can tolerate and even treat well those who have these deviations. But I have the right to challenge, express my opinion and even condemn the very idea of popularizing deviations.

Definition of tolerance in simple words

Moral norms of behavior, determined by the tolerance of people, the acceptance of principles, faith, traditions, feelings of others, as their inalienable right.

The main thing in tolerance is to recognize the right and freedom to openly express one's views.

That is, to be tolerant is to experience normal human feelings and have a positive attitude towards everything, except for violating moral and universal principles.

Interestingly, in 1995 UNESCO read out and adopted a Declaration outlining the basic principles of tolerance. The document says that tolerance is:

refusal of aggression;
patience;
calm perception of the world;
philosophical assessment of life principles and manifestations of the character of other people.

So you can say about this definition in simple words. Sounds, however, as an answer to the question: "What does it mean to be a man?", Agree. Do not agree? Then we will convince you.

What is meant by "tolerant"

A tolerant person can certainly be considered the most humane because he:

tolerant and compassionate;
merciful and forgiving;
perceiving the shortcomings of others ();
respecting other people's rights and freedoms;
willing to interact;
supporting the principles of partnership and equality of relations.

Sincere commitment to these factors gives a complete picture of the ideal person. This proves the importance of having tolerance in the character of people. The main thing here is not to overdo it and not use it as a weapon, shutting up the mouths of dissidents, creating a taboo on condemnation and even discussion of certain topics.

I emphasize once again that a tolerant attitude is welcomed in relation to specific people, but one cannot impose tolerance on the ideas themselves that these people promote. It is your right to challenge worldviews, scientific dogmas, even religious views and much more. The dispute is the work of the immune system, which helps to give birth to the truth (defeat the virus).

Otherwise tolerance becomes a versatile weapon in the hands of those who use it. It can reach up to, as clearly shown in this video:

Tolerance is a multifaceted concept.

The use of the term in various fields of activity, science and life is so extensive that its detailed classification must be dealt with separately. Here we note that there are several categories of this concept, for example:

pedagogical;
medical;
scientific;
political;
managerial and other categories.

In addition, types, species, subtypes, and subspecies are common. In psychology For example, tolerance is the following types:

Natural - and gullibility, characteristic of the behavior of a little man;
Moral - developing in wise self-sufficient people. They are tolerant of others;
. Not to be confused with moral. This view shows how much a person trusts others. People with this kind of tolerance tend to accept the views and values of the other. Such people do not react to scandals and stresses;
Ethnic, assuming a patient attitude to the customs, culture and way of life adopted by other nationalities. Such people can live as long as they want in an alien cultural space.

Each of these types is divided into subspecies depending on how a person relates to:

circumstances and their participants;
people on different grounds (typological subspecies);
employees and colleagues (professional subspecies);
to everything in general (collective).

Based on the results of these subspecies, it is analyzed how tolerant a person is.

Intolerance (intolerance) and how to recognize it

In their quest for tolerance, people sometimes lose sight of the fact that do not have moral tolerance demanding to accept and forgive other people's views. By an effort of will, they force themselves to accept other people's beliefs that they cannot tolerate. This happens at the level of moral values, which are suppressed by violence against one's own personality and are accompanied by stress.

This state of affairs cannot continue for long. Sometimes a person cannot withstand the stress and breaks down - he acts absolutely intolerantly. He sharply expresses his opinion as the only correct one, rejecting the opinion of others. If this happens to you, you can consider yourself intolerant.

This happens everywhere, we see how people do not accept anyone's arguments, plant their point of view and do not hear opponents.

How to recognize a tolerant or intolerant person

Individuals who have these opposite traits have a number of character traits. To understand whether a person is tolerant or intolerant, pay attention to the following signs:

Sense of humor. The ability to laugh at one's own shortcomings is the most obvious feature of tolerance;
Self realization. Purposefulness and openness, ability to respond to requests for help. Intolerant individuals do not empathize, do not know what they want and do not strive to develop;
Harmony within. Intolerants blame the whole world, and praise themselves, attributing all sorts of virtues to themselves (almost);
Sober assessment of yourself. The tolerant individual knows exactly his shortcomings and wants to get rid of them;
Feeling of safety. Openness allows tolerant people to feel protected in society. Intolerant individuals see a threat everywhere;
. The search for reason and reason in everything distinguishes a tolerant person, he is not afraid to answer for his own and even for other people's words and deeds;
Democracy. Listen and stay with your own. Tolerant people will not convince at any cost. Intolerant dictators by nature, subordinating those around them to their worldview.

Is it always necessary to behave tolerantly?

All of us, to one degree or another, have encountered manifestations of intolerance in our lives, and this is understandable, because the concept of tolerance for us is something new and came to us from the “enlightened West”. In our society, tolerance was considered a manifestation of softness.

Many confuse tolerance with forgiveness and mercy in religion. However, the Church Fathers do not accept tolerance for any point of view, they consider it a threat to moral principles. And the adoption of a foreign culture is condemned as a danger.

In families, society, politics of other modern states (especially European ones), we see vivid examples turning tolerance into permissiveness. As a result, what seemed unbelievable ten years ago is now becoming an indisputable norm.

This makes one wonder if there are boundaries beyond which tolerance does not bring harmony and peace to the individual inside? Everyone sets these limits for himself independently, guided by upbringing, morality, maybe the Law of God and the laws of mankind. So, you have something to think about!

Good luck to you! See you soon on the blog pages site

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What is TOLERANCE - definition, meaning in simple words.

Simply put, tolerance is the concept of showing respect for another race, religion, gender, opinion or ideology. Also, the essence of tolerance can be defined as a fair and objective attitude towards those whose way of life differs from yours. At its core, tolerance is the opposite.

Tolerance of society, pluses and minuses.

Discussing the positive and negative aspects of the concept of tolerance, it is worth noting that even though the term “tolerance” is very simple in definition, the essence of this idea is a very conditional substance. The fact is that the concept of tolerance does not have any clear defined framework. This means that the criteria for what is acceptable and what is beyond tolerance are not defined. For example, on this moment there is no clear list of what should be treated with patience and understanding, and what is a clear violation of the rights of other members of society. Thus, the feeling of tolerance depends directly on each person.

Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that the most basic drawback in the concept of tolerance is the fact that everyone sets the norms for himself personally. Thus, one person can be infinitely tolerant towards others, but in return he will not receive an objective attitude towards himself.

An example of a negative moment.

As an example, we can cite some of the refugees from Arab countries who settled in civilized European cities. The problem with them is that they do not try to integrate into an established, more developed society. Instead, they practice their cultural traditions, which for most civilized people seem like medieval savagery. This list may include various cruel rituals or attitudes towards women. Moreover, they demand tolerance for their way of life, with absolutely no respect for the value system of the country that hosted them. Given this example, we can observe a situation where excessive tolerance only leads to new problems.

Tolerance and the future.

However, the very essence of tolerance and mutual respect is the only way out for the development of the human race in the face of such vast differences between representatives of different cultures. And since we have understood that the norms of tolerance directly depend on the personality of a person, then it is with this that we need to work. As practice shows, the more educated a person is, the more understanding he treats the people around him and the world as a whole. Thus, in order to achieve harmony and mutual understanding in the world community, it is necessary to discard the ancient paradigms and focus specifically on education.

Tolerance is a concept applicable in many areas of human existence and therefore has certain specific characteristics. The origin of the term tolerance has its roots in the medical industry and was used to characterize the absence or loss of sensitivity to any factors (antigens, drugs, physical effects) by the body.

Medical tolerance is the absence of a reaction or a practically unexpressed reaction, roughly speaking, complete tolerance is death, when the body does not completely respond to influences, does not resist, but only accepts them. But from the medical field, the concept moved to the field of human relations, along with which it began to refer not to the lack of reaction, but to the degree of patience and is often used as a synonym for tolerance. The most common use among the broad masses of tolerance is precisely in the social aspect, and reflects tolerance for other people's manifestations, ways of arranging one's life, maintaining chosen worldview and religious concepts.

Tolerance is not indifference to the behavior of others, but the ability to allow others to lead a different way of life from their own and accept them as such.

The meaning of the word tolerance

used this concept in the field of finance and technology and is designated as an acceptable deviation (in the weight of the coin or the size of the part) that does not significantly affect the value and functionality.

In psychology, tolerance is seen as a sign of personal maturity and confidence. Acceptance of other nations, their traditions and habits, the ability to treat other cultures with understanding and respect is possible with developed ability to analysis, openness to new experience and the manifestation of the soul, without resorting to competition or planting one's own foundations. Only the one who is confident in himself is able to listen to the other and try to understand, in a person of a flat organization, differences cause or, which in any case gives rise to confrontation. Public tolerance is not synonymous with betrayal of one's own interests, a condescending attitude or a policy of non-intervention, it does not tolerate imposing on oneself, but it does not tolerate other social injustice either.

What is tolerance? The meaning of the word is presented by many sources as a synonym for tolerance. From what was more interesting to a person and in what area the study of the concept was carried out, the emphasis was placed on tolerance, religious, social, national or based on another sign. Like tolerance, tolerance is not a quality that characterizes the active active side of a person, it is passive and is aimed at accepting the surrounding space and the manifestations of others. Although, unlike religious tolerance, which is mostly aimed at a compassionate attitude and mercy of a believer, it consists precisely in acceptance and humility with the vices of others, tolerance is a more rigid construct in its behavioral form.

Tolerance is conscious and is an active choice of a person, manifesting itself, affects both participants in the process, i.e. it is impossible to be tolerant towards others and not demand the same attitude from them. A person who professes the principles of accepting the behavior and choices of everyone will be extremely surprised by the condemnation of his judgments and concepts of life, and when trying to impose others or prohibit them, he will resist. It is in this that the active position of a rather passive at first glance concept, as well as in upholding social equality, which is a manifestation of tolerance, when faced with a violation of human value.

To understand this term, four main planes can be used: as indifference to the manifestation of the other, as respect in the absence of understanding of the views of the other, as a condescending attitude that excludes respect, as the possibility of discovering something new in oneself through the assumption of the existence of the other.

In psychology, tolerance is considered as a weakening or disappearance of the response of the psyche at the behavioral and emotional level to an unfavorable factor. The concept is different from, since it implies a change in the surrounding world, ways of interacting with it or oneself to reduce the negative impact, while tolerance does not actively interfere in destructive processes, but is manifested by a change in the degree of response. So, a person who is constantly shouted at will be frightened at first, but if nothing changes, then over time, raising his voice will stop evoking emotions in him or significantly reduce their amplitude. In many ways, the concept of tolerance in psychology is associated with a habit or developed resistance in a person’s previous experience; the upbringing system and the surrounding society also leave a certain imprint. The formation of tolerance occurs both consciously by the person himself, and unconsciously, reading the attitude of significant adults.

In general, the meaning of the word tolerance conveys the desire for tolerance, forgiveness, acceptance with all the peculiarities and shortcomings, the desire for cooperation and interaction, sincere respect for a person and recognition of his rights and freedoms on an equal basis with his own. Further, depending on the type of tolerance, there are certain details that correct the picture, but do not deviate from the above general principles, approved by the legislative bases of many countries and representing the main concept of the activities of the UN and UNESCO.

Types of tolerance

Despite the various areas of use of the term, many types of tolerance are defined exclusively in the socio-psychological sphere, because. in the technical and medical sphere, everything is more strictly regulated.

In the sphere of relationships, depending on the structure, direction and, accordingly, manifestation, tolerance can be:

- political (respectful attitude of the authorities towards members of society who have opposing views and a willingness to accept and allow the emergence of other ideas and thoughts among their own supporters);

- pedagogical (tolerant and equal attitude, regardless of the intellectual level and degree of education received);

- age (lack of judgments about a person, her qualities and abilities based on her age, which is often violated when explaining the inadmissibility of an act by childhood);

- religious (benevolent attitude and respect for other confessions, religions, beliefs, cults, sects, atheists, etc., while following one's own chosen path);

- to the disabled (recognition of the full value of the personality and its manifestations, not out of pity, but out of respect and understanding of the equivalence of the spiritual and personal manifestations of each);

- gender (equal treatment of representatives of different sexes, equal rights, duties and opportunities, both in terms of education and career, as well as expression of will and representation.

In the psychological aspect, there is a natural (it is also called natural) tolerance, inherent initially in all people, but passing with age. It is due to the fact that in childhood (the earliest) there is initially no separation of oneself from the world (if something hurts, then it feels like the whole world hurts), and even more so the opposition self surrounding. The child resigns himself to the demands and manifestations of others because of his weakness in separate independent survival, which creates the need to adapt and suppress some of his own manifestations.

Personal tolerance is based on internal meanings, and understanding the value of giving others the right to realize their own potential in any chosen way and respect for this choice. It is this internal characteristic that is the regulator in the construction of social relations, but at the same time it is a diagnostic indicator of the environment in which a person was brought up. It is the formation of tolerance in society that is the condition for the development of this quality and the ability to have a broad worldview.

From personal tolerance, social tolerance matures, which characterizes not so much the attitude of the person himself to some phenomenon, but the system of behavior and the establishment of social ties, the maintenance of social balance. The main guarantee of peaceful existence and comfortable development for each individual being is being in a tolerant society, and maintaining a decent level of acceptance of different people is the concern of every mature person, thus demonstrating his own social tolerance. From the strategy of building social contacts, they share the moral and ethical aspects of tolerance.

Moral tolerance is manifested in following the norms predetermined by society, or inherent in the person himself according to his inner convictions, and is expressed in restraining one's own emotions and showing patience. At the same time, this behavior is regulated by conscious activity and the wisdom of logic, not always having emotional and spiritual correspondences (you can endlessly get annoyed and angry inside, but external behavioral manifestations will not violate the norms of morality and complacency).

Moral tolerance, which seems similar to moral tolerance, is essentially its antipode, since a person tries to understand and internally accept the behavior and motivation of another person’s actions, he tries to perceive the principles of another as his own, which gives guidance to respectful and dignified behavior side of external control, but from internal motivation. So there is more sincerity and the process itself is easier, without forcibly restraining one's emotional reactions, it is moral tolerance that helps to understand another person and find common ground and way out of conflict situations, while the previous mechanisms are more about avoiding than overcoming it.

Ethnic tolerance is based on the acceptance of intercultural differences, without belittling, infringement and imposing one's way of thinking. Despite the cardinal differences in customs, a person who has ethnic tolerance will not consider someone else's customs wild, but rather show interest in them or find something similar to their habits. To tame, educate or subordinate to laws the manifestation of this type of tolerance is the most difficult, and, perhaps, it can only have an external side, strictly controlled by conscious mechanisms. Such difficulties are due to the presence of ethnic acceptance by the perception of this type of differences at the subconscious level, where the attitude towards those who are different is genetically laid down as if they were strangers. In ancient times, people distinguished each other phenotypically, were divided into clans, into their own and others. And now, despite the idea of equality and brotherhood, which is being actively popularized, the millennium-old mechanism reacts with a “stranger” signal, which should be treated with at least caution.

At the same time, a rather rapid mixing of genes, nationalities and races occurs, especially in megacities, and people face the problem of their own ethnic identity. The pace of life, the possibility of a quick change of place of residence, and, accordingly, the prevailing part of a certain culture contributes to an increase in ethnic tolerance.

According to the degree of manifestation, tolerance is low (inability to show patience and a positive attitude not only towards certain qualities, but towards the world and humanity, everything annoys and infuriates a person, about which he does not tire of informing others), medium (when a person is able to express patience with his opponents , to admit that he likes communication, and to make it clear that he understands those with whom he has encountered), high (when there is complete acceptance of the other and a lot of pleasure and psychological comfort is obtained from communication).

Education of tolerance

Tolerance and its foundations were not invented artificially, it arose along with the formation of society, its values and priorities. Based on critical moments that do not require the definition and explanation of their importance, the criteria included in tolerance are highlighted. And all these criteria for its formation are indisputable intrinsic values in any corner of the world and for any person, this includes life, health, freedom, family. Becoming the internal values of each person and the values of society, they are the unifying foundation where all differences disappear. And if I want my freedom to be respected, then I will not violate someone else's. The same requirements for everyone and for oneself stand at the stage of tolerance formation, and a sincere experience of the needs and values of another person, the ability to make this process less mechanistic and formal, and give it a personal coloring.

We have more attention, feeling and tolerance for those places and people that have something to do with our lives. You may not care what happens to the Libyans, but if your good friend works there from the UN mission, then you will listen to the next report from there with less indifference. Starting from such a mechanism of our psyche, you can develop tolerance by getting to know a representative of another culture, ideally, if he becomes your friend or spouse, the level of tolerance for this people will skyrocket. Helps to travel and leave to work for some time in other regions. The first stays, of course, will be shocking, but the more such sorties will be, the more the whole possible variety of human lives will be understood. Nomads or eternal travelers, stewardesses or tour guides are practically devoid of any prejudices regarding a particular nationality, age, and much more. All this is due to the fact that a person sees many different people and stops evaluating them, starting from the grafted system, and each time focuses directly on the situation and behavior of a particular person, even if he is insanely similar and fits into some category.

But not everyone will develop their own tolerance so independently, and its upbringing begins with society. The society is subject to certain laws, so the state should take part in the education of tolerance. It is necessary to create a fair legislative framework respecting the equality of all representatives of mankind, while the main orientation should be on international conventions for the protection of human rights. Control over the media, while respecting their freedoms and coverage of events, but observing the absence of propaganda or derogatory attitude, presentation or feedback about any categories of the population.

But the role that the state can fulfill is negligible and turns out to be ineffective in the absence of the necessary education, because the sphere of relationships between people and the breadth of outlook and the possibility of acceptance is an educational problem and is formed in the immediate environment of a person (parents, educators, neighbors, relatives, friends). Not in all schools, the educational process takes place from a humanistic position, supporting the uniqueness of each individual. More and more demands are made to meet certain standards and public punishment or humiliation of a person who differs from the numbers written by uncles in the ministry.

The restructuring of the learning process with the integration of various fields of art, using the experience of different nations, expands the boundaries of acceptance and shows that everyone has something valuable and can be learned from everyone. The introduction of the study of various languages contributes to the maximum contact with another culture, helps its comprehensive understanding. According to many studies, without knowledge of the language, it is impossible to fully study another culture, even after reading all the information available about it. In history lessons, one can stop hiding aspects of the multinationality of the state and start talking openly about the homosexual orientation of many significant historical figures. Distortion of facts distorts perception, and as a result, we get a generation that has grown up with prejudices embedded in their heads, because of which it is problematic for them to build their own lives in the future.

By your own example, it is worth demonstrating respect for the opinion, choice and actions of the child, having learned this from childhood and considering it the norm, a person will respect others. Replace criticism with interest, turn conflict into interaction, and replace reproaches with help - it is by training such new strategies of behavior in everyday life that one can achieve an increase in the overall tolerance of society. Tolerance is born from inner world each and every experience that a person has received throughout life. If you have little experience with acceptance for who you are, then most likely you will be able to perfectly master the strategies of manipulation, disguise, submission and domination, but there will be nowhere to take the experience and power of acceptance, because this did not happen in the picture of the world. Also, demanding acceptance from someone is not a manifestation of tolerance, because at this moment you yourself do not accept the person, forcing him to accept you.

A mutual process that sweeps away age and any other differences, when the opinion of the child and the parent is equally important, forms acceptance and respect, and in both, and indirectly affects everyone who comes into contact with them in life.

Tolerance pros and cons

It seems that the advantages of tolerance are indisputable, because otherwise so many people cannot work on its development, upbringing, and maintenance. World congresses and school teachers all talk about it, but it is worth looking into the consequences of this phenomenon in more detail.

The advantages of tolerance in maintaining humanity and avoiding violent clashes. This skill allows you to learn to overcome difficult situations and their own fears through effective interactions and the search for common interests - usually this leads to the exchange of experience and the emergence of something completely new, impossible without combining different ideas of different people. This is an endless transfer of experience and knowledge, an opportunity to draw information and look at the world in a new way. In addition to informative joys, tolerance contributes to its own peace of mind and development, since you can be nervous about differences for an infinitely long time, get a breakdown and go to a psychiatric hospital, which also will not save you from internal beliefs that prevent you from living in society. Without experiencing irritation or hatred towards any people, we get more places to turn for help, we are fed by different views on the same situation, and this is what helps us to look for new and correct solutions.

Cons of tolerance also exist, because, like any idea, it has its blind spots and weaknesses. Often, using the ideas of developing tolerance, hiding behind good ideas and intentions, people manipulate others. It is fair at the level of countries and the introduction of some idea into the consciousness, and at the level of personal interaction and pumping out helpful behavior from others. Indeed, in order not to seem intolerant and low, we strive to take care, and some use it. There is a subtle sense of edge involved here, when you really treat a person with respect, and when you succumb to manipulation, it's not easy. In addition, some manifestations of tolerance look like indifference. Of course, it is worth leaving a person to decide his own fate and make choices, but if a mother just sits and watches her child pump drugs through a vein, then this is not tolerance, but stupidity.

Perhaps the main disadvantages of tolerance are that good idea distorted with bad meanings, what should come from the heart began to be demanded and gnawed out, in addition to the widespread slogans, from which one only wants to ask “Why can’t good deeds be done more quietly?”. The multitude and the cover-up of far from ethical things by this concept have developed an attitude towards it as a manipulation in order to abandon one's own interests. But it is worth remembering that this is a mutual, bilateral, sincere and ongoing process.

Not all people use the concept of tolerance in their lives. What it is? These are the norms of behavior accepted in the social environment, which are expressed in people's tolerance for each other, religions, customs and feelings. It can be said that The basis of tolerance is considered to be the right to express thoughts and every person. These are human feelings, which are expressed in a positive attitude of people to something, but not to violations of moral and universal principles. This word has recently come into use, let's try to understand this concept in more detail.

peony flower

Tolerance includes such human qualities as:

Compassion and tolerance;
Forgiveness and mercy;
Perception of the neighbor with all his shortcomings;
Respect for the rights and freedoms of people;
Willingness to cooperate;
Maintaining a spirit of partnership and parity among people.

In 1995, the UNESCO Declaration of Principles on Tolerance was adopted.

According to this document, tolerance is:

Patience;
Lack of aggression;
Philosophical worldview and the ability to philosophically evaluate the life positions and manifestations of the character of other people.

Depending on the sphere of manifestation, tolerance is divided into the following categories:

political;
Pedagogical;
Medical;
Scientific;
Administrative, etc.

Types and types of tolerance in modern society

The concept of tolerance is not just a Wikipedia definition. There are different definitions, as well as divisions of tolerance into species, types, subspecies and subtypes. Psychologists divide tolerance into four types, which are based on interpersonal communication of people:

natural (natural). This type of tolerance is characterized by the fact that the child cannot oppose his own "I" to the world around him. He doesn't have much experience for that. Children's consciousness is driven by forgiveness, trust. It is these qualities that allow a small person to adapt to the conditions of existence. However, these character traits make the baby suppress desires and manifestations of will.

People with different color skins can be tolerant of each other

moral tolerance. This kind of tolerance is characteristic of self-sufficient and wise people who are able to use the body's psychological defense mechanisms. The main manifestation of this attitude is the manifestation of tolerance towards others. Inside, the passions of indignation may rage and negative energy accumulate, but outwardly the person is extremely calm.

moral tolerance. It will be surprising to many people that two paragraphs with synonymous subheadings go in a row. But there is a significant difference between moral and moral tolerance. Moral tolerance is different in that it determines the degree of trust in a person. This type is typical for people who try to accept thoughts, values, stereotypes, life principles another person. It is easy for such people to carry conflict situations and resist stress.

ethnic tolerance. Causes long-suffering and lack of condemnation to a foreign culture, customs and way of life.

A person endowed with ethnic tolerance is able to live for a long time in an environment that is unusual, and sometimes even unpleasant for him, a foreign culture and traditions.

Main types of tolerance consist of four subspecies:

The attitude of a person to the situation and the people taking part in it. Subdivided situational tolerance to the following levels:

Low level characteristic of a person’s negative attitude to the world and the surrounding reality (“they annoy me”);
On the middle level a person expresses tolerance for interlocutors (“I like to communicate with them, and I understand them perfectly”);
Highest level characterized by the complete acceptance of a person by a person (“I feel comfortable and good with them”).

The position of a person in relation to other people, based on political, ethnic and national characteristics. This type of tolerance is called typological.
Another subtype of tolerance - professional. This is the reaction of people to the environment in which they are forced to stay for a large amount of time - employees, colleagues, colleagues.
Collective tolerance (general) consists of the signs that a person shows as a result of the previous three observations. Their systematization gives a general picture of the level of tolerance of the individual.

Many people are intolerant of men and women with tattoos.

Examples of tolerance from life

The most obvious manifestations of tolerance in life, as a rule, are associated with religion: you can meet a Christian who talks with a Muslim, and both of them are tolerant towards each other, listen to each other's position and opinion. Also, an example of tolerance can be a conversation between people of different political views. It is important that l people do not try to impose their point of view but have the power to recognize that the other person may not share your political beliefs.

Often people are intolerant of appearance people who dress or look very different from you. For example, you don’t like tattoos and as soon as you see a girl with a tattoo, your attitude towards her immediately deteriorates, or you don’t want to communicate with her at all.

It will be absolutely intolerant to express your position as the only true one, to hint in every possible way that the person is wrong, that all his arguments seem stupid or insignificant to you. In this situation, you can safely call yourself an intolerant person.

Tolerance and intolerance

In an effort to become tolerant, a person does not think about the fact that his manifestations of tolerance sometimes have the character of violence against himself. That is, he does not have moral tolerance, which is due to acceptance and forgiveness. This process takes place at the level of moral tolerance, which suppresses the internal rejection of any processes.

Tolerance and intolerance are manifested in all spheres of human relationships: professional, interethnic, interreligious and others.

How to understand that a person is tolerant? As a rule, the following signs of tolerance and tolerant personality are distinguished:

Humor. The ability to laugh at one's own shortcomings is the main difference between a tolerant person. He adequately responds to criticism and jokes addressed to him.

Self-realization.

A tolerant person is aimed at self-improvement and the implementation of his plans.

He is inquisitive, open with people and selflessly comes at the first call for help. An intolerant individual does not know how to empathize and does not show compassion for people. He cannot self-determine, and does not strive for self-improvement.

Self-esteem. Tolerance is the ability of a person to adequately evaluate himself and others. He clearly knows and strives to eradicate them. Tolerance implies the harmony of people with the world and within themselves. An intolerant person is accustomed to blaming others for his troubles. He transfers all the blame to those around him, to the circumstances. At the same time, in tolerant people exalt their own achievements and stick out virtues that, perhaps, do not exist at all.

Security. With all the problems of modern reality (rampant crime, terrorism, etc.), a tolerant person feels protected in society. However, intolerant people see everything that happens around them as a real threat to their own security.

A responsibility. Tolerant people are not afraid of responsibility. In everything that happens around, they are looking for the true causes and meaning. It is not difficult for them to take on certain obligations, and bear for their misdeeds and others.

Conchita Wurst, aka Thomas Neuwirth, winner of the Eurovision Song Contest 2014 in Copenhagen

Democracy. Tolerant people will never convince you that they are right. They will definitely listen to your point of view, but will remain with their own. Intolerant people are dictators in their psychological attitude. They need to know that everyone around them is subject to their concepts and aspirations.

Tolerance in the modern world

Tolerance for our state and its citizens is something new that has come to us since the time of "Perestroika" and the formation of a new state. In the Soviet Union, tolerance was considered, if not a manifestation of weakness, then a betrayal of the political views promoted by the state. In a communist society, differences of opinion, religious views and preferences were not allowed. The perverted concept of tolerance was recognized only in the call for equality and brotherhood of all peoples and strata of society. Which, however, was sheer propaganda, and had no real basis.

At the present time, people in our country and around the world are increasingly asking themselves the question: “How to become a tolerant person?” And many confuse tolerance with forgiveness in Christianity. However, this concept is far from calling Christianity to the patient and stoic desire to "bear your cross" or "turn your cheek for a second blow." The Orthodox Fathers categorically reject tolerance as a science and in every possible way prevent its teaching in schools and universities. They believe that the acceptance and understanding of any point of view destroys the moral foundations of a person who were brought up in him from childhood.

We can list several examples of the dual interpretation of manifestations of tolerance in society:

Youth. Consider a prime example manifestations of denial of tolerance – skinhead groups. They believe that tolerance for foreign culture, beliefs and attitudes leads to the oppression of the Slavic race. How to explain to a child what tolerance is? First of all, by example. Do not be afraid to discuss sensitive topics in the family regarding any kind of tolerance. Tolerance for children, especially small ones, can be a difficult concept, but over the years, the seeds you sow will make themselves felt, and your child will become a truly tolerant person.

A family. In some countries, where a tolerant position towards people has been promoted for a long time, there are some excesses in concepts. For example, in England it is forbidden to use the words "husband" and "wife" in the document flow. Thus, the authorities of the state try not to offend the feelings of sexual minorities entering into a marriage union. However, this is also not the limit, in the future it is planned to ban the words "mother" and "father", with the same purpose. European society condemns the denial of Russians in relation to same-sex partners who want to adopt children.

Politics. AT political life There is a very thin line between tolerance and servility. Politicians receive appropriate training and skills to help them manipulate the public and the opinion of the majority of people. Take the same ban on teenage homosexuality, adopted at the legislative level in Russia. In tolerant Europe, this caused a storm of condemnation and accusations of intolerance of the Russian rulers.

Today we see that the Russian public is outraged by the manifestation of fascism and extremism on the territory of the former Russian state - Ukraine.

Conclusion

From all of the above, the following conclusions can be drawn:

Manifestations of tolerance for non-traditional views on life and the concepts of the minority must be justified by logic and common sense;
It is necessary to consider the adoption of certain positions guided by the laws and traditions adopted in society;
It is necessary to clearly know and be aware of the limits of tolerance;
Tolerance should not develop into permissiveness and violation of true values.

It is necessary to respect and understand the meaning of life, the positions and aspirations of other people, which must correspond to such concepts as "morality", "morality" and "democracy". A tolerant person is not one who is endowed with one positive quality, it is an individual who possesses all of them in full. He will never go into conflict, even justified by certain circumstances, it is impossible to call him to condemn or sharply reject other people's ideals and aspirations. However truly tolerant people must have high moral principles. In order for our society to become tolerant, it is necessary to educate and instill in young people tolerance based on the standards of morality and morality.