Games for hyperactive children are primarily aimed at keeping the attention of such a baby, which can sometimes be a very difficult task. by definition characterized by constant activity and impulsivity. What to do with your baby if he is not able to stay in one place for a long time, and also cannot bring many tasks to their logical conclusion? Disobedience to any norms of behavior, forgetfulness are concomitant factors that complement general characteristics super energetic kids.
Classes with hyperactive children imply the direction of their energy in the right, creative direction, and games in this matter will provide an invaluable service.
- You should not expect from the child the impeccable observance of the rules. It is recommended to start training with the development of 1 function, for example, attention. But this will require patience. If during this process the baby is constantly pulled up, then it will be impossible to achieve success. The fact is that he will switch all his attention from the educational process to the control of his actions.
- It is very important to prevent overexcitation and overwork of the baby. It is necessary to switch it to other forms of activity in time.
- Given that hyperactive children are practically unable to exercise self-control, this function should be taken over by parents.
- It is best to start with overly active kids in an individual form. The child should gradually move to group games. It must be understood that the baby can become a cause between the participants in the game. After all, such children are not distinguished by stability in behavior and patience.
Games aimed at developing the child's attention
Children like the game "Corrector" because it allows them to feel not only adults, but also significant. Before the game, your little one should explain the meaning of the word "corrector". A proofreader is a person who corrects mistakes. Printed publications, in particular for children, can be an example. You can pay attention to those that the child reads or views most often. After the explanation, he is invited to become such an important person.
At the beginning of the game, it is necessary to determine which letter or combination of letters will be considered “wrong”. The child will look for this letter in the texts and cross it out. Then a part of the text is selected, and the time is set for which the task should be completed. When the time runs out, it remains only to check the execution of the task. If the kid made a mistake, do not focus on this. Systematic repetition of the game will help the child learn to concentrate his attention, and over time, the mistakes will disappear.
The game "Teacher" is remembered by many, because in childhood everyone played it. Practice shows that children in elementary school show the greatest interest in this game. At this age, it is very important for them to play the role of someone significant, and the role of a teacher is ideal for this. Acting as students, parents should take into account the fact that the child is not able to make out adult handwriting - this can cause conflict situation and loss of interest in the game.
There are games that can be somewhat boring for adults. A prime example of this is the game "Only about one". But, despite the lack of dynamics, children love this game very much. The kid is invited to choose any toy and talk exclusively about it. Only the person holding the chosen toy will speak. It is spoken in 1 sentence, which either describes the subject as a whole, or only some of its details. It is very important not to repeat the answers already mentioned earlier. Also, you can not be distracted from the game, switching attention to other objects. If someone is distracted, then a penalty in the form of deducted points is imposed on such a player. If during the game a player has 3 penalties, then he is considered a loser. Similarly, there is a penalty for repeated statements or an answer out of turn.
To increase interest in the game, it is recommended to hold its time limits. If during the predetermined time none of the players received 3 penalties, then everyone becomes the winner. The absence of fines can be considered an achievement of success, since the baby, taking into account his hyperactivity, was able to concentrate his attention exclusively on play activities.
The game "Trained Fly" has some differences from the above. To carry it out, you need a sheet of paper on which 16 cells are drawn (4 cells vertically and 4 horizontally). Then a game chip in the form of a fly is made. If it is not possible to make it yourself, then you can take an ordinary button, which will symbolize this insect.
The finished chip is placed on any cell of the playing field. Now the fly will be given orders where it should move (how many cells and in what direction). During the game, the child must mentally imagine all the movements of the insect. The player giving orders must not see the playing field. All orders for how many cells the insect will move are given blindly. If a child gives orders, then not only attention, but also memory will be trained in him. When the insect goes beyond the lined cells, be sure to signal this. Then the players switch roles, and everything repeats.
Outdoor games
One such game is The Last of the Mohicans. As a preface, you can tell something about the Indians. To create an educational moment, it is best to discuss with the child the main characteristics of the Indians. In particular, we are talking about such qualities as observation, attentiveness and unity with nature. Success and well-being depend on their ability to notice what is happening around them. And only after creating this kind of motivation, you can offer the child to become one of the Mohicans.
The rules of the game "Catch - do not catch" are very similar to the rules of the well-known "Edible - inedible". To catch or not to catch the ball will be determined by a predetermined designation. For example, you can agree that the driver will throw the ball and say a word that is related to animals, and then the child must catch the ball. If the spoken word has nothing to do with animals, he does not catch the ball.
It is recommended to give the child the opportunity to choose topics on their own. Usually in such games, children show creativity and creative thinking. In addition, such games allow you to develop not only thinking and attention, but also significantly increase the speed of information processing and some motor skills.
Games for stress relief (relaxation)
A great game to relieve tension is "Touch". "Touch" allows the baby to go into a relaxed state and at the same time increases his tactile sensations.
Before the start of the game, the preparation of items made from different materials. In this case, soft toys, cotton wool, wood or plastic products are suitable. Items are laid out in front of the baby. After he carefully examines and remembers them, he is invited to close his eyes and guess what kind of object he was touched.
A proven way to make a child relax is to teach him to alternate muscle tension and subsequent complete relaxation. It is best to do this in a playful way.
The child is invited to enter the role of a soldier. To do this, we can give an example of how the military are on guard duty. The kid takes a combat stance as soon as he hears the word "soldier". In this position, he must stand for a certain time, after which the adults say the command “rag doll”. When executing this command, he should relax. It is best to lean forward a little so that the arms begin to dangle, as if they were made of cotton or fabric. In this position, you must be in advance for a predetermined time, after which the “soldier” command will again follow.
The game should end exclusively at the moment of relaxation. In addition, it is necessary to finish it only after the baby has really relaxed.
If at least once in his life a child had the opportunity to watch how a ball is inflated with a pump, then it will not be difficult for him to enter the image of the game “Pump and Ball”. The kid will have to depict the changes that occur with the ball during the inflation process.
The players stand opposite each other, and the one who will represent the ball should look sluggish, as if he is the deflated ball. Meanwhile, another player (usually one of the parents) will imitate the process of inflating the ball. As this process continues, the "ball" should become more inflated. When the baby's cheeks swell, and the arms are extended to the sides, the parent needs to express dissatisfaction with the result. Now the “ball” will have to be lowered, because it is too pumped. As the ball deflates, the child will relax and eventually just lie down on the floor.
Based on practice, we can conclude that it is quite difficult for hyperactive children to regulate the tone of their speech. Thanks to the game "Silence - Whisper - Shout" this problem can be dealt with. The game allows you to develop the ability to control the tone of speech at a conscious level.
The child must raise or lower the tone of his voice, focusing on predetermined signs. For example, if you put your finger on your lips, the baby will speak quietly and move slowly. If you put your hands under your head, then he should freeze and not talk. If the host raises his hands, then the child is allowed to run, jump and scream.
Another useful entertainment is called "Speak on a signal." The main factor here is communication with the baby. He answers any questions asked. But the answer itself begins only after a certain signal. Such a signal must be specified at the beginning of the game. An example would be scratching your chin or folding your arms across your chest, there are many options. If the question was raised, but there is no prearranged signal, the baby should not answer. At this point, self-control training takes place. It will be especially difficult for a child if he knows exactly the answer to the question posed.
playing with hyperactive child, it must be remembered that despite their energy, such children are emotionally unstable. The choice of game should also depend on age. For example, a student may refuse some games. In addition, one should not put pressure on a son or daughter if he or she refuses to play and starts offering something of his own. In such a situation, you will have to make some concessions, and then take the hyperactive child with the game. If the child is so mobile that no games can attract him, then it would be useful to contact a professional child psychologist who will help parents in the matter of education.
Exercises for hyperactive children.
For the student's health elementary school many factors influence. To keep the child healthy, the teacher must remember:
Build normal, healthy relationships with the student;
Take into account the emotional personality characteristics of children;
Take into account the fatigue of children;
Take into account students with an increased need for attention;
Pay attention to students with increased physical activity;
Take into account the age and individual characteristics of children in the distribution of any load;
Learn to plan your day
Help your child feel their own worth.
Increased motor activity.
Respect your child and accept him for who he is. Be realistic in your expectations and requirements;
Avoid repeating the words "no" and "can't";
Speak with restraint, calmly, gently;
Use visual stimulation to reinforce verbal instructions;
At a certain period of time, give the child only one task so that he can complete it;
When playing, limit the child to one partner;
Maintain a “positive model” in dealing with students. Praise him every time he deserves it, emphasize successes. This will help strengthen the child's self-confidence, increase his self-esteem;
Give your child the opportunity to expend excess energy. At the lessons - physical minutes, games with motor elements (with a ball, on the street, get it, give it, bring it, etc.). In the afternoon - long walks, outdoor games, jogging;
But at the same time, this student must be protected from fatigue, since it leads to a decrease in his self-control and an increase in activity;
Teach your child to take quiet breaks;
The instructions that we give the child should be clear to him and very short. In order for an impulsive child to understand you, before you say something, think over and weigh each word, then establish eye contact with the child, ask if he is ready to listen to you, and then speak, emphasizing key words with your voice;
In moments when the student does not understand you well and does not listen to what you are saying to him, use the “broken record” technique - repeat your appeal to him word for word 3-4 times in a confident voice, making long pauses. Be sure to get your way without changing tactics. When the child fulfills your request, praise him or just say thank you;
Sometimes teachers, out of impatience in response to violent manifestations and disobedience, scold the child, but this measure of influence can only increase the reaction and cause negative emotions.
On the lesson:
Seating the child at the first desk of the central row, using more visibility, closing the door to the classroom, creating “Success Situations”, individually explaining homework.
Change of activities depending on the degree of fatigue;
Realization of the child's motor needs (fulfillment of the teacher's instructions that require motor activity: distribute notebooks, erase from the board, etc.).
Reduced requirements for accuracy in the early stages of training; rewards for work performed by the child a little more accurately than the previous one.
Performing relaxation exercises and removing muscle clamps;
If necessary, explain the material individually (one on one).
Checking the knowledge of such a student is carried out at the beginning of the lesson.
EXERCISES
1. "Stressed - relaxed." It is necessary to strain the whole body as much as possible, after a few seconds, release the tension, relax. Do the same with each part of the body - right arm, left arm, neck, back, abdomen, right leg, left leg.
2. "Okay". Clap hands, clap with two hands with a partner. The rhythm is constantly accelerating.
Fist-palm clapperboard: clap in the palm of your hand, then clap your fist on your palm. Rhythm acceleration is a must.
3. Attention mobilization exercise.
I.p. - standing, arms along the body. 1-right hand on the belt, 2- left hand on the belt, 3-4-right hand on the shoulder, left hand on the shoulder, 5-6-right hand up, left hand up, 7-8-clap hands above the head, 9-10-lower the left hand on the shoulder, right hand on the shoulder, 11-12-left hand on the belt, right hand on the belt, 13-14-hand claps on the hips. Repeat 4-6 times. Tempo - 1 time slow, 2-3-medium, 4-5-fast, 6-slow.
4. Self-massage.
We will wash the forehead
We wash cheeks
Let's not forget the nose
Neck, chin.
5. Sleep with music.
6. "Balance". The guys are balancing with a newspaper in a standing position. Wherein:
They hold the newspaper at arm's length;
- on the left and right hand alternately, standing on both legs;
- on the left and right hand alternately, standing on one leg;
- hold a newspaper on the head;
- on shoulders;
- on the back of the head;
- alternately on the right and left legs.
7. Development of general motor skills (perform movements according to the text):
The fox has a sharp nose
Red fox fur coat of unspeakable beauty.
The fox walks smoothly, strokes the red fur coat.
8. Sketches for the soul.
9. "Screamers - whisperers - silencers."
Special cards of different colors or prepared, cut out palms. Red - shout, make noise, green - whisper, blue - be silent, keep quiet.
Fatigue
In any occupation, and especially in mental work associated with a fixed posture, a child with increased fatigue needs frequent breaks filled with either active movements or relaxation.
EXERCISES
1. "Mirror". The guys stand in their places and perform the movements that the adult shows them, clearly copying them. The teacher plays the role of a mirror in which students look. They should: freeze in place, turn right, left, stand on their fingers and blink their eyes, nod their heads, stand, wave alternately left and right. right hand, stand, hugging yourself by the neck, then with your left, then with your right hand.
2. "Clowns". Students can sit or stand. The teacher invites them to play clowns. To do this, they must complete the following tasks: draw and part their eyebrows, squint their eyes and open them wide, stretch their lips as much as possible in a smile, and then tighten them, stretch their neck as much as possible, pull in, bring their shoulders together as much as possible, spread them, hug themselves with their hands, stroke, wish good luck and smile.
3. "Twins". Students put their hands on each other's shoulders and close their eyes. At the signal of the teacher, they execute the commands: sit down, stand up, stand on tiptoe, lean to the left, right, bend back, stand on the right leg, bending the left knee and vice versa. In this position, imitation of movement: trains, planes, tractors, caterpillars, turtles, snakes, bears, penguins.
4. "Round". Participants become in a circle. They pass a newspaper rolled up into a tube: in front of them, behind them, behind their backs, standing on one leg, holding the stick with their knees, etc.
5. Relaxation stories.
6. Rest with music.
Damage to the brain in the early stages of ontogenesis has the most adverse effect on the mental development of children and their ability to learn.
Among the outcomes of mild perinatal lesions of the nervous system, one should single out minimal cerebral dysfunction (MMD), which, according to L.O. Badalyan, a combined group of pathological conditions with different causes, mechanisms of development and clinical manifestations.
At present, due to the high prevalence in the pediatric population, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been isolated from the MMD group into a separate nosological unit.
This disorder is a set of symptoms characterized by the ability to hold attention for only a short period due to inability to concentrate, impulsivity and hyperactivity. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder may be caused by minor, mild brain disorders due to circulatory disorders, toxicity, or mechanical damage to the central nervous system (CNS) during the prenatal and perinatal periods, genetic involvement in the etiology of the disorder, and infections. and trauma at an early age.
Prematurity, morphofunctional immaturity, hypoxic encephalopathy, physical and emotional trauma of the mother during pregnancy, premature birth, and underweight of the child cause the risk of behavioral problems, learning difficulties and impaired emotional state, increased activity.
On the present stage researchers consider three main groups of factors that determine the development of ADHD: early damage to the central nervous system associated with a negative effect on the developing brain various forms pathology of the course of pregnancy and childbirth, genetic factors and social factors.
Manifestations of ADHD can be divided into four main groups of symptoms: attention disorders, signs of impulsivity and hyperactivity, symptoms of static-locomotor insufficiency, social maladaptation.
Especially frequent in children with ADHD are speech disorders: general underdevelopment of speech (OHP), delay mental development(ZPR) insufficiency of the motor function of the articulatory apparatus, excessively slow speech or, conversely, explosiveness, voice and speech breathing disorders. All these violations determine the inferiority of the sound-producing side of speech, its phonation, the limited vocabulary and syntax, and the lack of semantics. Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are the main contingent of speech therapy groups.
A set of games and exercises to correct attention deficit disorder and hyperactive behavior in older children school age.
The duration of the game lesson is 30-50 minutes. Changing the types of correctional work allows you to avoid overworking children. Classes are held once a week. The complex included exercises aimed at developing attention, memory, thinking, movement coordination, relaxation, emotional-volitional and personal sphere.
Lesson number 1.
Corrective tasks:
- emancipation of participants;
- combining them into a group;
- develop voluntary attention, coordination of movements, improve the perception of form.
2. The game "Needle and thread".
The participants of the game become one after another. The first - the “needle” moves, changing direction. The rest follow him, trying to keep up.
3. The game "Recognize the figure."
Various geometric figures scattered around the room. On a signal, the children randomly move around the room, performing various movements. After the facilitator names one of the shapes, for example: “Square”, the children should quickly line up around this shape.
4. The game "Ring".
Children stand in a circle, and the driver is inside the circle. He holds a ring in his palms, which he quietly tries to pass to one of the children. Children closely monitor the actions of the driver and their comrades. At the signal of the driver: “Ring, ring, go out onto the porch!” - a child with a ring runs out to the center of the circle and becomes the leader. If the children noticed his ring before the signal, then they are not allowed into the circle, and the game is continued by the former driver.
5. Game "Four elements".
Children sit in a circle. The host negotiates with the children if he says the word “Earth” - everyone puts their hands down, “Water” - hands are stretched forward, “air” - raise their hands up, “Fire” - turn around.
6. Game with the rules of "Brave Mice".
The leader is chosen - “cat”, the rest of the children - “mouse”. The “cat” stands (sits) and watches the “mice”. With the beginning of the poetic text, the “mice” go to the “cat” house.
The mice came out once
See what time it is
One two three four,
The mice pulled the weights.
Suddenly there was a terrible sound!
Bom-bom-bom-bom!
The mice ran away!”
The mice, approaching the house of the “cat”, perform movements corresponding to the text. Having heard the last word, the mice run away, and the “cat” catches them. Caught mice are out of the game.
7. The game "Rag doll and soldier."
Tightening your muscles quickly and then releasing them is a tried and true way to relax. (Fopel K.)
8. Game "Farewell".
“The game is over, it’s time for us to say goodbye.” Children, holding hands, say: “Everyone, everyone - Goodbye! Everyone, everyone - See you again!”
Lesson number 2.
Corrective tasks:
- organizing children into a group;
- develop voluntary attention, auditory perception, fine motor skills arm muscles, improve the perception of color and shape;
- to form elements of self-control.
1. Game - greeting "Magic ball".
2. The game "Flies - does not fly."
Children sit in a circle. The leader names the items. If the object flies, the children raise their hands. If it does not fly, the children's hands are lowered. The leader can deliberately make mistakes, for the formation of self-control in children.
3. The game "Forbidden color".
Geometric figures different color scattered around the room. The teacher calls the color, for example red, and all the players must collect as many figures as possible of any color other than the specified one. Options: No red circle; Collect only green triangles.
4. The game "Turtles".
The teacher and children stand at opposite walls. On a signal, the children begin to slowly move towards the opposite wall, depicting little turtles. No one should stop and rush. After 2–3 minutes, the teacher gives a signal by which all participants stop. The one who is the last one wins.
5. Game "Mirror".
The exercise is performed in pairs. One child invents and shows the movement, the second repeats it. Then the children switch roles.
6. Game with the rules of "Traps with a ball".
Children pass the ball around in a circle with the words: “One, two, three! Get the ball now! Four five six! Here he is already here! On the word “here”, the leader goes to the middle of the circle and says: “Run without looking back so that your heels sparkle!” throws the ball at the children. Whoever it hits is out of the game.
7. The game "Engine".
A child is assigned to the role of a driver - a "locomotive" at will. The rest of the children line up one after another and move together in the direction that the "train" chooses. The main task is to follow each other without disconnecting. If one of the children unhooks his hands, then the “engine” stops, the “train” is repaired, and the “broken” trailer goes to the “depot”.
8. The game "Waterfall". Relaxation.
The imaginative play will also help children relax. (Fopel K.)
9. Game - "Farewell".
Lesson number 3.
Corrective tasks:
- association of participants,
- development of attention stability, motor and visual memory, spatial perception, auditory-motor coordination, auditory perception, self-control.
1. Greeting game “Magic ball”.
2. The game "Guess who called."
Children stand in a circle. One of the players is in the center of the circle and closes his eyes. The teacher approaches and touches one of the participants in the game. He loudly calls the name of the driver. Teacher: Guess who called you. A child standing in a circle calls the name of a friend. The game continues until all the children are in the role of a guesser.
3. The game "Find and keep silent."
The teacher hides an object in advance and invites the children to find it. The one who found the object comes up to the teacher and quietly talks about it. When most of the children cope with the task, they mark those who turned out to be the most attentive and restrained. Option: You can hide several items, such as flags of different colors.
4. The game "The guys have a strict order."
Players line up in a column one at a time, or line. On command, they begin to walk randomly around the hall, saying the words:
The guys have a strict order,
Know all their places;
So trumpet more cheerfully:
Tra-ta-ta, tra-ta-ta!
After these words, the teacher stretches his right or left hand to the side and commands: “Become!”. Children should quickly line up in their places in the direction indicated by the teacher. Options:
- After each formation, the order of the players changes.
- If the teacher stretches his hand forward, then the children should line up in a column, if the teacher raises his hand to the side, the children should line up.
5. The game "Laughing is prohibited."
This good way calm the excited group and set it up for a “working” environment. (Fopel K.)
6. The game "This is how the poses."
The participants in the game take poses corresponding to a certain sport (a certain profession, the movement of an animal, etc.). The driver, after looking at them, must remember, reproduce them and comment after all the children return to their original position. The game can become more difficult: the driver repeats the poses of an increasing number of children. The best drivers are marked.
7. Game "YES" and "NO" DO NOT SAY".
Children sit in a circle. The driver, passing the item to one of the children, asks a question that his friend must answer. The answers should not contain the words: “Yes”, “No”. The trickier the questions, the more interesting the game.
8. The game "Barbell". Relaxation.
I.p. Teacher: Imagine that you are lifting a heavy barbell. Bend over, take it. Clench your fists. Raise your hands slowly. They are tense! Hard! Hands are tired, we throw the barbell (hands drop sharply down and hang freely along the body). They are relaxed, not tense, resting.
9. Game "Farewell".
Lesson number 4.
Corrective tasks:
– development of concentration of attention and arbitrariness, auditory-motor coordination,
- development of auditory memory and auditory attention,
– formation of thinking and hand-eye coordination, self-control.
1. Greeting game “Magic ball”.
2. The game "Engine".
3. The game "Magic Number".
The teacher tells the children that if they know the numbers well, they will get to the Land of Knowledge. For each, he reports a magic number. Numbers are scattered around the hall (according to the number of participants) on the mat. Players remember their number. At the signal of the teacher, the children run to the mat and look for their number, then run around the mat on the right and return to the starting point.
4. The game "Forbidden movement".
Children stand in a circle. The teacher shows them a movement that is considered forbidden. On command, the players must repeat the movements of the teacher, except for the forbidden. Option: Movements are not shown, but only called.
5. Game “Stop!”
The players stand in a line on one side of the room. On the opposite side, the leader stands with his back to them. He loudly says: “Walk fast, look, don’t yawn, stop!” For each word spoken, the players move forward with a marching step (in accordance with the spoken text). At the last word, everyone did not have time to stop in time, takes a step back. Then the leader pronounces the text again. The winner is the one who manages to cross the finish line before the driver says the word “Stop!”.
6. Game "Phone".
Children sit in a circle. The verbal message is passed to each other until it returns to the first player. The message can consist of one word, gradually turning into a long sentence.
7. Game with the rules "Shaggy dog".
The lead dog is chosen. He sits in the middle of the hall, the children stand around him and move in a circle with the words: “Here sits a shaggy dog with his nose buried in his paws. Quietly, peacefully, he sits, either dozing, or sleeping. Let's go wake up, let's see what happens!" The dog wakes up and catches the guys.
8. The game "Flying Carpet". Relaxation.
“We lie down on a magical flying carpet and close our eyes, the carpet rises smoothly and slowly, carries us across the sky, gently sways, and lulls us. The breeze gently blows us, everyone is resting… Gradually the carpet starts to descend and lands in our room… We stretch, take a deep breath, exhale, open our eyes, slowly sit down and carefully get up.”
9. Game "Farewell".
Lesson number 5.
Corrective tasks:
- develop attention, auditory perception, orientation in space, coordination of movements;
– formation of elements of self-control.
1. Greeting game “Magic ball”.
2. The game "Ring".
3. The game "The backpack runs in a circle."
Children stand in a circle. The teacher gives a signal by which the players begin to pass the backpack to each other in a circle. On the second signal, the movement stops. Whoever has a backpack should quickly put it on. Children, together with the teacher, keep count until the child puts on a backpack. Those children who spent less time putting on a backpack are noted.
4. Game “Cold-Hot; Right left".
The teacher hides a conditional object, and then, with the help of commands like “one step to the right, two steps forward, three steps to the left,” leads the player to the goal, helping him with the words “warmth”, “hot”, “cold”.
5. The game "Listen carefully."
Children walk in a circle and perform actions on the command of the teacher. At the command “Hare!” - they jump on two legs; "Goose!" - go in a squat; "Horse!" - perform a gallop. Players who make a mistake are out of the game.
6. Game "Mirror".
7. The game "Turtles".
8. The game "Rag doll and soldier." Relaxation.
9. Game "Farewell".
Literature:
- Astapov V.M. Correctional pedagogy with the basics of neuro- and pathopsychology.
- Panfilova M.A. Game therapy of communication.
- Starodubtseva I.V., Zavyalova T.P. Game lessons for the development of memory, attention, thinking and imagination of preschoolers.
- Fopel K. How to teach children to cooperate.
In order to help hyperactive children in a timely manner, experts advise using game therapy for their correction - treatment with a game. After all, children of all ages love to play.
Types of corrective games
Corrective-educational games for hyperactive children are divided into several types:
- Games for the development of attention.
- Games to relieve muscle and emotional tension.
- Games that develop management skills.
- Games that can strengthen the ability to communicate.
There are 4 types of correctional and educational games for hyperactive children
There are several requirements for them that everyone must comply with:
- Parents begin to introduce all games in stages, first they begin to train one function. If the result in the games is visible, then the games from the next group are selected further.
- Game activities are carried out both individually with the child and the whole family.
- Try to predict the overwork of the child, for this, during the time, switch your attention to other objects.
- A hyperactive child needs adult supervision, so try to timely introduce rewards and punishments in games.
All play activities develop with the child. At 2-3 years old, a baby can be very active, because during the day he accumulates so much energy that he needs to throw it out somewhere. Here you just need to run, jump.
When conducting classes with a hyperactive child, observe consistency, restraint and moderation in punishments
What should parents do to properly organize the child's play activities:
Try to play along with him. If the child dances and sings, then you can turn on the music and say that he is an artist performing for toys. Or if the children run and jump all over the apartment, then you can play with them, imagining yourself as a hunter, and them as hares. The main task of the mother is to direct and organize activities in time so that they are not aimless. At this age, games with plasticine, various cereals and water will be useful, of course, under the supervision of an adult.
During independent games, the child's activities should be organized
Games for preschool children (4-5 years old)
Game "One, two, three say!". An adult asks children simple questions, but they can be answered only when they hear the command: “One, two, three - speak!” Questions can be: "Name your pet"; "What is color"; "What is this toy?"
Play-etudes relieve tension very well.
Snowman game. The child depicts a snowman - he spreads his tense arms to the side, puffs out his cheeks. An adult depicts the sun, which warms and strokes the child. The snowman melts and slowly sinks to the floor.
Ball game. Children pretend to be colorful balloons. An adult depicts a pump, from the movements of which the balls are inflated. Then comes the clap of the hands, the balls burst and slowly fall to the floor.
Various games and exercises for attention "This is superfluous"; "Find differences in the picture"; "Touch a color or object."
For hyperactive children 4-5 years old, games are good for developing attention and relieving muscle and emotional stress.
Games for children of primary school age (6-7 years old)
Exercise "Magic ball". Trains self-regulation. During the game, the child needs to wind a ball of bright yarn around his hand. The children are told that the ball has extraordinary strength, and the one who wraps it around his hand quickly calms down.
Game "Draw a picture". An adult on the board draws any part of the picture. After that, the children take turns coming to the board and drawing the part that is missing in the picture. Thus, a joint picture will be obtained.
"Bird". Any fluffy and soft object is given to the child, a fairy tale is told. The task of the child is to warm the bird with his warmth and breath.
The game "I shout - I whisper - I am silent." You need to cut out 3 palm prints from multi-colored cardboard: red, yellow and blue. They will represent commands-signals. An adult will raise a red palm - you can run, scream, make a lot of noise; yellow - you can move quietly and whisper; blue - children should freeze in place.
Here are a few more interesting games and exercises: “Listen to the claps”, “Let's say hello”, “Waves”, “Talk with hands”, “Games at the desks”.
Hyperactive kids all love to play with loose materials, it develops fine motor skills and soothes nervous system. Now there are many different sets for playing with sand and water, any of them can be bought at the store or made by yourself at home.
Exercises and games with sand
Sand games relieve stress, develop a psycho-emotional state, develop fine motor skills.
On the sand, younger children can draw drawings and figures, and older children can write the letters of the word with a stick or finger.
Drawing in the sand develops perseverance and motor skills
How are sand games played?
At the first stage, children are introduced to the possibilities of sand, that it is dry, and if water is added, it becomes wet. It can be rubbed between the palms, squeezed, sifted, snakes and handprints can be made, animal tracks can be depicted.
Very children love the game "Secret"; "Find the treasure." The host buries toys, shells, pebbles in the sand, and the child, with his eyes closed, feeling the object, tries to find out what it is and where it is, without opening his fist, or simply digs it out.
Game tables with sand or water will be very exciting for hyperactive children
Recommendations for play activities for parents or what to do with the baby
If a child runs around the apartment without stopping, screams loudly, jumps on the floor, makes chaotic movements with his arms and legs and does not hear you at all, then catch him, hug him and offer him to play in a quiet voice.
You can ask to remember how a horse, cat, dog screams. Offer to show your hand, nose, knee. Ask an older child to count from 1 to 20.
Play "Freeze-wither", there are many options for this game. For example, at the command “morning”, the child yawns, stretches, “day” - jumps, runs, “night” - pretends to be asleep.
All children like the game "Robot": there are only two players, the first driver represents a robot that follows all the instructions and instructions, and the second - the owner - gives them. Agree with the baby that as soon as you press his nose, he will immediately “turn off”. You can expand on this idea by drawing a remote control (or use an unwanted TV remote). Press the button on the remote control and say: "reduce the volume (turn off the sound, turn on the slowdown)". Let the child follow the commands.
Attracting the child's attention with the help of the game is very simple and very useful.
Invite the child to imagine that he is a lion on the hunt. At first he sits motionless in ambush, and then jumps and catches someone.
Ask the child to close their eyes and sit still, waiting for a certain signal. For example, when the bell rings a second time, he must stand up and put the toy on the shelf or collect the blocks from the floor.
Suggest the game "Hour of Silence". During this hour, all family members can only speak in whispers. You can get a reward for this, because it is very difficult to do, especially for such a child.
Take a napkin (or a piece of wood) and toss it up. Tell your child that while the napkin falls, you need to laugh as loudly as possible. But as soon as it falls, you should immediately shut up. Play with your child.
It’s better to teach the child even a little, so that when you spread your arms, he would run into your arms (I know, many parents do this). If this hug is pleasant, by 3-5 years the habit will remain. Therefore, spread your arms and when the child comes running to you, hug him tightly and hold the hug for a few seconds.
Suggest the game "Captain and Ship". The captain gives commands ("To the right", "to the left", "straight"), and the ship clearly follows them. For an older child, you can choose a goal (for example, swim to the hallway) and place obstacles in the room (skittles, soft toys). The child can choose any of the roles.
Block the road or grab a child running around the apartment. In order to pass (free himself), he must answer a question that requires concentration (for example, name a sea animal, count the number of windows in an apartment, or come up with five words starting with the letter "A").
Ask the kid running around the apartment to do your tasks(jump three times, run to the kitchen and back twice, jump off the couch four times). It is important that the active task is combined with the need to keep track of actions. For each completed task, draw your child a flower or a car in the album.
Invite the child to repeat after you all the words and actions. Start showing quick, jerky movements or shout loudly. Gradually move on to calmer, smoother movements and quieter speech.
In addition to achieving an instant effect, these games will also help the baby learn to control himself. Do not forget that it is also important for parents to be patient and not lose their temper, because the child takes an example from you, feels and reflects your own state.
Engage your hyperactive child as often as possible in various games and activities.
You can learn more about hyperactivity by watching the following video.
How to behave to parents of a child with ADHD, see the following video by clinical psychologist Veronika Stepanova.
Nina Nikolaevna Zaitseva
Games and exercises for hyperactive children aged 5-6
Hyperactive children are impulsive, overly excitable, they do not know how to restrain their desires, manage your behavior. They tend to motor disinhibition, fussiness, incontinence, irritability. Nowadays, children are impulsive, wayward, require special attention and understanding. Therefore, these are often children we involve in game interaction so that children feel comfortable, smile, rejoice, can communicate both with the teacher and with their loved ones. Games We try to diversify content. We select games to develop attention exercise games for coherent action. We encourage parents to use these games.
Games on the development of attention and the formation of self-control of motor activity.
These games require the highest concentration of attention from the child.
"Don't lose a couple."
Children walk in pairs one after another in a circle, holding hands. After the first signal, they quickly lower their hands and continue to walk side by side. not lagging behind and not overtaking each other. After the second signal, they join hands again and continue walking.
"Be careful".
The teacher shows several physical exercises:
1) I. n. Heels together. socks apart. Raise your hands up, forward. to the sides;
2) "Yula". Alternate rotation of the hands of each hand along the vertical axis;
3) Squat down with both hands behind your head, keeping your balance.
After showing two or three exercises the child must memorize the sequence of actions in each an exercise and repeat them verbally.
"Who will collect the most items."
We lay out objects of different geometric shapes and different colors. Children perform voluntary movements to the music, without touching the lying objects and each other. After the music ends, the items are quickly collected. That one wins who collected more items.
Options:
a) collect objects of the same color;
b) collect objects of a given shape;
c) to collect objects in pairs. triplets, quadruples (by shape or color).
"Find your house."
Hoops are laid out throughout the group, next to them are cubes of different colors in random order. The players run to the music. At this time, the teacher shifts the cubes near the hoops. On a signal, the players must run to the hoop where their cube lies and jump into the hoop.
"Make No Mistake"
Skittles of different colors are arranged in a circle. To the music, children perform arbitrary movements. moving around the group. After the end of the music, each player must take the pin of his color. That one wins who will do it first.
Games for coherent action.
Each participant must make laugh, surprise the other player, depicting various actions with the help of facial expressions, pantomime, intonation. Such games we use during physical education sessions, dynamic breaks, while walking.
"Imagination".
The game is played with an imaginary object. They imitate paired actions - they carry a log, saw firewood, row with oars, jump, scratch their heads, etc.
"Friendly couple".
Children in pairs hold hands and, at the first sound signal, circle in one direction (5-7 seconds, stop at the second signal. After a short break, repeat movements in the other direction.
"Guess what I'm doing."
Children take turns in pairs with the help of facial expressions and pantomime depict actions, for example: a skier, an orchestra conductor, a violinist, a tightrope walker, a swimmer, an artist, etc., rolls down the hill. And each guesses in his pair who portrayed whom.
"Funny crackers".
Children sit in pairs opposite each other on the floor. The teacher shows. Claps his left hand on his left knee, the children must repeat this movement. Then the adult claps on the right knee, the children repeat both this movement and the previous one at the same time. the game continues until the composition includes 7-10 movements.
"We are parsley."
Children squat in pairs. holding hands (they talk, joke. On a signal, they jump at the same time. Then, to the music, they simultaneously stamp their feet as shown by the teacher, perform side steps with a squat, then circle, holding hands. After the end of the music, they stop and bow.
After these games children become the most calm, collected, it is easier for parents to understand their children and choose the most effective form of interaction.
Related publications:
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Games and exercises to relieve neuropsychic stress in preschoolers aged 3–7 years Games and exercises to relieve neuropsychic stress in preschoolers (5-6 years old) Contents: 1. Magic dream 2. Let's warm the butterfly.
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Card file "Speech games and exercises for children 5-6 years old" 1. "Can you name it?" Purpose: to select words for a given vowel sound, which is at the beginning of a word. Game progress. The teacher sets any vowel.
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