Land planning work. Site preparation for construction. Feature #3 - accounting for reasonable traditions.

Every happy owner of a newly acquired land faces many different kinds of problems and questions. What exactly and in what place of the territory of the summer cottage should be located, do you need a vineyard on it, which you can set up with your own hands, or planting will please family members more, what design, in general, should you choose? All these questions should be answered by the work program - it all has great importance.

But one should not think that buying land with a ready-made house, outbuildings and a developed territory would be a more reasonable and simple option. Just like the decision to enter into an agreement with professional landscape designers. You should not do this, because on an empty site, which is 10, which is 20, which is 12 acres, there is an opportunity independent solution questions of such a plan as: where to build a house, build a gazebo, in which part of the territory to create a vineyard or, for example, a cherry tree, or where exactly to break a flower bed. You should also consider where the location of the garage or the arrangement of the beds will be appropriate. All this is of great importance. It is of great importance how well thought out the program of action is. This should be done before creating a landscape design for a suburban area - just look at examples of arranging the territory of a private house on the Internet online and for free. Thus, you can also learn how to do gardening with your own hands, including how to make a breakdown of the beds or where to place a vineyard.

Only after studying these issues should a competent program of work be created, and if there is an understanding that you cannot cope with this on your own, then you should conclude an agreement with professionals. They know exactly all the rules that include competent landscaping of the territory, as well as which place is best for arranging a garage, laying out beds, or on which side of the site it is best to arrange a vineyard. Of course, an agreement with professional designers frees you from many problems, but it requires investments to pay for their work (as a rule, each agreement contains a clause indicating this amount). At the same time, it should be remembered that it is not necessary to conclude an agreement for the arrangement, including landscaping of the dacha, with the first agency that comes across. The choice of a contractor for this kind of work is of great importance, because even such a question, where to plant a vineyard in order to get a good harvest, requires knowledge!

With this approach, in contrast to the acquisition of a plot with a built house, etc., as a result, you can get the most comfortable and cozy cottage of your dreams, where everything will be created taking into account the preferences and taste of the land owner and his family members. Knowledge and use of the basic rules for planning a summer cottage, combined with imagination, will provide an opportunity to create the perfect one with your own hands. landscape design territory in the country, measuring 10, 12, 15, 20 or even 25 acres - the main thing is to do everything correctly, including landscaping.

Layout of a plot of 15 acres

On the territory of the dacha from 10 to 25 acres, you should still do, first of all, the design is not in terms of beauty (this is a secondary issue after all), but in terms of maximum comfort and convenience of location. Every competent plan or program of action must be drawn up with this rule in mind!

Of course, the most important element of absolutely every dacha is a house. Therefore, it is necessary to take the most responsible approach to the issue of choosing the territory of the site on which it will be located, and only then think over the design of the landscape.

It should be remembered that it is most rational to make windows from the east or west. When the windows are on the south side, the room is very hot. Near the south wall of the house, it is best to arrange a bathroom. If window openings are made on the north wall, then the room will be quite cold. It is optimal to locate a pantry near the northern wall, and not plan to plant landscaping here - this rule is of great importance, because little will grow on this territory, and landscaping here is simply stupid.

A good option- an extension to the house of a veranda, which will not only decorate the cottage, but also provide an opportunity to gather outdoors for a large number of summer cottage guests on warm summer days. Due to the fact that the main purpose of the veranda is to act as a room for relaxation, experts recommend doing it from the south. Then on the veranda it will always be not cold and quite sunny.

In the northern part of a plot of any size, both in 10, 12, 15, and in 20 or 25 acres, you should not plant flowering ornamental crops or create a garden. It is best to plant plants in such a plot that can develop well in the shade, they can significantly improve the design without much effort. These types of crops include apple trees, currants, and raspberries - therefore, the creation of an apple orchard in this area is quite appropriate. It is acceptable here to break a vineyard of special varieties that do not like direct sunlight. It should be borne in mind that any landscaping on the site, including the arrangement of beds, requires certain knowledge. Therefore, if there is no desire to study the recommendations of the masters, then it is more reasonable to immediately conclude a contract for landscaping with professionals.

Around the entire perimeter of the house is best, which will provide the opportunity for free movement throughout the suburban area around the residential building.

A reasonable solution is to install or hang lanterns in the country house, which will provide an opportunity to view the area around the house well in the evening and at night. Examples of their placement can be found on specialized sites. The area that surrounds the house must be equipped: lay out paths, break flower beds or lawns, install lanterns, etc. A sample and recommendations of specialists for arranging a suburban area of ​​​​10, 12, 20, 25 and 15 acres can be easily found and browse the internet online for free. This will allow you to do everything yourself, and not seek help from professionals and enter into an agreement with them to perform landscape design work.

Layout of a summer cottage: rules for the location of utility buildings

Staying at absolutely every summer cottage will not be comfortable if there are no outbuildings on it:

• a barn in which you can hide all the country equipment;
• bath for a good rest and wellness procedures:
• outdoor toilet (in the case when it is impossible to arrange it in the house);
• compost pit, etc.

The buildings are optimally located along the perimeter of the summer cottage, moreover, as far as possible from the house, since an illiterate combination of outbuildings and decorative elements can worsen the design.

Architectural advice: buy a house or a house without a house?

Already the location of the building near one of the corners of the site is the result of a desire to expose this beautiful garden. If the house is new, in good condition, built using modern technologies, energy efficient, properly sited, legally regulated, not too expensive, quiet location, well connected to the rest of the world - the problem disappears properly.

Mower - usually located in the garage, located in front - on the floor of the living room. If someone decides to use the services of a design company, it is best to do it at home. The cost of the project should not exceed two thousand zlotys. Allow more than one pass. This is probably a good but not very common practice in our country, rather than scare wealth and look at the average. Location on the building The building on a rectangular plan is complemented by a driveway and "pulled out" to the center of the site.

This is especially true for the toilet and compost pit, because, otherwise, unpleasant odors will be felt in the house, and soar in the air in the area that is intended for relaxation. It is advisable in this case to create a preliminary plan, then the further program of action will be clear and simple.

A barn should be built near a garden, flower bed, garden plot - in this case, there is no need to go far when you need some kind of inventory.

Those owners of cottages who have their own road transport should also consider building, which is best located near the gate. In general, the most optimal place for a garage is near the gate leading to the territory of the summer cottage. If you build a garage in the depths of the territory, then you will additionally spend precious space that will be needed to build a road from the garage.

The placement of buildings does not have to be along the edge of a summer cottage of 20 acres - they can be located as the owner of the cottage sees fit or as his family members want. The main thing is to do it in such a way as to avoid darkening the territory as much as possible.

Layout of the suburban area: the choice of territory for the garden and garden

The garden and the vegetable garden are the most pleasant and productive part of the territory of the summer cottage, but the landscaping of such a plan is also subject to certain rules. If there is no desire to study them, then it will be easier to conclude an agreement with professionals - they know exactly all the nuances and even the solution of such issues as arranging a garage in a small area or vertical planting of berry crops, as well as vertical planting of vegetable beds, they can do it!

When choosing fruit and berry crops for planting them in the country, preference should be given to apple trees, cherries, plums, currants, raspberries and strawberries. As for vegetable crops, experienced summer residents advise planting potatoes, tomatoes, cucumbers, cabbage, radishes and much more - when choosing vegetable plants, you need to rely only on the taste preferences of the owner of the summer cottage, as well as his family members. But creating an apple orchard with your own hands on a plot of 10, 12, 15 or 20 acres is a great idea that everyone will 100% like! Everyone is also guaranteed to be satisfied with the vineyard in the country, so almost any plan or program for the development of the territory includes its creation.

Not bad when the garden area is visually separated with a decorative fence or paved paths. The garden and the vegetable garden should be located on that part of the dacha territory, which receives the maximum amount sunlight and warmth. This rule must be observed, since good natural light is required for a rich harvest in the cultivation of so many crops.

It will be great to locate a source of water near the garden and vegetable garden - in this case, you do not have to carry buckets of water far or walk with a watering can for watering. To a large extent, it simplifies irrigation by installing special irrigation systems that automatically spray water. Now they can be purchased not only in traditional stores, by concluding an appropriate supply and service agreement, but also on the Internet. Moreover, even a vertical system of such a plan is now being proposed, which will greatly simplify the landscaping and maintenance of the territory. With its help today you can even water the vineyard.

For the most comfortable stay at the country house or personal plot at 10, 12, 15 or 20 square meters, it’s a good idea to equip your own hands with paths that will lead to the territory of the garden and garden, as well as enclose them with a small decorative fence - in this way, you can designate garden areas and decorate them. It is good to protect the vineyard with such fences.

Around the garden, it will be great to place flower beds with which you can additionally decorate the site. A pre-created plan or program for the development of the territory will greatly simplify the process of carrying out such work.

Creation of a recreation area

This zone is one of the most important places on the territory of each suburban area, because here the owner of the cottage, his family members and guests will spend a lot of time in the future. This means that everything should be arranged in this zone for maximum relaxation and entertainment.

It’s a good idea to put an inflatable pool in the recreation area in the country house - this design requires a small amount of space, but it will provide an opportunity to cool everyone on a hot summer day - both the owner of the site and his family.

In the past few decades, a gazebo has become a particularly popular and integral element of the dacha - this attribute of the dacha will allow you to spend as much time outdoors as possible, protect you from the scorching rays of the sun on a hot afternoon. At a short distance from this structure, a barbecue area should be equipped.

Summing up, we can say that each modern and comfortable recreation area must include such attributes as: a gazebo, a playground, a swimming pool and other components. Swings look appropriate on the playground of the summer cottage, which must be supplemented with a canopy - it will reliably protect from direct sunlight and prevent sunburn. Even its almost vertical installation is allowed - from the side from which the sun most often shines.

In addition to all of the above, experts in the issue of landscape design of summer cottages recommend equipping decorative ponds or small fountains in their area in recreation areas, which can be easily and simply made with one's own hands. They are able not only to give a special zest appearance the territory of the summer cottage and, thus, please its owners, but also humidify the air.

On the territory of areas that are intended for recreation, it is optimal to plant lawns - this will provide an opportunity to make the summer cottage beautiful and comfortable, and the overall design complete and cozy. After all, it is possible to walk barefoot on the lawn, sunbathe, or just lie down and relax.

When there are children in the family of the owner of the summer cottage, then construction is appropriate in the recreation areas, which consists of a small house, a sandbox with a large umbrella, a ball ring and a trampoline. Such a children's town, of course, will add joy and fun to the kids while staying at their summer cottage. After all, now they will have the opportunity to play in their own small town, and their parents will have free time.

Experts in the design of summer cottages and household plots also advise, as in the situation with vegetable gardens and orchards, to enclose those areas of zones that are intended for recreation, as an example, with small decorative fences. In addition, paths should be paved connecting them with houses and baths.

It is necessary to install beautiful lanterns along the perimeters of recreation areas - it’s great if these lanterns work with solar batteries and are multi-colored. In addition to the fact that it is not just beautiful, such lanterns will provide an opportunity to significantly save the family's financial resources on paying for electricity. And also there will be no need to pull the entire summer cottage of the electric wire.

Land plot planning: an example of a phased plan

The development of design and layout of a land plot or territory near a country house, 10, 20, 15 or 12 acres in size, is an incredibly interesting and exciting activity. When it comes to such a large enough area to work on, the one who plans the design of its landscape is practically not limited by anything. Indeed, on such an area there is the possibility of placing not only the most necessary, but also everything that your heart desires - for example, a huge number of fruitful beds of vegetable crops or creating some kind of amazing garage design. The main thing is a well-thought-out plan and the correct program of work.

Before creating a landscape design plan for a summer cottage area of ​​15, 10, 12 or 20 square meters, you should carefully consider the location of the main attributes, and only then fix it all on paper by making an accurate plan of your site - examples of such plans are provided on the Internet .

As an example of a competent planning for the design of a summer cottage or a country house, you can use the following plan:

• The premises of the house should be built in the northern zone of a summer cottage or a backyard area, which will provide an opportunity to save as much as possible and use the territory illuminated by the sun's rays. It should be used as a place to lay out a garden or create a vegetable garden, as well as an area that is intended for recreation.
• Window openings should be made on both sides of the house - it is best to give preference to the western and eastern sides of the building. In this case, the territory of the entire summer cottage or suburban area, including the entire design of the site as a whole, can be clearly viewed, and the rooms of the house will be bright. Whenever possible, window openings should be made on each wall of the house.
• At a short distance from front door, which leads to the house, there must be a gate. If you have your own vehicle, the location of the garage should also be close to the home. You should not build it in the depths of the territory, because in this case a lot of space is lost, which is necessary for arranging the entrance to the garage.

• Away from the building (i.e., on the opposite side of the site), you can set up a garden and a vegetable garden - they must be surrounded by decorative fences. An important condition for this event is a competent choice of location - it must be well lit with direct sunlight. Fruit and berry crops should be planted along the entire perimeter of the garden fence - this will provide an opportunity to reliably protect the crop of fruits and vegetables that will grow in the beds from the wind, and besides this, it will also help to hide from neighbors' eyes.
• At an insignificant distance from the territory of the garden and vegetable garden, an outbuilding should be erected, in which all the necessary garden equipment will be stored.
• The area, which is intended for recreation, should also be equipped at a small distance from the country house. In this area, you should build a gazebo, install a barbecue not far from it and equip a place in which firewood will be stored.
• At a short distance from the area intended for recreation of family members and guests of the cottage, it is necessary to create a children's corner. The device of such elements as a house, a trampoline and a sandbox will be able to please absolutely every little member of the family.

• At an insignificant distance from the recreation area, but away from the playground, an inflatable pool (or, if desired, any other) should be installed. Every member of the family or a guest of a dacha / country house will want to refresh himself in the water heated by the sun's rays on a hot afternoon - this good example cottage furnishing.
• In that area of ​​​​a summer cottage or suburban area, which is closest to the gazebo, a wooden bath should be built. The bath is extremely useful for maintaining the health of almost any modern person.
• It remains to connect the buildings on the summer cottage with garden paths, beautifully paved with materials such as: brick, tile or wooden saw cut. In addition, paths can be created using concrete, expanded clay or any other coating.
• Lanterns and flower beds with decorative flowering crops should be installed on both edges of the paths. The use of decorative figurines of animals and gnomes is also appropriate here. In addition, it is good to place a couple of benches and a small number of stumps along the edges of the paths.

Plan and break country cottage area- this is a big creative process that will require you not only to have certain knowledge, but also to connect your own imagination. Wherein knowledgeable people it is recommended to follow the advice of specialists who will help to complete all the work, as a result, each square meter of the territory will be beneficial and delight with beauty and comfort every day. How the layout of the suburban area is carried out with our own hands, we will consider in detail step by step.

Preparatory work

Before proceeding with the preparation of a future site plan, it is necessary to determine the terrain itself, the nature of the relief, the forms of the land plot, the presence of any buildings, as well as other features of the area. For example, in rural areas there are a large number of streams and reservoirs, if one is present on your site, then you can use it correctly.

Pay attention to several features of the placement of the cottage:

• lowland - upland;
• the presence or absence of a water source;
• wooded area - steppe.

Quite often, you have to add or remove soil, make blind areas for walls, and also make organized drains. Only with proper placement of buildings on the site, it is possible to use the summer cottage to the maximum and select all zones.

To all preparatory work were performed correctly, it is best to assess the space and start from the ground.

1. Relief: hilly, flat, the presence of ravines or mountains. It is from this indicator that the schemes for laying engineering communications will depend.
2. Soil: clayey, humus, sandy. If you plan to equip a garden, then you should increase the fertility of the soil by fertilizing. The set of plants for the garden and flower beds will depend on the acidity index.
3. The shape and size of the territory: square, rectangular and elongated.
4. Ground water: if the level is high enough, you should think about draining the water.
5. Climatic conditions.
6. Illumination.

All large buildings and trees are best oriented to the north side. This approach will reduce the influence of the shadow, and the view from the house will be as illuminated as possible throughout the day.

Zones on the territory of the cottage

The layout of the suburban area depends precisely on the zones that will be included here. Each individual case will have its own list, but you can consider the largest example and a list of zones:

• residential;
• recreation;
• outbuildings;
• garden.

Each of them should have its own area depending on the total area. Yes, at proper conduct zoning of the residential part should be up to 20%. If it is planned to build outbuildings, then this percentage should not exceed 15%. At the same time, the largest plot is allocated to the garden and the garden - 75%. This approach will diversify landscape design and fill it with a wide variety of varieties of flowers and plant species.

1. The house is placed first. Most often, the central zone is allocated for it, but the buildings are most often located somewhere in the depths. Interestingly and in an original way, they can be masked with the help of decorative plantings that are not afraid of shadows.
2. A place to rest should be the most comfortable and best. In this case, the nature of the zone can be arranged or scattered. Here you should not forget about the place for the playground.
3. The garden should be well lit, so it has a sunny side. The shadow from the buildings should not obscure the area.

Plot shapes

Options for planning a summer cottage can be very diverse, but almost everything will depend on the shape of the land. The most common type of site is a rectangular shape, on which it is possible to implement a wide variety of solutions and ideas. There is also an L-shaped type of plot. It is quite complex, so here you will need to think and think about where and how to place everything. The part that protrudes can be used as a place for recreation or a playground.

On a triangular-shaped site, an asymmetric approach can be considered when planning and laying out the territory. Emphasis should be on round elements:

• lawns;
• reservoirs;

In remote corners, it is best to place outbuildings.

Planning is a creative business. Experts advise to consider a wide variety of options, but not to copy them completely, but to make some changes.

After they have been identified important points and studied various options planning, you need to sketch everything on a piece of paper. You can ask for help from specialists, designers landscape design who use special programs for project development. But to save money, an ordinary sheet of A4 paper and a pen (pencil) will be enough.

To sketch the plan, consider an example - a summer cottage of 10 acres. It is best if you take a scale of 1:100 and a sheet of drawing paper of the appropriate size - a square of 50 × 50 cm. For convenience, it is better to arm yourself with a pencil and a ruler to line the entire sheet into a grid in 1 cm increments. Next - a flight of fancy: arm yourself with colored pencils, clippings from magazines and felt-tip pens, with which you can create a real collage.

When working with the scheme, it is necessary to take into account:

• the location of the house, taking into account all exits;
• places reserved for utility and auxiliary buildings;
• rest zone;
• playground;
• tracks;
• fence;
• flower beds, rock gardens and front gardens;
• reservoirs;
• engineering Communication.

When placing objects in advance, it is necessary to select the optimal place that will correspond to the purpose.

So, as already mentioned, the site should first place the main elements in the following categories:

• base - house;
• additional buildings and outbuildings: summer kitchen, garage, well, barn, cellar and others;
• recreation facilities: terrace, patio, gazebo, playground, swimming pool and outdoor shower;
• garden and vegetable garden: flower beds, front gardens, beds for vegetables and root crops, greenhouses.

It is important to pay attention not only to their placement and shape, but also to decide on the materials that will be used in construction. Only in this case, a harmonious garden style will be obtained on the site. The playground is no less important: when choosing a place, you should choose the most visible area so that the kids are always under the visual control of their parents.

We also take into account the requirements in the legislation regarding the norms of distances:

• from the house to the red line of the street - 5 m;
• from the house to the neighbor's fence - 3 m;
• between houses made of stone - 6 m, wood - 15 m, mixed - 10 m;
• from the fence for the garden house - 3 m, buildings for animals - 4 m, outbuildings - 1 m, trees - 4 m;
• from the windows of the house to the household of the neighbor - 6 m.

At the end of the article are the most different examples ready-made planning projects for summer cottages. Check them out and draw your own conclusions.

Plot of 12 acres

The garden area of ​​12 acres will allow you to place large quantity objects and allocate additional space for recreation areas in comparison with the previous option. In this case, the layout will be distributed as follows:

• House with a spacious veranda - 150 m2.
• Household part 50 m 2 .
• Recreation area and playground - 200 m2.
• Garden and greenhouse - 200 m 2.
• Garden plot - 550 m 2.
• Paths and paths - 50 m 2.

The principle of placement of buildings will be similar to the option of a plot of 6 acres, but in this case there is an additional opportunity for the implementation of various landscaping ideas. So, a large number of not only fruit trees and shrubs, but also decorative ones are connected. They can be planted around each object, as well as along the paths.

In addition, additional square meters allocated to the recreation area will allow you to build a gazebo, swimming pool, barbecue. It is very important to consider decorative lighting here, which will make it possible to spend time in the evening.

Plot of 15 acres

First of all, we note that 15 acres is as much as 1500 m 2 of free territory, on which a wide variety of landscape combinations can be realized. Most often, the site has the shape of a rectangle 30 × 50 m, or 25 × 60 m. There is enough space to include everything necessary for a comfortable and functional living not only in summer, but also in winter.

1. Residential building with an attic and a veranda - 200 m 2.
2. Summer kitchen - 30 m 2.
3. Guest house - 50 m 2.
4. Bath - 50 m 2.
5. Outbuildings - 70 m 2.
6. Garage with car access - 30 m 2 .
7. The recreation area includes a gazebo, a playground, a barbecue and picnic area, as well as benches around the territory - 300 m 2.
8. Decorative structures (fountain, artificial or natural reservoir, garden bridge, stone sculptures) - 100 m 2.
9. Garden - 200 m 2.
10. Flowerbeds and mixborders - 70 m 2.
11. Garden - 400 m2.

There are no special recommendations for such a site, so pay attention to the first and second options. Everyone will be able to implement any idea here, and even more than one - it is enough to rationally weigh and develop everything so that everything fits and harmonizes very well with each other.

A country house should be surrounded by greenery, so this stage is given a lot of time and effort. A large number of flower beds are planned and laid out, and a large front garden is being built in front of the house.

When developing a plan for your summer cottage on your own, you need to take into account many nuances and points that will help you do all the work correctly and rationally. Take note of the recommendations and tips in the article, and also check out the sketches of site plans. As a result, it will be possible to create a summer cottage of your dreams, where it will be comfortable to spend all seasons, regardless of weather conditions.

Video

A lot of useful tips given in the following video:

Scheme